Disk Image Formats

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[[File Formats]] > [[Electronic File Formats]] > [[Disk Image Formats]]
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{{FormatInfo
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|formattype=electronic
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|thiscat=Disk Image Formats
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|image=Selanit floppy disk download icon.png
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}}
  
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File systems and other file formats described on this page's parent page describe entities that exist on disks as they would normally used.   
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[[Filesystem]]s and other file formats described on this page's parent page describe entities that exist on disks as they would normally be used.   
  
−
However, there are also file formats that allow a physical disk to be "imaged" into a file, either to re-copied onto a physical disk later, or else used by an *emulator* of the computer system that would have originally.   
+
However, there are also file formats that allow a physical disk (or tape or other medium) to be "imaged" into a file, either to be re-copied onto a physical disk later, or else used by an *emulator* of the computer system that would have originally used that sort of media.   
  
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These file formats represent a data image of one of the physical floppy disk formats.  In addition to the raw data from the disk, these formats may contain metadata that the corresponding emulator environment uses to correctly access the data.
+
These file formats represent a data image of one of the physical floppy disk (etc.) formats.  In addition to the raw data from the disk/tape/etc, these formats may contain metadata that the corresponding emulator environment uses to correctly access the data.
  
 
Typically, when archiving a physical disk for later use, a physical disk will be imaged into one of these file formats.  Sub-pages of this page should contain information on the format itself as well as instructions on how to extract a physical disk into that disk image format, including information about what physical drives are required, what software to use and how and what OS that is run under.
 
Typically, when archiving a physical disk for later use, a physical disk will be imaged into one of these file formats.  Sub-pages of this page should contain information on the format itself as well as instructions on how to extract a physical disk into that disk image format, including information about what physical drives are required, what software to use and how and what OS that is run under.
  
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See also [[ROM and memory images]] for images of memory, and [[Floppy disk]]s for the physical floppies.
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See also [[ROM and memory images]] for images of memory, and [[Floppy disk]]s for the physical floppies. See [[Archiving]] for archive and backup formats that are filesystem-based rather than raw-sector-based. See [[Filesystem]] for the filesystems. [[Forensics and Law Enforcement]] has formats for preserving drive contents with metadata for investigations.
  
 
==Floppy Disk Image Formats==
 
==Floppy Disk Image Formats==
 
Images created directly from floppy disks.
 
Images created directly from floppy disks.
 
===Generic Sector Images===
 
===Generic Sector Images===
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* raw [[IMG]] (ie, created with dd)
 
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* [[TD0]] (TeleDisk)
 
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* [[FDI]] (Formatted Disk Image)
 
  
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* [[FDS]] Famicom Disk System
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====Acorn====
  
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* [[ADF (Amiga)]] Amiga ADF image
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* [[Acorn Archimedes Disk Image]]
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* [[DMS]] Amiga DiskMasher compressed image
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* [[ADF (Acorn)]] Acorn Archimedes Disk Image
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====Amiga====
  
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* [[Disk Copy 4.2]] (Apple)
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* [[ADF (Amiga)]]
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* [[DART]] (Apple)
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* [[Disk Imploder]] (Amiga) (.dmp, .dex)
 +
* [[Disk Masher System]] (Amiga) (.dms)
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* [[WRP]]
 +
 
 +
====Amstrad====
 +
 
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* [[DSK (CPCEMU)]], used for Amstrad and related disks (typically [[3" disk]]s)
 +
 
 +
====APF Imagination Machine====
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* [[APD]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated disk) (.apd)
 +
 
 +
====Apple II series====
 +
 
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* [[A2R disk image]]
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* [[Apple Disk Image]] (Apple II disk image with header) (.2mg)
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* [[Disk Copy 4.2]] (Apple)
 
* [[Disk Copy 6]] (Apple)
 
* [[Disk Copy 6]] (Apple)
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* [[DSK (Apple II)]], used for Apple II disks (typically 5.25" disks)
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* [[EDD disk image]]
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* [[Nibblized disk image]] (.nib), an Apple II disk image format that works for copy-protected disks
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* SDK - See [[NuFX]].
 +
* [[WOZ disk image]]
  
