Audio and Music

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|caption=Musical notation
 
|caption=Musical notation
 
}}
 
}}
 
== Introduction ==
 
 
[[Electronic_File_Formats|Electronic Formats]] concerned with audio and musical data, including sound recording, instrument control, musical notation, etc.
 
[[Electronic_File_Formats|Electronic Formats]] concerned with audio and musical data, including sound recording, instrument control, musical notation, etc.
  
 +
For additional multimedia formats that may contain audio, see [[Video]].
 +
 +
== Introduction ==
 
* For an excellent introduction to the issues around audio and video formats, see [http://www.avpreserve.com/blog/a-primer-on-codecs-for-moving-image-and-sound-archives-2/ A Primer on Codecs for Moving Image and Sound Archives - and 10 Recommendations for Codec Selection & Management] [http://www.avpreserve.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/AVPS_Codec_Primer.pdf PDF version]
 
* For an excellent introduction to the issues around audio and video formats, see [http://www.avpreserve.com/blog/a-primer-on-codecs-for-moving-image-and-sound-archives-2/ A Primer on Codecs for Moving Image and Sound Archives - and 10 Recommendations for Codec Selection & Management] [http://www.avpreserve.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/AVPS_Codec_Primer.pdf PDF version]
 
* [http://www.garymcgath.com/streamingprotocols.html Basics of streaming protocols]
 
* [http://www.garymcgath.com/streamingprotocols.html Basics of streaming protocols]
 +
 +
== Album formats ==
 +
(files containing entire music albums, with some track structure)
 +
* [[Connected Media Experience]] (CME, CMX)
 +
* [[iTunes LP]]
  
 
== Audio and sequencer software ==
 
== Audio and sequencer software ==
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** [[SimSynth Preset]] (.syn)
 
** [[SimSynth Preset]] (.syn)
 
** [[Speech Preset]] (.speech)
 
** [[Speech Preset]] (.speech)
* [[GarageBand]] (Mac) (.band)
+
* GarageBand (Mac)
 +
** [[GarageBand project]] (.band, .gbproj)
 +
** [[Magic GarageBand template]] (.wand)
 +
** [[GarageBand MagicMentor template]] (.mwand)
 +
* [[Hydrogen]] (.h2song, .h2pattern)
 
* [[Jacker song]]
 
* [[Jacker song]]
 
* Jeskola Buzz
 
* Jeskola Buzz
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* Pro Tools
 
* Pro Tools
 
** [[PTS]] (Pro Tools 7-9)  
 
** [[PTS]] (Pro Tools 7-9)  
** [[PTX]] (Pro Tools 10)
+
** [[PTX (Pro Tools)|PTX]] (Pro Tools 10)
 
* Propellerhead Reason
 
* Propellerhead Reason
 
** [[Propellerhead Reason NN-XT Patch File]] (.sx2)
 
** [[Propellerhead Reason NN-XT Patch File]] (.sx2)
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** [[Propellerhead Reason ReCycle Loop File]] (.rex)
 
** [[Propellerhead Reason ReCycle Loop File]] (.rex)
 
** [[Propellerhead Reason ReFill Sound Bank]] (.rfl)
 
** [[Propellerhead Reason ReFill Sound Bank]] (.rfl)
* Renoise
+
* [[Renoise]]
 
** [[Renoise song]] (.xrns)
 
** [[Renoise song]] (.xrns)
 
** [[Renoise instrument]] (.xrni)
 
** [[Renoise instrument]] (.xrni)
 
** [[Renoise DSP device-chain]] (.xrnt)
 
** [[Renoise DSP device-chain]] (.xrnt)
 +
* Roxio
 +
** [[DMSE]] (Sound Editor project)
 +
** [[DMSA]] (Music Disc Creator project)
 
* SeaTone
 
* SeaTone
 
** [[SeaTone song]] (.pxt)
 
** [[SeaTone song]] (.pxt)
 +
* [[SoundDesigner II]] (.sd2)
 
* Steinberg
 
* Steinberg
 
** [[CUBASE]]
 
** [[CUBASE]]
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** [[DTS-HD]] (Lossless variant of DTS- DTS-HD Master Audio)
 
** [[DTS-HD]] (Lossless variant of DTS- DTS-HD Master Audio)
 
** [[FLAC]] (Free Lossless Audio Codec)
 
** [[FLAC]] (Free Lossless Audio Codec)
 +
** [[Kexis]] (.kxs)
 
** [[LA]] (Lossless Audio)
 
** [[LA]] (Lossless Audio)
 
** [[LiteWave]]
 
** [[LiteWave]]
 
** [[LPAC]] (Lossless Predictive Audio Coding)
 
** [[LPAC]] (Lossless Predictive Audio Coding)
 +
** [[MKW]]
 
** [[MLP]] (Meridian Lossless Packing Audio)
 
** [[MLP]] (Meridian Lossless Packing Audio)
 
** [[Monkey's Audio]] (.ape)
 
** [[Monkey's Audio]] (.ape)
 
** [[MPEG-4 ALS]] (MPEG-4 Audio Lossless Coding)
 
** [[MPEG-4 ALS]] (MPEG-4 Audio Lossless Coding)
 
** [[MPEG-4 SLS]] (MPEG-4 Scalable lossless coding mode)
 
** [[MPEG-4 SLS]] (MPEG-4 Scalable lossless coding mode)
 +
** [[MQA]] (Master Quality Authenticated)
 
** [[OptimFROG]] (.ofr, .ofs)
 
** [[OptimFROG]] (.ofr, .ofs)
 
** [[Perfect Clarity Audio]] (.pca)
 
** [[Perfect Clarity Audio]] (.pca)
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*** [[SPB]] (Yamaha ADPCM)
 
*** [[SPB]] (Yamaha ADPCM)
 
*** [[VOX]]
 
*** [[VOX]]
 +
** [[Adaptive Multi-Rate WideBand Audio]]
 +
** [[Archimedes VIDC audio]]
 
** ATRAC or [[Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding]] (.aa3, .oma, .at3)
 
** ATRAC or [[Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding]] (.aa3, .oma, .at3)
 
** [[Audible Audiobook]] (.aa, .aax)
 
** [[Audible Audiobook]] (.aa, .aax)
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** [[MP2]] (MPEG-1 Audio Layer II)
 
