Video

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{|
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{{FormatInfo
|[[File Formats]]
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|formattype=electronic
| >
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|thiscat=Video
|[[Electronic File Formats]]
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|image=Clearview-hdtv-20351280340940ssqn.jpg
| >
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}}
|Video
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Formats related to video and multimedia.
|}
+
 
 +
== Introduction ==
 +
* For an excellent introduction to the issues around audio and video formats, see [http://www.avpreserve.com/blog/a-primer-on-codecs-for-moving-image-and-sound-archives-2/ A Primer on Codecs for Moving Image and Sound Archives - and 10 Recommendations for Codec Selection & Management] [http://www.avpreserve.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/AVPS_Codec_Primer.pdf PDF version]
 +
* [http://www.garymcgath.com/streamingprotocols.html Basics of streaming protocols]
 +
 
 +
==Pure video formats==
 +
These formats are "monolithic" video formats, meaning that the file format and the encoding of the video data are tied to each other.
 +
 
 +
See also [[Animation]], [[Graphics#Animated image formats]], and the [[#Video application formats|Video application formats]] section below.
  
* [[3ivx]]
 
* [[Apple Intermediate Codec]]
 
* [[AVI]]
 
* [[AVS]]
 
 
* [[Bink Video]] (BIK)
 
* [[Bink Video]] (BIK)
* [[Canopus ProCoder]]
+
* [[CDXL]]
 +
* [[DPX]]
 +
* [[KWZ]]
 +
* [[MTV Movie (.MTV)]]
 +
* [[MTV Video (.AMV)]]
 +
* [[PPM (Flipnote)]]
 +
* [[PSMF]]
 +
* [[SGI movie]]
 +
* [[Smacker]]/SMK (created by RadGameTools; mostly used in games)
 +
* [[VDEO]]
 +
* [[Video Master Film]]
 +
* [[WTV]]
 +
 
 +
==Video container formats==
 +
These formats are only containers for video, which can contain videos in many different encodings (or even other data like audio).
 +
 
 +
See also the [[#Video application formats|#Video application formats]] section below, for some higher-level container-like formats.
 +
 
 +
* [[Advanced Recording Format]]
 +
* [[ASF]]
 +
* [[Camtasia Recording File]]
 +
* [[EBML]]
 +
** [[Matroska]]
 +
** [[WebM]]
 +
* [[FLV]]
 +
* [[ISO Base Media File Format]]
 +
** [[MP4]]
 +
** [[QuickTime]]
 +
* [[MPEG Program Stream]] (.mpg)
 +
* [[MPEG Transport Stream]]
 +
** [[M2TS]] (MPEG-2 based packet format used on [[Blu-ray Disc]]s)
 +
* [[MXF]]
 +
* [[Ogg]]
 +
** [[Ogg Skeleton]]
 +
** [[OGM]]
 +
* [[RealMedia]]
 +
* [[Acorn Replay|Replay]]
 +
* [[RIFF]]
 +
** [[AVI]]
 +
* [[Webex Recording Format]]
 +
* [[WOT]]
 +
* [[MAGIX Video]] (.mxv)
 +
 
 +
=== Single-stream container formats ===
 +
* [[MPEG Elementary Stream]]
 +
* [[Packetized Elementary Stream]] (packet format within MPEG streams)
 +
 
 +
==Video stream formats==
 +
A.k.a. ''codecs'', these formats are raw bitstream formats commonly contained in one of the above containers (though some can be used on their own, in one way or another).
 +
 
 +
* [[3ivx]] (this is just a fourcc for an MPEG-4 variant)
 +
* [[Apple Intermediate Codec]]
 +
* [[AV1]]
 
* [[Cineform]]
 
* [[Cineform]]
* [[Cinema Craft Encoder]]
 
 
* [[Cinepak]]
 
* [[Cinepak]]
* [[CoreAVC]]
+
* [[Daala]]
 
* [[Dirac]]
 
* [[Dirac]]
* [[DivX]]
+
* [[DivX]] (this is essentially MPEG-4 with some quirks)
* [[Elecard]]
+
* [[EVC]]
* [[Enhanced VOB]]
+
* [[FFV1]]
* [[FLI]] and FLC (animation format used by older Autodesk products)
+
* H.261 - See [[MPEG-1]]
* [[H264]]
+
* H.262 - See [[MPEG-2]]
* [[HuffyYUV]]
+
* [[H.264]] (MPEG-4 AVC)
 +
* [[HEVC]] (H.265)
 
* [[Indeo]]
 