 +
====Atari====
 +
===== Atari 8-bit =====
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* [[ATR]] (SIO2PC)
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* [[DCM]] (Disk Communicator)
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* [[DI]] (800XL DJ emulator)
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* [[PRO]] (APE ProSystem)
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* [[SCP]] (Spartados)
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* [[XFD]] (Xformer)
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===== Atari ST =====
 +
* [[DIM]] (F-Copy)
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* [[The JAM Packer]]
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* [[MSA (Magic Shadow Archiver)]]
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* [[ST disk image]]
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* [[STT]] (STEEM)
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* [[STX]] (Pasti)
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 +
====Commodore 64/128/PET/CBM====
 +
 +
* [[C64 Nibbler Format]] (.nib) (created by mnib)
 
* [[D64]] and its variants (D71, D81, all with optional error information) from the C64
 
* [[D64]] and its variants (D71, D81, all with optional error information) from the C64
 
* [[G64]] C64 raw (GCR coded) disk image
 
* [[G64]] C64 raw (GCR coded) disk image
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* [[NIB]] C64 "nibbler" format (created by mnib)
 
  
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* [[DSK]] (CPCEMU disc image), used for Amstrad and related discs (typically 3" discs)
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====Macintosh====
 +
 
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* [[Apple Disk Image]] (MacOS or OS X disk image with header) (.dmg, .smi, .img)
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* [[DART]] (Apple)
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* [[MOOF]]
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* [[Sparse image]] (Apple disk image) (.sparseimage)
 +
 
 +
====MSX====
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* [[PDI]] (Protected Disk Image)
 +
 
 +
====PC (DOS/Windows)====
 +
 
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* [[86F]] (86Box)
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* [[ApriDisk]]
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* [[CFI disk image]]
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* [[CopyQM]]
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* [[DDI]] (DiskDupe image file)
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* [[Disk Express]] (.dxp)
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* [[DSQ (disk image)|DSQ]]
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* [[FDF Image]] (EZ-DisKlone)
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* [[FDI]] (Formatted Disk Image)
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* [[IMA]]
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* [[IMD]] (ImageDisk)
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* [[IMG (DOSIMG)|IMG]] (HD-Copy disk image)
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* [[LoadDskF/SaveDskF]] (.dsk)
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* [[Quick Release Sector Transfer]] (Compaq)
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* [[RIM]] (EZ-DiskCopy PRO)
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* [[TD0]] (TeleDisk)
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* [[XPACK disk image]] (.xdi)
 +
 
 +
====Tandy====
 +
 
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* [[DMK]]
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* [[JV1/JV3]]
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* [[JVC]]
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 +
====ZX Spectrum====
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* [[Mirage Microdrive Snapshot]]
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* [[TRD]] (see [[TR-DOS filesystem]])
 +
 
 +
====Misc.====
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* [[Anex86 PC98 floppy image]] (.fdi)
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* [[D88]] (.d88, .1dd, .2dd)
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* [[DiscFerret floppy image]] (.dfi)
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* [[DSK (Oric)]]
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* [[Famicom Disk System]] (.fds)
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* [[LDBS disk image]] (.ldbs)
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* [[MESS floppy image]] (.mfi)
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* [[Pasopia disk image]] (.d88)
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* [[Raw disk image]] (.img) (ie, created with dd)
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* [[Compressed Hunks of Data]] (.chd)
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* [[SD HxC Floppy Image]] (.hfe) [https://hxc2001.com/download/floppy_drive_emulator/SDCard_HxC_Floppy_Emulator_HFE_file_format.pdf 1]
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* [[SuperCard Pro]] (.scp)
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* [[Wang Virtual Disk image]] (.wvd)
  
 
===Physical (Hardware) Images===
 
===Physical (Hardware) Images===
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 +
* [[DRAFT]] (Software Preservation Society intermediate format)
 
* [[IPF]] (Software Preservation Society image format)
 
* [[IPF]] (Software Preservation Society image format)
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* [[DRAFT]] (Also from Software Preservation Society, intermediate format)
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* [[KryoFlux]]
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+
  
 
==Optical Disc Image Formats==
 
==Optical Disc Image Formats==
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CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, BluRay, GD-ROM etc.
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CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, BluRay, GD-ROM etc. For the physical formats, see [[Optical Discs]].
  
