E-Mail, newsgroups, and forums
From Just Solve the File Format Problem
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Formats for the storage or transmission of messages (singly or in groups) for electronic mail, discussion lists, forums, newsgroups, BBSs, social networking, etc. See also Web, Address books and contacts.
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Abbreviations, conventions, etc. in messaging
Online messages can be a language all their own, with different dialects for different types of messages, but often "leaking" from one service to another. Here are a few of the things to watch out for:
- Emoticons - smileys, frowneys, etc :-)
- Hashtags, at-signs, retweets, etc. - Twitterisms that often turn up elsewhere
- Txtspeak - various abbreviations sometimes used in chats
Bulletin Board Systems (BBSs)
Programs
- Fido BBS
- Opus-CBCS (BBS software)
- Opus Embedded Commands (OEC)
- PCBoard
Networks, protocols and formats
- AVATAR
- EMSI/IEMSI
- FidoNet message packet
- FidoNet nodelist
- FIZ (archiver used with Maximus BBS software)
- FOSSIL
- IGS
- Wazoo
- XMODEM
- YMODEM
- YooHoo
- ZMODEM
Chat, Texting and Instant Messaging
- AOL Instant Messenger
- ICQ
- IRC (Internet Relay Chat)
- Puffchat
- SMS (text messaging on phones)
- Slack
- Snapchat
- XMPP (Jabber)
Standards and protocols
- Bang path
- Habeas Warrant Mark
- IMAP
- Internet e-mail message format (RFC 733/RFC 822/RFC 2822/RFC 5322)
- List-Unsubscribe header
- Maildir
- MAPI
- mbox
- POP3
- QWK
- SMTP
- SOUP
- SPF
- T.37 (fax to e-mail)
- UUCP
- X-Face
Specific programs
Clients
- AOL
- AOL e-mail messages
- AOL Personal Filing Cabinet (includes e-mail as well as other things)
- Apple Mail
- Blue Wave
- Eudora
- Lotus Notes
- Mailpile
- Microsoft Entourage
- Microsoft Outlook
- Nickfile (NK2)
- Personal Folder File (PAB, PST, OST)
- Outlook for Mac Data File (OLM)
- Outlook Item File (MSG)
- Microsoft Mail (.mmf) Discontinued in 2002
- MLM (Novell Groupwise)
- Outlook Express Database (DBX)
- Pegasus Mail
- Pine
- Thunderbird
Servers
Webmail services
E-mail archiving
Forums / web comment threads
Messaging service integration
Online Services
(the old, proprietary variety)
Secure messaging
See also Encryption, Security
- ByLock
- Confide
- Crypho
- PGP
- PKCS7
- Privacy-Enhanced Mail (RFC 1421)
- ProtonMail
- SafeSlinger
- saltpack
- SecureDrop (was DeadDrop)
- Silent Circle Instant Messaging Protocol
- S/MIME
Social Networking
- Discord
- Ello
- Friendster
- Google+
- Mastodon
- MySpace
- nostr
- pump.io
- Quora
- Snake
- SSB (Secure Scuttlebutt)
- Tumblr
- Twister
Transfer Encodings
This is an incomplete list. For more, see the main Transfer Encodings article.
- Base64
- MIME
- MIME types
- Quoted-printable
- Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format (TNEF; winmail.dat)
- Uuencoding
- Xxencoding
- yEnc
Usenet
- Bang path
- NZB
- Usenet message format (RFC 850/RFC 1036/RFC 5536/RFC 5537; Discussion of early Usenet format)
- UUCP
Links
BBSing
- Lots of vintage BBS software
- Modems, wArEz, and ANSI art: Remembering BBS life at 2400bps
- Elite Exchange One BBS software manual (1989)
- BBS-related podcasts
- ERIC ED325112: Electronic Bulletin Boards. (April 1986)
- Mail Chauvinism: The Magicians, the Snark and the Camel -- Ted Nelson, 1981
- How to self-host your own mail server in the cloud
- NSA Says It Can’t Search Its Own Emails (Just everybody else's!)
- How can I find out where an email really came from?
- New Encrypted Email Services Coming From Kim Dotcom's Mega And Newzbin
- Dark Mail Alliance - developing end-to-end encryption for e-mail
- TorBirdy: extension to use Tor encryption with Thunderbird
- The Daunting Challenge of Secure E-Mail
- Verify e-mail addresses online
- Yahoo breaks every mailing list in the world including the IETF's
- The End of History: How e-mail is wrecking our national archive (ironically, the article succumbed to linkrot, but is retrievable from the Internet Archive)
- E-mail self-defense guide (encryption)
- Carcanet Press Email Preservation Project - Phases 2-3
- Framework and Functions of the "MS" Personal Message System (David H. Crocker, 1977)
- E-mail client market share
- EPADD: software for cataloguing e-mail archives
- The 100% Correct Way to Validate E-Mail Addresses
- The Future of Email Archives: A Report from the Task Force on Technical Approaches for Email Archives
Newsgroups/Usenet
- Kickstarting Operator: a censorship-resistant, shape-shifting newsreader
- olduse.net: "Real time" posting of 30-year-old Usenet posts
Social networking
- LinkedIn ‘Intro’duces Insecurity
- Free download of danah boyd's must-read book "It's Complicated" (about young people and social networking)
- A Dynamic New Tool to Preserve the Friendsters of the Future (NY Times Blogs)
- A Teenager’s View on Social Media
- A 1980 Teenager’s View on Social Media
- An Old Fogey’s Analysis of a Teenager’s View on Social Media
Misc.
- Online, Underground: In-progress written history of online messageboards
- Opt out of PRISM: surveillance-free alternatives to things including social networking and messaging
- India to send world's last telegram. Stop.
- PLATO: The Emergence of Online Community
- The Minitel: France's 1980s "Internet"
- LOLCats and Libraries: A Conversation with Internet Librarian Amanda Brennan (on the study of Internet memes)