* [[Indeo]]
* [[InterVideo]]
+
* [[LCEVC]]
* [[JPEG2000]]
+
* [[Moving Blocks]] - Acorn Replay stream
* [[MainConcept]]
+
* [[MVI2]] - MovieCD
* [[MKV]]
+
* [[NSV]] Nullsoft Streaming Video
* [[MOV]]
+
* [[ProRes]] (Apple RAW)
* [[MP4]]
+
* [[QuickTime Animation]]
* [[MPEG2]]
+
* [[Sorenson]] Video Codec
* [[MPEG4]]
+
* [[Theora]]
* [[MPG]]
+
* [[Thor]]
* [[MSU Lossless Video Codec]]
+
* [[MXF]]
+
* [[Nero Digital]]
+
* [[OGV]]
+
* [[Quicktime]]
+
* [[RealVideo]]
+
* [[SheerVideo]]
+
* [[TechSmith Screen Capture Codec]]
+
* [[TMPGEnc]]
+
 
* [[VC-1]]
 
* [[VC-1]]
 
* [[VC-3]]
 
* [[VC-3]]
 +
* [[VP8]]
 +
* [[VP9]]
 +
* [[VVC]]
 +
* [[XviD]] (MPEG-4 variant)
 +
 +
== Lossless formats ==
 +
* [[CorePNG]]
 +
* [[HuffYUV]]
 +
* [[Lagarith]]
 +
* [[Ut Video]]
 +
* [[MagicYUV]]
 +
* [[MSU Lossless Video Codec]]
 +
* [[MSU Screen Capture Lossless Codec]]
 +
* [[ScreenPressor]]
 +
* [[TechSmith EnSharpen]]
 +
* [[TechSmith Screen Capture Codec (TSCC)]]
 +
* [[TechSmith Screen Codec v2 (TSC2)]]
 +
 +
== Video application formats ==
 +
An application format is a name for a set of restrictions and extensions to a standard container format. It may (or may not) be restricted to a small set of stream formats. Some such formats are called ''profiles''.
 +
 +
* [[3G2]]
 +
* [[3GP]]
 +
* [[AVC (file format)]]
 +
* [[DVR-MS]]
 +
* [[Enhanced VOB]]
 +
* [[F4V]]
 +
* [[MJ2]]
 +
* [[MK3D]]
 +
* [[MKV]]
 +
* [[MP4]], M4V
 +
* [[Ogg Skeleton]]
 +
* Ogg Theora - See [[Theora]]
 +
* [[OGM]]
 +
* OGV - See [[Ogg]]
 +
* [[Protected Interoperable File Format]] (PIFF)
 +
* [[RealMedia Variable Bitrate]]
 +
* RealVideo - See [[RealMedia]]
 +
* [[RIFF Multimedia Movie]] (.mmm)
 
* [[VOB]]
 
* [[VOB]]
* [[VP8 codec]]
+
* [[WebM]]
* [[WebM container format]]
+
 
* [[WMV]]
 
* [[WMV]]
* [[XviD]]
+
 
 +
== Standards suites ==
 +
* [[MPEG]]
 +
** [[MPEG-1]]
 +
** [[MPEG-2]]
 +
** [[MPEG-3]]
 +
** [[MPEG-4]]
 +
** [[MPEG-5]]
 +
** [[MPEG-A]]
 +
** [[MPEG-H]]
 +
 
 +
==Metadata formats==
 +
* [[F4M]] (Flash Media Manifest)
 +
* [[FilmConservationMetadata]]
 +
* [[NFO (Kodi)]] [https://kodi.wiki/view/NFO_files]
 +
* [[SRR]] (reScene files)
 +
* [[SRS]] (reSample files)
 +
* [[XnView Frame]]
 +
 
 +
==Subtitle / Caption formats==
 +
* [[Caption Center]] (.tds)
 +
* [[Captions, Inc.]] (.cin)
 +
* [[Cheetah International]] (.asc, .cap)
 +
* [[CMML]] (Continuous Media Markup Language)
 +
* [[CPC-715]] (.onl)
 +
* [[CVD]] (An SVCD subtitle format)
 +
* [[DVD subtitle format]]
 +
* [[DXFP]] (Distribution Format Exchange Profile)
 +
* [[EBU STL]]
 +
* [[EBU Timed Text‎]]
 +
* [[JACOsub]] (Subtitles for Amiga video)
 +
* [[Kate]] (OGG Kate subtitle format)
 +
* [[MacCaption]] (.mcc)
 +
* [[Matroska subtitles]]
 +
* [[National Captioning Institute]] (.cap, .flc)
 +
* [[OGT]] (Philips Overlay Graphics Text)
 +
* [[PAC Subtitles]] (.pac)
 +
* [[SAMI subtitle format]] (SMI)
 +
* [[Scenarist Closed Caption]] (SCC)
 +
* [[Spruce subtitle format]] (STL)
 +
* [[Structured Subtitle Format]] (SSF)
 +
* [[SubRip text file format]] (SRT)
 +
* [[SubStation Alpha]] (SSA, ASS)
 +
* [[SUP]] (HD-DVD subtitle format)
 +
* [[Ultech Caption]] (.ult)
 +
* [[Universal Subtitle Format]] (USF)
 +
* [[VobSub]] subtitle format (.sub, .idx)
 +
* [[WebVTT]] (Web Video Text Tracks Format)
 +
* [[XSUB]] (XSUB subtitle format)
 +
 