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* [[BlindWrite Image File]] (.bwi, .bwt, .b5i, .b6i) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlindWrite wiki]
 +
* [[CDI]] (Disc Juggler)
 
* [[CloneCD Control File]] (.ccd, .img, .sub)
 
* [[CloneCD Control File]] (.ccd, .img, .sub)
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* [[C2D]] Roxio
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* [[CIF Image]] Roxio
 
* [[CUE and BIN]]
 
* [[CUE and BIN]]
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* [[CyberLink P2I]]
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* [[DDP]] (Disc Description Protocol)
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* [[DMG]] (Apple)
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* [[Domesday Duplicator]] (.lds, .ldf, .raw)
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* [[GI]] (Sonic Global Image File)
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* [[ISOBuster Managed Image]] (IBP/IBQ)
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* [[ISO image]] (.iso)
 
* [[ISZ]]
 
* [[ISZ]]
 
* [[MDF and MDS]]
 
* [[MDF and MDS]]
 
* [[NRG]] (Nero Burning ROM)
 
* [[NRG]] (Nero Burning ROM)
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* [[CDI]] (Disc Juggler)
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* [[NTI CD Image]] (.ncd) [https://archive.org/download/nti-cd-maker-standard-edition-full-version-5.0.11-2001/NTICDM2K.iso/CDM2K%2FManual%2FEnglish%2FManual.pdf 1]
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* [[BWI]] (BlindWrite Image File)
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* [[TOAST]] (Roxio Toast)
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* [[XDI (Extended Disc Image)]]
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* [[TOC]] (CDRDAO)
  
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* [[DMG]] (Apple)
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===Optical Disc Project Formats===
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Disc Burning Software Project files
  
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* [[Nero Burning ROM]]
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** [[NRI]] (CD-ROM Compilation)
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** [[Nero CoverDesigner]]
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** [[NSD]] Super VCD Compilation
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** [[NRV]] Video CD Compilation
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** [[NRE]] CD Extra Compilation
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* [[CDL]] (Corel CD Creator)
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* [[Easy CD Creator]] (CL2, CL3, CL4)
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* [[CL5]] (Roxio EasyCD Creator 5)
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* [[RCL]] (Roxio Creator Classic)
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* [[ROXIO]] (Roxio Creator Classic/Easy Media Creator)
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* [[ROX]] (Roxio Creator NXT)
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* [[DMSD]] (Roxio MyDVD)
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* [[DISC]] (Roxio TOAST)
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* [[DVD Sonic]] (Sonic myDVD .dvd)
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* [[NTI CD-DVD Maker]] (.cmd)
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* [[Adobe Encore]] (.ncor)
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* [[DVD Studio Pro]] (.dspproj)
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* [[iDVD]] (.dvdproj)
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* [[CyberLink Power2Go]]
  
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==Forensics formats==
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==Hard Disk Image Formats==
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* Expert Witness (i.e. EnCase)
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* Advanced Forensics Format (AFF)
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* [[Ghost Image]] (.gho, .ghs)
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* [[HDV (disk image)|HDV]]
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* [[Raw disk image]] (.img)
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* [[TeraByte Image]]
 +
 
 +
==Virtual Machine Disks and Virtualization Image Formats==
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* [[OVF (Open Virtualization Format)]]
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* [[qcow]] (QEMU)
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* [[VDI]] (Virtual Disk Image) (VirtualBox) (.vdi)
 +
* [[VFD (Virtual Floppy Disk)]] (Microsoft) (.vfd)
 +
* [[VHD (Virtual Hard Disk)]] (Microsoft) (.vhd)
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* [[VMDK]] (Virtual Machine Disk) (VMWare) (.vmdk)
 +
 
 +
==Tape Image Formats==
 +
 
 +
* [[APT (APF Imagination Machine)|APT]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated tape, logical bits) (.apt)
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* [[APW]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated tape, raw audio) (.apw)
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* [[CAS (Atari)|CAS]] (Atari; Digital Cassette Image system)
 +
* [[PZX]] (ZX Spectrum)
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* [[SIMH TAP]] (SIMH emulator's tape file format)
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* [[T64]]
 +
* [[TAP (Oric)]]
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* [[TAP (ZX Spectrum)]]
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* [[Tap file]] (contains data from Commodore data cassette)
 +
* [[Tape Image Format]] (TIF) (used for seismic data)
 +
* [[TZX]] (ZX Spectrum)
 +
* [[Unified Emulator Format]] (UEF; also does Acorn disks and ROMs)
 +
 
