PICT
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|extensions={{ext|pict}}, {{ext|pct}}, {{ext|pic}} | |extensions={{ext|pict}}, {{ext|pct}}, {{ext|pic}} | ||
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/341}}, {{PRONOM|x-fmt/80}} | |pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/341}}, {{PRONOM|x-fmt/80}} | ||
+ | |wikidata={{wikidata|Q2044200}} | ||
+ | |released=1984 | ||
}} | }} | ||
− | '''PICT''', or '''QuickDraw/PICT''', is a graphics | + | '''PICT''', or '''QuickDraw/PICT''', is a graphics format native to Macintosh computers. It is associated with the QuickDraw API. |
− | + | Though it is a vector format, it is often used as if it were a raster format. Many files contain just a single bitmap image. | |
− | + | PICT format is complicated and quirky. Although plenty of documentation about it exists, there does not appear to be any single source that provides a reasonably clear and complete specification. | |
+ | |||
+ | == Format details == | ||
+ | When PICT is used as a standalone file format, the file usually starts with an unused 512-byte header, usually with all bytes set to 0. When PICT is embedded as a resource inside some other format, this header is usually not present. | ||
== Identification == | == Identification == | ||
− | + | A version 1 PICT file has (hex) bytes {{magic|11 01}} at offset 522 (or 10 if there is no header), and should end with {{magic|ff}}. | |
+ | |||
+ | A version 2 PICT file has bytes {{magic|00 11 02 ff 0c 00}} at offset 522 (or 10 if there is no header), and should end with {{magic|00 ff}}. | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Application data == | ||
+ | Custom application data can be stored in PICT files by using the "LongComment" opcode. Each comment has an integer that identifies its "kind". | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [http://www.opennt.net/projects/opennt/repository/revisions/26/entry/trunk/com/ole32/olecnv32/qdcoment.i A file with a list of comment kinds] | ||
+ | |||
+ | Notable comment kinds: | ||
+ | * 100 is an Application Comment (see below). | ||
+ | * 220 is used for [[ICC profile]] data. | ||
+ | * 498 appears to be related to [[Photoshop]], though it might also be used for other things. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The "kind" does little to identify the application, or prevent collisions. A better way is to use kind 100, which has a standard way to include a 4-byte application signature. | ||
− | + | == Related formats == | |
+ | * Many bitmap images are compressed using [[PackBits]]. | ||
+ | * Opcodes 0x8200 and 0x8201 use a format based on [[QuickTime]] or [[QTIF]]. This, in turn, is often used as a wrapper for an image in [[JPEG]] format. | ||
+ | * [[Macintosh resource file]] - Often contains "PICT" resources in this format | ||
+ | * PICT is used for graphics stored within [[Keynote]] documents. | ||
+ | * [[Encapsulated PostScript]] | ||
== Specifications == | == Specifications == | ||
+ | * [https://developer.apple.com/legacy/library/documentation/mac/pdf/ImagingWithQuickDraw.pdf Inside Macintosh: Imaging With QuickDraw] | ||
* [http://show.docjava.com/posterous/file/2012/07/9614410-DOC01.PDF PICT File Format Notes] | * [http://show.docjava.com/posterous/file/2012/07/9614410-DOC01.PDF PICT File Format Notes] | ||
− | * [ | + | * [http://web.archive.org/web/20010703041301/http://developer.apple.com/technotes/qd/qd_14.html Macintosh Technical Note QD14 (a.k.a. TN21)]: QuickDraw's Internal Picture Definition - PICT version 1 (from archive.org) |
+ | * [ftp://ftp.oreilly.com/pub/examples/9781565920583/CDROM/GFF/VENDSPEC/MACPIC/PICT.ZIP PICT.ZIP] - Probably a lot of information here, but in inconvenient formats | ||
+ | * [http://web.archive.org/web/20010422094136/http://developer.apple.com/technotes/qd/qd_06.html Macintosh Technical Note QD06 (a.k.a TN181)]: Every Picture [Comment] Tells Its Story, Don't It? - PICT Application Comments (from archive.org) | ||
+ | * [http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/ScientificSoftware/Utility/TiffTags/ICC-tag.pdf HELIOS ICC profile tagging specifications] - Tells how to embed an ICC profile in a PICT file | ||