 +
==Annotation formats==
 +
* [[ELAN Annotation Format]]
 +
 
 +
See also [[Annotation]].
 +
 
 +
==Interactive media files==
 +
(generally accompany video streams and other multimedia, tying them together in a presentation or user-interaction as on a disc)
 +
 
 +
* [[BDMV]] (Blu-ray disc files for user interactivity)
 +
* [[CLPI]] (Blu-ray disc clip info files)
 +
* [[MPLS]] (Blu-ray disc playlists)
 +
 
 +
See also [[Animation#Animated interactive media]].
 +
 
 +
==Video Developer/Editor files==
 +
* [[After Effects]] (.aep, .aepx)
 +
** [[AEX Plugin]] (.aex)
 +
* AVID
 +
** [[Media Composer]] (.avp, .avb)
 +
* [[DaVinci Resolve]] (.drp)
 +
* [[EditStudio]] (.eds)
 +
* [[Final Cut Pro]] (.fcp)
 +
** [[Apple Color]] (.colorproj)
 +
** [[Apple Motion]]
 +
* [[Final Cut Pro X]] (.fcpbundle)
 +
** [[FCPXML]]
 +
* [[Heroglyph Project Format]]
 +
* [[iMovie]] (.iMovieProj)
 +
* [[Kdenlive]]
 +
* [[MOFF-MODD]] (Sony PlayMemories)
 +
* [[3D Movie Maker]] (.3mm)
 +
* [[Windows Movie Maker]] (.mswmm, .wlmp)
 +
* [[MAGIX Video Project]] (.mvp)
 +
* [[MoviePlus]] (Serif, .mvp)
 +
* [[Muvee]]
 +
* [[OpenShot]]
 +
* [[Pinnacle Studio Video Project]] (.stu)
 +
* [[Premiere]] (.ppj, .ptl)
 +
* [[Premiere Pro]] (.prel, .prproj)
 +
* Roxio
 +
** [[DMSM]] (VideoWave project)
 +
** [[DMSS]] (VideoWave SlideShow Project)
 +
* Sony Vegas
 +
** [[Sony Vegas project format]] (.veg)
 +
** [[Sony Vegas Movie Studio project format]] (.vf)
 +
** [[Sony Vegas window layout format]] (.vegaswindowlayout)
 +
* [[VideoStudio]] (.vsp)
 +
* [[Wax]]
 +
* [[Wink]]
 +
* [[Winmorph]]
 +
* [[Wondershare Filmora]] (.wve, .wfp)
 +
 
 +
==Video streaming services==
 +
* [[Amazon Instant Video]]
 +
* [[Hulu]]
 +
* [[Netflix Streaming]]
 +
* [[Vimeo]]
 +
* [[Xfinity On Demand]]
 +
* [[YouTube]]
 +
 
 +
==Television broadcast formats==
 +
* [[BTSC]] (NTSC with multichannel sound carrier)
 +
* [[NTSC]]
 +
* [[PAL]]
 +
* [[SECAM]]
 +
 
 +
Also see [[Chyron]] for on-screen graphics.
 +
 
 +
See [[Radio]] for more details of how such broadcasts are transmitted.
 +
 
 +
== Teletext ==
 +
Services that transmitted text or other data within a broadcast signal, and protocols and formats they used
 +
* [[Ceefax]]
 +
* [[NAPLPS]] (North American Presentation Layer Protocol Syntax)
 +
* [[Red Button Text]]
 +
 
 +
== 3D video ==
 +
* [[Anaglyph 3D format]]
 +
* [[Blu-ray 3D format]]
 +
* [[MK3D]]
 +
* [[SENSIO Hi-Fi 3D format]]
 +
* [[Side-by-side 3D format]]
 +
* [[Top-and-bottom 3D format]]
 +
 