 +
==Unknown==
 +
* [[lbl]] See here for details: [https://web.archive.org/web/20130103032119/http://classiccmp.org/pipermail/cctalk/2012-December/326747.html]
  
 
==Tools==
 
==Tools==
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* [[The Sleuth Kit and Autopsy]] can read raw, Expert Witness, and AFF formats
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* [[The Sleuth Kit and Autopsy]] can read raw, [[Expert Witness]], and AFF formats
 +
* [http://www.winimage.com/ WinImage] to read, write and create images, also lots of info
 +
* [http://foremost.sourceforge.net/ Foremost: console tool to recover files from disk images]
 +
* [http://disktype.sourceforge.net/ disktype: detect format of disk or disk image]
 +
* [[TrID|TrID File Identifier]]: recognize many disk image formats
 +
* [https://github.com/bitcurator/bca-webtools bca-webtools]
 +
* [https://github.com/eaas-framework/xmount xmount: emulates various disk image formats for use in emulators requiring them]
 +
 
 +
See also [[Disk Imaging Software & Systems]], and [[Forensics and Law Enforcement]].
 +
 
 +
== Links ==
 +
* [http://qanda.digipres.org/20/what-are-the-reasons-for-saving-disk-images?show=183 What are the reasons for saving disk images?]
 +
* [http://ils.unc.edu/digccurr/curategear2016-talks/woods-curategear2016.pdf BCA-Webtools: Accessing and Visualizing Disk Images in a Web Browser]

Latest revision as of 05:00, 9 October 2024

File Format
Name Disk Image Formats
Ontology

{{{caption}}}

Filesystems and other file formats described on this page's parent page describe entities that exist on disks as they would normally be used.

However, there are also file formats that allow a physical disk (or tape or other medium) to be "imaged" into a file, either to be re-copied onto a physical disk later, or else used by an *emulator* of the computer system that would have originally used that sort of media.

These file formats represent a data image of one of the physical floppy disk (etc.) formats. In addition to the raw data from the disk/tape/etc, these formats may contain metadata that the corresponding emulator environment uses to correctly access the data.

Typically, when archiving a physical disk for later use, a physical disk will be imaged into one of these file formats. Sub-pages of this page should contain information on the format itself as well as instructions on how to extract a physical disk into that disk image format, including information about what physical drives are required, what software to use and how and what OS that is run under.

See also ROM and memory images for images of memory, and Floppy disks for the physical floppies. See Archiving for archive and backup formats that are filesystem-based rather than raw-sector-based. See Filesystem for the filesystems. Forensics and Law Enforcement has formats for preserving drive contents with metadata for investigations.

Contents

[edit] Floppy Disk Image Formats

Images created directly from floppy disks.

[edit] Generic Sector Images

[edit] Acorn

[edit] Amiga

[edit] Amstrad

[edit] APF Imagination Machine

  • APD (APF Imagination Machine emulated disk) (.apd)

[edit] Apple II series

[edit] Atari

[edit] Atari 8-bit
  • ATR (SIO2PC)
  • DCM (Disk Communicator)
  • DI (800XL DJ emulator)
  • PRO (APE ProSystem)
  • SCP (Spartados)
  • XFD (Xformer)
[edit] Atari ST

[edit] Commodore 64/128/PET/CBM

  • C64 Nibbler Format (.nib) (created by mnib)
  • D64 and its variants (D71, D81, all with optional error information) from the C64
  • G64 C64 raw (GCR coded) disk image

[edit] Macintosh

[edit] MSX

  • PDI (Protected Disk Image)

[edit] PC (DOS/Windows)

[edit] Tandy

[edit] ZX Spectrum

[edit] Misc.

[edit] Physical (Hardware) Images

  • DRAFT (Software Preservation Society intermediate format)
  • IPF (Software Preservation Society image format)
  • KryoFlux

[edit] Optical Disc Image Formats

CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, BluRay, GD-ROM etc. For the physical formats, see Optical Discs.

[edit] Optical Disc Project Formats

Disc Burning Software Project files

[edit] Hard Disk Image Formats

[edit] Virtual Machine Disks and Virtualization Image Formats

[edit] Tape Image Formats

[edit] Unknown

  • lbl See here for details: [1]

[edit] Tools

See also Disk Imaging Software & Systems, and Forensics and Law Enforcement.

[edit] Links

Retrieved from "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=Disk_Image_Formats&oldid=49528"
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