ZCI

File Format
Name	ZCI
Ontology	Electronic File Formats Video ZCI
Extension(s)	.zci
Released	≤1994

.ZCI is a multimedia-related aggregate format that was mainly used on educational CD-ROMs by Zane Publishing. It is sometimes called PowerCD Multimedia format.

[More research is needed to understand the nature of this format.]

Specification

A partial specification of the format is below:

• Files start with ASCII "CRRW".
• Unknown, likely a version (unsigned int)
• Table of contents offset (unsigned int)
• File count (unsigned int)

The purpose of the bytes between 16-2096 is unknown. It includes file offsets, but often skips files or contains sequences with low values. File data appears to always begin at an offset of 2096.

The Table of contents appears at the end of the file and has entries in the format:

• File name (8.3 format, null-padded)
• unk1 (unsigned int)
• Offset (unsigned int)

Each entry's offset refers to another structure within the file with the following format:

• File name (8.3 format, null-padded)
• unk2 (byte, often zero)
• unk3 (unsigned int)
• File size (unsigned int)
• unk4 (unsigned int)
• unk5 (unsigned int)

Entry notes:

• Entries often being with the magic bytes CRCW.
• Entry data appears to be in a custom format (as noted by the extension not matching the data, i.e. a GIF file does not contain the expected GIF signature).
• Assumed the entries are compressed, although an attempt using common compression methods did not yield any results.

Extract

The following Python source can be used to partially inspect and extract files within a .zci file:

import struct
import os

header_format = '<4sIII'
header_format_size = struct.calcsize(header_format)

entry_format = '<13sII'
entry_format_size = struct.calcsize(entry_format)

file_data_format = '<13sbIIII'
file_data_format_size = struct.calcsize(file_data_format)

with open('PRESBASE.ZCI', 'rb') as f:
	[magic_bytes, version, table_offset, file_count] = struct.unpack(header_format, f.read(header_format_size))
	
	print("Magic bytes: {}".format(magic_bytes))
	print("Version: {}".format(version))
	print("Table offset: {}".format(table_offset))
	print("File count: {}".format(file_count))
	
	assert magic_bytes == b'CRRW'
	assert version == 2
	assert table_offset > 0
	assert file_count > 0

	entries = {}
	f.seek(table_offset)

	for _ in range(file_count):
		[file_name_bytes, unk1, offset] = struct.unpack(entry_format, f.read(entry_format_size))
		file_name = file_name_bytes.decode('ascii').rstrip('\x00')

		entries[file_name] = {
			'file_name': file_name,
			'unk1': unk1,
			'offset': offset,
		}
	
	for key, entry in entries.items():
		f.seek(entry['offset'])
		[file_name_bytes, unk2, unk3, file_size, unk4, unk5] = struct.unpack(file_data_format, f.read(file_data_format_size))
		file_name = file_name_bytes.decode('ascii').rstrip('\x00')
		assert file_name == entry['file_name']

		file_data = f.read(file_size)
		
		entries[key].update({
			'unk2': unk2,
			'unk3': unk3,
			'unk4': unk4,
			'unk5': unk5,
			'file_size': file_size,
			'file_data': file_data,
		})

	for key, entry in entries.items():
		with open(os.path.join('output', key), 'wb+') as f:
			f.write(entry['file_data'])

Sample files

On some disks, the same file is provided for both Mac and PC use, however these files appear identication.

• Examples of CDs containing ZCI files: [1], [2], [3]

Links

• .zci info from FileInfo.com