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• Audio and Music
  ...reserve.com/blog/a-primer-on-codecs-for-moving-image-and-sound-archives-2/ A Primer on Codecs for Moving Image and Sound Archives - and 10 Recommendatio * [[Make-A-Melody]] (''Big Blue Disk'' #42) (.mus)
  40 KB (4,712 words) - 15:30, 10 May 2024
• Document
  * [[ActiveMime]] (format used to store macros within MS Office documents) (similar to word processors and desktop publishing but designed particularly for buildi
  11 KB (1,165 words) - 22:05, 24 April 2024
• Filesystem
  ...ble to mount the filesystem, and thus read it, in order to be able to read a file. ... filesystems. Of course, any filesystem can be made available on a network to remote devices, but these are the native filesystems present on the storage
  8 KB (1,030 words) - 23:44, 5 January 2024
• Emulation Software
  An emulator mimics (obsolete) hardware (i.e. electronic components) in order to run an (obsolete) [[Operating Systems|Operating System]]. ...ion software uses hardware of the machine it runs on and acts as a gateway to share resources between the host-machine and the virtualized [[Operating Sy
  7 KB (854 words) - 19:06, 20 June 2021
• ZIP
  ...re many other things, related or not, whose names use the word "Zip". Only a few are listed here. * Z-language Interpreter Program (ZIP) - See [[Z-code]].
  18 KB (2,536 words) - 16:02, 28 December 2023
• Programming Languages
  ...age code is stored as [[source code]] which may be directly interpreted by a machine or compiled or assembled into [[executables]]. * [[Z-code]]
  10 KB (1,083 words) - 21:17, 6 February 2024
• Z-code
  ...It is sometimes referred to as Infocom format. There are eight versions of Z-code. The first six were created by Infocom, while versions 7 and 8 were cr ...in the higher-level language [[ZIL]], which was compiled into Z-code using a compiler that's apparently lost now.
  4 KB (635 words) - 04:07, 28 December 2023
• Blorb
  ...y used for packaging [[Z-code]] and [[Glulx]] IF games, but it is possible to use it for other formats as well. *.zblorb/.zlb (used to indicate Z-code)
  1 KB (208 words) - 17:46, 28 December 2023
• Executables
  ...formats for machine executable code. These often define different sections to be loaded into memory. Some formats may be compatible with different CPU ar * [[a.out]]
  4 KB (507 words) - 15:29, 10 May 2024
• ReStructuredText/spec
  This document is a detailed technical specification; it is not a tutorial or a primer. If this is your first exposure to
  104 KB (14,340 words) - 01:02, 22 May 2013
• FidoNet nodelist
  The '''FidoNet nodelist''' is distributed weekly to nodes of FidoNet, a network of BBSs in operation since the 1980s, giving information about all ...e the filename replaces the first digit of the extension with "A" for ARC, Z for ZIP, or J, L, or R for [[ARJ]], [[LHA|LZH]], or [[RAR]] respectively if
  5 KB (879 words) - 06:41, 2 December 2021
• Tape Archive
  ... backup tapes. Archived data in the tar format is sometimes referred to as a "tarball". ...uilt-in support for this combined operation by using a modifier such as '''z''' (gzip) or '''j''' (bzip2). When extracting files, the compression format
  5 KB (720 words) - 10:33, 12 April 2024
• LBR
  ..., the whole library could be compressed with one of these methods (leading to the extensions .LQR, .LZR, .LYR). ...y served similar purposes and were inspired by other-platform formats even to the point of being named after them.)
  3 KB (488 words) - 13:03, 12 April 2024
• CFX
  [[CFX]] ("CP/M File eXpress") is a program for extracting files from a range of compression and archive formats used primarily on [[CP/M]]: * [[Crunch]] (.?Z?)
