The Unarchiver
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The Unarchiver is free software for extracting from various archive and compressed file formats. There is a GUI version for macOS only, and command line tools that are cross-platform.
The extractor command is named unar. On some GNU/Linux distributions, this can be obtained through the unar package.
Source code is available, at least for some components, for some versions. The Unarchiver was acquired by MacPaw in 2017, and the license was changed to be more restrictive.