Security

File Format
Name	Security
Ontology	Electronic File Formats Security

Formats specific to the storage and transmission of security information.

See also:

• Encryption
• E-Mail, newsgroups, and forums: Secure messaging

App provisioning and DRM

Main article: Digital Rights Management

• Mobile Provision file (.mobileprovision; used for installing iOS apps)

Authentication

• SAML (Security Assertion Markup Language)

Claim representation

• JSON Web Tokens (JWT)

Digital certificates, keys, etc.

• ASCII Armor (.arm; old for base64)
• Card Verifiable Certificate (CVC)
• Canonical Encoding Rules (.cer)
• Certificate Revocation List (.crl)
• Certificate Signing Request
• Certificate Trust List (.stl)
• DER (Distinguished Encoding Rules)
  • DER encoded certificate (.der, .crt)
  • DER encoded RSA private key
• Microsoft Serialized Certificate Store (.sst)
• PEM
  • PEM encoded certificate (.pem, .crt)
  • PEM encoded RSA private key (.key)
• PFX (original format)
• PGP public key
• PKCS
  • PKCS7 (PKCS #7, Cryptographic Message Syntax Standard)
  • PKCS7 certificate (.p7b, .p7c, .spc)
  • PKCS10 (PKCS #10 Certificate Signing Request, .p10, .csr)
  • PKCS11 (PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface Standard; Cryptoki API)
  • PKCS12 (PKCS #12, PFX, Personal Information Exchange, .p12, .pfx)
• PVK
• RSA private key
• SPKAC
• X.509 certificate

Digital certificate collections

• Security Catalog

Electronic signatures

• Authenticode signature
• Digital watermark
• FSecure (PaceSoft)
• HMAC (Hash-based message authentication code)
• JSON Web Signatures (JWS)

Malware/spyware

• Pegasus
• Regin
• Superfish

See also Ransomware.

Passwords

• eWallet
• KBDX
• passwd (/etc/passwd)

See also Encryption#Password hashes.

Protocols

• TLS (including SSL)

Security policies

• Adobe Cross Domain Policy File
• Content Security Policy
• Label Encodings (files determining information classification labels for multi-level security environments)
• PAM configuration file
• Security.txt
• Sudoers (module and file determining user privileges)

Software

• OpenSSL

Verification

• Verifpal (.vp) (language for modeling aspects of security protocols to test for soundness)

Links and references

• Various SSL/TLS Certificate File Types/Extensions (MSDN article)
• Hashcat: password cracking program
• Can someone be targeted using the Adobe breach?
• xkcd comic about Adobe password breach situation
• Improving security in Firefox
• 2014 Super Bowl security (picture)
• Senate cybersecurity report finds agencies often fail to take basic preventive measures
• Xbox password flaw exposed by five-year-old boy (And Microsoft thanked the kid instead of getting him arrested, imagine that.)
• Be Still My Breaking Heart
• When two-factor authentication is not enough
• origins of libressl
• Why blurring sensitive information is a bad idea
• How to crack many Master Lock combinations in eight tries or less