  1 KB (183 words) - 16:51, 10 February 2021
• Euclid (Ace Computing)
  ...DE1, Euclid) share some features with [[Acorn Draw|Draw]] files but appear to be structured differently. Assuming use of 2 and 8 to indicate move and draw, as in Draw paths; use of 6,
  5 KB (678 words) - 10:27, 21 May 2020
• C0 controls
  ...m are rarely used these days. Some character sets (including Unicode) have a second set of controls called the [[C1 controls]] in the equivalent positio ...pposed to "printing" them using standard output methods, which causes them to be interpreted as control characters and activate non-graphical functionali
  12 KB (1,940 words) - 05:46, 18 March 2022
• CP/M
  ...onal computers, sold by Digital Research, Inc. It ran on Intel 8080, Zilog Z-80, and compatible 8-bit microprocessors. Its user interface showed the inf * [http://www.retrotechnology.com/dri/howto_cpm.html How to start with CP/M]
  699 B (90 words) - 19:32, 7 September 2019
• Date and time formats
  ...uman) languages, some are strictly machine-readable, and some are designed to be both machine-readable and human-readable. ... some wag said, "The great thing about standards is that there are so many to choose from!"; not all file formats use the same manner of expressing point
  12 KB (1,926 words) - 04:29, 11 December 2021
• Crunch
  |extensions={{ext|?z?}}, {{ext|zzz}} [[Crunch]] was a method of compressing single files popular on [[CP/M]], devised by Steve Gr
  6 KB (865 words) - 04:14, 28 December 2023
• Base64
  ...best suited for binary data where all byte values from 0 to 255 are likely to occur, and encodes them efficiently (but not easily readably by the "naked A Base64-encoded message part is indicated in its MIME headers (following the
  2 KB (379 words) - 16:52, 11 December 2015
• FidoNet nodediff
  ...e previous nodelist are included; a nodediff processor applies the changes to produce the new nodelist. ... for [[ARJ]], [[LHA|LZH]], or [[RAR]] respectively. New FidoNet nodes need to obtain the full nodelist once upon starting, and receive and apply nodediff
  2 KB (259 words) - 06:38, 2 December 2021
• BARF
  ...repeatedly on a file and always achieve greater compression, until you get a file of zero bytes in all cases. How do you decompress those files? Well, B ... just aren't a sufficient number of shorter bit sequences to encode all of a longer one.
  3 KB (539 words) - 19:49, 6 June 2017
• GW-BASIC tokenized file
  ...rying claims existing about what the GW stands for, either the initials of a Microsoft employee (Greg Whitten) involved in adapting it from Bill Gates' ...anness|little-endian]] integer and two bytes containing the line number as a little-endian integer.
  8 KB (1,187 words) - 01:41, 6 May 2024
• Telephone numbering
  ...ing from the old-fashioned wire-based "Plain Old Telephone Service" (POTS) to mobile networks, voice-over-IP (VOIP), and other services. ...xpressed with letters in the exchange part, which translated to numbers in a scheme shown on the phone dials, but eventually all-digit numbers were used
  6 KB (1,018 words) - 20:04, 23 April 2015
• Endianness
  ...ties in binary formats. OK, that sounds pretty "techie"... let's step back a bit and explain the concept. ... call them "32-bit processors", and so on). That's good, since if you want to do math on numbers higher than 255, you need more bits.
  5 KB (856 words) - 19:31, 23 August 2017
• Opus-CBCS
  '''Opus-CBCS''' (Opus Computer Based Conversation System) is a bulletin board system (BBS) program that runs under MS-DOS. It was popular ... Opus versions (e.g., the conversion of file lists from flat text files to a database format).
  25 KB (4,072 words) - 14:11, 11 February 2020
• Compress (Unix)
  |extensions={{ext|Z}} :''This article is about a specific file format. For compression in general, see [[Compression]].''
  2 KB (307 words) - 05:14, 28 December 2023
• XPM
  ... of some programs. Except for the little-used XPM version 2, it doubles as a fragment of [[C]] program code. Unfortunately, this leads to some confusion.
  5 KB (690 words) - 04:21, 28 December 2023
• Kodak
  '''Kodak''' was once a very important photographic company who manufactured the first digital SLRs ...l on their site] that may help to convert these files, but it's only known to run on Windows 95 and other obsolete operating systems.
  4 KB (543 words) - 04:41, 28 December 2023
• Sinclair BASIC tokenized file
  '''Sinclair BASIC''' is a dialect of the [[BASIC]] programming language created by Nine Tiles Network ...SHIFT to access extended mode, keeping SYMBOL SHIFT held down and pressing Z.
  16 KB (2,470 words) - 15:35, 15 February 2020
• Atari graphics formats
  This is a list of graphics formats used on Atari 8-bit, ST, Falcon, and Portfolio com ...ck the file transparently to the user. On a PC, this would be like zipping a file called "example.txt", calling the resulting file "example.txt", and ha
  12 KB (1,673 words) - 03:50, 18 February 2024
• Boxes/atoms format
  ...[[RIFF]]. In some descriptions of it, the primary data structure is called a ''box'', and in others it's called an ''atom''. ...data, and some contain other boxes. The only way to tell which is which is to have knowledge of the specific application format.
  5 KB (821 words) - 23:24, 14 September 2023
• JCL
  ... one for the lineage including z/VSE and the one for the lineage including z/OS, which both descend from different systems within the 360 family. The [[ ...p://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/epubs/pdf/iea2b540.pdf MVS JCL User's Guide] - z/OS (5694-A01), 2004
  747 B (114 words) - 20:33, 1 January 2014
• 7-Zip
  ... application. It can decode many compression and archiving formats. It has a native compressed archive format named [[7z]]. 7-Zip doesn't seem to provide good information about what formats it supports, so this list may n
  2 KB (330 words) - 14:04, 28 October 2023
• PKWARE DCL Implode
  ...sed data format associated with ''PKWARE Data Compression Library'' (DCL), a commercial data compression software product. It is not the only format sup ..."explode" are sometimes used in association with this format. When used as a file format, it may be identified as [[TTCOMP]].