== Software == | == Software == | ||
+ | * [https://www.libreoffice.org/ LibreOffice] | ||
+ | * [[Scribus]] | ||
* [[Netpbm]] | * [[Netpbm]] | ||
* [[ImageMagick]] | * [[ImageMagick]] | ||
+ | * [http://www.irfanview.com/ IrfanView] | ||
+ | * {{Deark}} | ||
== Sample files == | == Sample files == | ||
* http://www.fileformat.info/format/macpict/sample/index.htm | * http://www.fileformat.info/format/macpict/sample/index.htm | ||
− | * http://cd.textfiles.com/fantaziasampler/CLIPART/PCT/ | + | * http://cd.textfiles.com/cdreview/cdreview66/PCT01_01/PC0101P/ |
+ | * http://cd.textfiles.com/fantaziasampler/CLIPART/PCT/ - Version 1 | ||
+ | * http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/geology/lazarus/ch7/pict_plots/ - Vector-only PICTs | ||
+ | * https://telparia.com/fileFormatSamples/image/test.pict | ||
== Resources == | == Resources == | ||
* {{EGFF|macpict|Macintosh PICT File Format Summary}}, from the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]] | * {{EGFF|macpict|Macintosh PICT File Format Summary}}, from the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]] | ||
− | * [ | + | * [https://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/TagNames/PICT.html ExifTool: PICT Tags] |
* [[Wikipedia:PICT|Wikipedia article]] | * [[Wikipedia:PICT|Wikipedia article]] | ||
[[Category:Macintosh]] | [[Category:Macintosh]] |
Revision as of 16:49, 26 May 2020
PICT, or QuickDraw/PICT, is a graphics format native to Macintosh computers. It is associated with the QuickDraw API.
Though it is a vector format, it is often used as if it were a raster format. Many files contain just a single bitmap image.
PICT format is complicated and quirky. Although plenty of documentation about it exists, there does not appear to be any single source that provides a reasonably clear and complete specification.
Contents |
Format details
When PICT is used as a standalone file format, the file usually starts with an unused 512-byte header, usually with all bytes set to 0. When PICT is embedded as a resource inside some other format, this header is usually not present.
Identification
A version 1 PICT file has (hex) bytes 11 01
at offset 522 (or 10 if there is no header), and should end with ff
.
A version 2 PICT file has bytes 00 11 02 ff 0c 00
at offset 522 (or 10 if there is no header), and should end with 00 ff
.
Application data
Custom application data can be stored in PICT files by using the "LongComment" opcode. Each comment has an integer that identifies its "kind".
Notable comment kinds:
- 100 is an Application Comment (see below).
- 220 is used for ICC profile data.
- 498 appears to be related to Photoshop, though it might also be used for other things.
The "kind" does little to identify the application, or prevent collisions. A better way is to use kind 100, which has a standard way to include a 4-byte application signature.
Related formats
- Many bitmap images are compressed using PackBits.
- Opcodes 0x8200 and 0x8201 use a format based on QuickTime or QTIF. This, in turn, is often used as a wrapper for an image in JPEG format.
- Macintosh resource file - Often contains "PICT" resources in this format
- PICT is used for graphics stored within Keynote documents.
- Encapsulated PostScript
Specifications
- Inside Macintosh: Imaging With QuickDraw
- PICT File Format Notes
- Macintosh Technical Note QD14 (a.k.a. TN21): QuickDraw's Internal Picture Definition - PICT version 1 (from archive.org)
- PICT.ZIP - Probably a lot of information here, but in inconvenient formats
- Macintosh Technical Note QD06 (a.k.a TN181): Every Picture [Comment] Tells Its Story, Don't It? - PICT Application Comments (from archive.org)
- HELIOS ICC profile tagging specifications - Tells how to embed an ICC profile in a PICT file
Software
Sample files
- http://www.fileformat.info/format/macpict/sample/index.htm
- http://cd.textfiles.com/cdreview/cdreview66/PCT01_01/PC0101P/
- http://cd.textfiles.com/fantaziasampler/CLIPART/PCT/ - Version 1
- http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/geology/lazarus/ch7/pict_plots/ - Vector-only PICTs
- https://telparia.com/fileFormatSamples/image/test.pict