 +
==Uncategorized==
 +
These formats might eventually get sorted into the above categories, or might not quite fit in any of them.
 +
* [[avrecode]]
 +
* [[AVS]]
 +
* [[Cinema RAW Light]] Canon (.crm)
 +
* [[Canon XF-AVC]]
 +
* [[Canopus ProCoder]]
 +
* [[Captivate]] (.cp, .cptx)
 +
* [[Phantom CINE|CINE (Phantom)]] (.cci, .cin, .cine)
 +
* [[Cinema Craft Encoder]]
 +
* [[CinemaDNG]]
 +
* [[DL]]
 +
* [[EDL]] (Edit Decision List)
 +
* [[Elecard]]
 +
* [[FIASCO]]
 +
* [[Adobe Filmstrip|Filmstrip (Adobe)]] (.flm)
 +
* [[Insta360 INSV]] (.insv)
 +
* [[InterVideo]]
 +
* [[JPEG XS]]
 +
* [[Lenel Video]]
 +
* [[Lotus ScreenCam movie]] (.scm)
 +
* [[MainConcept]]
 +
* [[MASH]]
 +
* [[Microsoft Photo Story]] (.wp3)
 +
* [[MovieSetter]]
 +
* [[NSD]] (Nero Super Video CD)
 +
* [[PXL-2000]]
 +
* [[RTP]]
 +
* [[SheerVideo]]
 +
* [[VDR (VirtualDub)]]
 +
* [[ZCI]]
 +
 
 +
== Software ==
 +
Refer to [[Video software]].
 +
 
 +
== Links ==
 +
* [http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=Category:Video_Codecs MultimediaWiki: Video Codecs]
 +
* [http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=Category:Container_Formats MultimediaWiki: Container Formats]
 +
* [http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/06/the-trajectory-of-televisioninternet-rebellion-and-hardware-renaissance/ The trajectory of television]
 +
* [http://www.w3schools.com/html/html5_video.asp HTML5 video tag]
 +
* [http://mpc-hc.org/ MPC-HC: media player for Windows handling just about all video/audio formats]
 +
* [http://doctorbeet.blogspot.co.uk/2013/11/lg-smart-tvs-logging-usb-filenames-and.html LG Smart TVs logging USB filenames and viewing info to LG servers]
 +
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4LfPWXIF5Ss&feature=youtu.be Lossless vs. corruption (video)]
 +
* [http://www.loc.gov/preservation/resources/rfs/movimg.html Library of Congress Recommended Format Specifications: Moving Image Works]
 +
* [http://www.google.com/get/videoqualityreport/ Video Quality Report (from Google)] - shows how your Internet connection fares with streaming video
 +
* [https://github.com/AyrA/ExcelPlayer Excel sheet that plays video and audio]
 +
* [http://mediaarea.net/en/MediaInfo MediaInfo: software that shows metadata for audio/video files]
 +
* [http://www.encoding.com/html5/ HTML5 video guide]
 +
* [http://dev.iptc.org/Video-Metadata Video metadata standardization project]
 +
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161016201327/http://preservationguide.co.uk/?p=244 A Compressed View of Video Compression]
 +
* [https://plus.thebulwark.com/p/death-lies-and-video-files Death, Lies, and Video Files] (on how artifacts of file format conversions can end up enmeshed in political debates)

Latest revision as of 23:13, 17 July 2024

File Format
Name Video
Ontology

{{{caption}}}

Formats related to video and multimedia.

Contents

[edit] Introduction

[edit] Pure video formats

These formats are "monolithic" video formats, meaning that the file format and the encoding of the video data are tied to each other.

See also Animation, Graphics#Animated image formats, and the Video application formats section below.

[edit] Video container formats

These formats are only containers for video, which can contain videos in many different encodings (or even other data like audio).

See also the #Video application formats section below, for some higher-level container-like formats.

[edit] Single-stream container formats

[edit] Video stream formats

A.k.a. codecs, these formats are raw bitstream formats commonly contained in one of the above containers (though some can be used on their own, in one way or another).

[edit] Lossless formats

[edit] Video application formats

An application format is a name for a set of restrictions and extensions to a standard container format. It may (or may not) be restricted to a small set of stream formats. Some such formats are called profiles.

[edit] Standards suites

[edit] Metadata formats

[edit] Subtitle / Caption formats

[edit] Annotation formats

See also Annotation.

[edit] Interactive media files

(generally accompany video streams and other multimedia, tying them together in a presentation or user-interaction as on a disc)

  • BDMV (Blu-ray disc files for user interactivity)
  • CLPI (Blu-ray disc clip info files)
  • MPLS (Blu-ray disc playlists)

See also Animation#Animated interactive media.

[edit] Video Developer/Editor files

[edit] Video streaming services

[edit] Television broadcast formats

Also see Chyron for on-screen graphics.

See Radio for more details of how such broadcasts are transmitted.

[edit] Teletext

Services that transmitted text or other data within a broadcast signal, and protocols and formats they used

[edit] 3D video

[edit] Uncategorized

These formats might eventually get sorted into the above categories, or might not quite fit in any of them.

[edit] Software

Refer to Video software.

[edit] Links

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