  3 KB (467 words) - 14:10, 13 February 2023
• FWKCS
  ...y more bits in it than the hash, and hence many more possible values), but a well-chosen hash algorithm will rarely produce collisions in actual data. ...bit of notoriety in the 2010s when it was cited as prior art to invalidate a group of patents regarding the use of file signature values in web platform
  3 KB (529 words) - 16:45, 10 December 2016
• PGP public key
  ... an .asc file. It is then used by [[PGP]] software to encrypt some data or to confirm the signature signed by the associated private key. The second line normally describes the software used to generate the key, and the third line is empty.
  9 KB (979 words) - 15:01, 28 December 2023
• Oracle database error messages/11
  | conforms to = | The Cluster Health Monitor repository retention time cannot be changed due to lack of disk space on node string.
  130 KB (18,388 words) - 00:50, 21 August 2019
• Img Software Set
  |extensions={{ext|p}}, {{ext|a}}, {{ext|r}}, {{ext|g}}, {{ext|b}} ...e Set''' is an image processing toolkit developed by Paul Raveling. It has a native image format, which often uses multiple files per image.
  1 KB (163 words) - 15:34, 4 May 2016
• ZSCII
  ...is the character encoding used in Infocom games, in conjunction with the [[Z-code]] game file format. ...rds) for the dual purposes of compactness and obscurity (making it so that a raw file dump doesn't immediately reveal any ASCII-like strings).
  1 KB (161 words) - 03:25, 22 April 2019
• Farbfeld Utilities
  ... own native format is [[farbfeld]], although this is not the first program to use that format. Most of the utilities are self-contained, although a few use other libraries, such as the PNG encoder and decoder which use Lode
  4 KB (499 words) - 16:18, 8 November 2023
• InstallShield installer archive
  ...e>_inst16.ex_</code>. Rarely, filenames <code>_inst32a.ex_</code> (related to Windows NT for DEC Alpha) and <code>_inst32m.ex_</code> (MIPS) may be found It is not to be confused with [[InstallShield CAB]], [[InstallShield Z]], or [[MS-DOS installation compression]].
  2 KB (212 words) - 02:55, 28 December 2023
• ZIL
  ...[ZAP]] (via a compiler that's apparently lost; however, see ZILF below for a new working compiler). ...guage for new development has been spurred by the release in April 2019 of a large collection of Infocom source code.
  1 KB (202 words) - 01:18, 10 June 2019
• MilkShape 3D
  ...anyone from thereafter, its primary potential use is in converting between a relatively large number (around 50) of these formats. In addition to the models ''per se'', MilkShake 3D can also convert skeletons and animatio
  4 KB (569 words) - 09:06, 20 January 2020
• SCO compress LZH
  |extensions={{ext|Z}} ...ly has a better compression ratio. The <code>-H</code> option must be used to create such files.
  1 KB (158 words) - 02:55, 28 December 2023
• Quasijarus Strong Compression
  |extensions={{ext|Z}} ... file format associated with the Quasijarus Project and 4.3BSD-Quasijarus (a Unix operating system). Files can be created using that system's version of
  1,019 B (127 words) - 02:54, 28 December 2023
• TERSE
  ... OS/2, and on IBM mainframes. It is still in regular use on IBM mainframes to this day. More research is needed to understand the scope of what TERSE was used for, and how many versions of i
  3 KB (445 words) - 15:26, 26 December 2023
• VTOC
  ... operating systems z/OS (previously called OS/390 and before that MVS) and z/VSE (formerly known as DOS/VSE). It originates with the OS/360 mainframe op ...e same. On z/OS, the VTOC filesystem stores "datasets" whereas "files" (or to use their full name, "Unix files") are stored inside the Unix-compatible HF
  1 KB (212 words) - 11:31, 2 January 2021
• HFS (IBM)
  :Not to be confused with Apple's [[HFS]] filesystem ...rchical File System''') is a Unix filesystem supported on IBM's OS/390 and z/OS mainframe operating systems.
  427 B (57 words) - 11:35, 2 January 2021
• ZFS (IBM)
  :Not to be confused with Sun's [[ZFS]] filesystem '''zFS''' is a Unix filesystem supported on IBM's OS/390 and z/OS mainframe operating systems.
  467 B (67 words) - 12:46, 2 January 2021