** [[MP2]] (MPEG-1 Audio Layer II)
 
** [[MP3]] (MPEG-1 / MPEG-2 Audio Layer III)
 
** [[MP3]] (MPEG-1 / MPEG-2 Audio Layer III)
 +
*** [[packMP3]]
 
** [[MPA]] (MPEG Audio)
 
** [[MPA]] (MPEG Audio)
 
** [[Musepack Audio]] (.mpc)
 
** [[Musepack Audio]] (.mpc)
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** [[RealAudio]] (.ra)
 
** [[RealAudio]] (.ra)
 
** [[Speex]] (.spx)
 
** [[Speex]] (.spx)
 +
** [[SWA]]
 
** [[Vorbis]] (.logg, .oga, .ogg)
 
** [[Vorbis]] (.logg, .oga, .ogg)
 
** [[WMA]] (Windows Media Audio)
 
** [[WMA]] (Windows Media Audio)
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** [[Memory Stick Voice]] (.msv)
 
** [[Memory Stick Voice]] (.msv)
 
** [[Pono]]
 
** [[Pono]]
 +
* Separated parts of tracks
 +
** [[Stems]]
 
* Uncompressed audio
 
* Uncompressed audio
 
** [[AIFF|AIF / AIFF]] (Audio Interchange File Format)
 
** [[AIFF|AIF / AIFF]] (Audio Interchange File Format)
 
** [[Berkeley/IRCAM/Carl Sound Format]] (.sf)
 
** [[Berkeley/IRCAM/Carl Sound Format]] (.sf)
** [[LPCM]] (Linear Pulse Code Modulated Audio)
+
** [[BWF]] (Broadcast Wave Format; variant of WAV)
 +
** [[DSD]] (Direct Stream Digital) (.dsf)
 
** [[RAW (Audio)|RAW]] (.raw, .pcm)
 
** [[RAW (Audio)|RAW]] (.raw, .pcm)
 +
** [[RF64]] (extended variant of BWF)
 
** [[Sony Wave64]] (.w64)
 
** [[Sony Wave64]] (.w64)
 
** [[WAV]] (Waveform Audio File Format)
 
** [[WAV]] (Waveform Audio File Format)
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** [[Bonk]] (lossy/lossless audio compression)
 
** [[Bonk]] (lossy/lossless audio compression)
 
** [[INRS-Telecom file]] (.aud)
 
** [[INRS-Telecom file]] (.aud)
 +
** [[SIFF]] (.son)
 
** [[SPPACK]] (.d)
 
** [[SPPACK]] (.d)
 
** [[WVE (Psion)]]
 
** [[WVE (Psion)]]
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* [[Core Audio Format]] (.caf)
 
* [[Core Audio Format]] (.caf)
 
* [[Extensible Music Format]] (.xmf)
 
* [[Extensible Music Format]] (.xmf)
 +
* [[IFF]]
 
* [[Matroska Audio]] (.mka)
 
* [[Matroska Audio]] (.mka)
 
* [[MP4]] (MPEG-4 Part 14 media container)
 
* [[MP4]] (MPEG-4 Part 14 media container)
 
* [[Ogg]] (.ogg, .oga, .ogx, .spx, .opus)
 
* [[Ogg]] (.ogg, .oga, .ogx, .spx, .opus)
 +
* [[Qualcomm QCP]] (Purevoice)
 
* [[Rich Music Format]] (.rmf)
 
* [[Rich Music Format]] (.rmf)
 
* [[RealMedia]] (.rm)
 
* [[RealMedia]] (.rm)
 
* [[WebM]] (.webm) (also used for video)
 
* [[WebM]] (.webm) (also used for video)
 +
 +
== Converters ==
 +
 +
* [[Konvertor]]
  
 
== Emulated music ==
 
== Emulated music ==
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* [[3G2]] (3GPP, also a video format)
 
* [[3G2]] (3GPP, also a video format)
 
* [[3GP]] (3GPP, also a video format)
 
* [[3GP]] (3GPP, also a video format)
* [[Atari SoundHeader]] (.sndh)
+
* [[Atari SoundHeader]] (SNDH)
 
* [[AY]] (Amstrad CPC / ZX Spectrum)
 
* [[AY]] (Amstrad CPC / ZX Spectrum)
 +
* [[AZX]] (ZX Spectrum)
 +
* [[Custom Amiga Module]] (CUST)
 
* [[DSF]] (Dreamcast [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
 
* [[DSF]] (Dreamcast [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
 
* [[EPSGMOD]] (.epsgmod, Mod2PSG)
 
* [[EPSGMOD]] (.epsgmod, Mod2PSG)
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* [[KSS]] (MSX)
 
* [[KSS]] (MSX)
 
* [[KSSX]] (Possible expansion of [[KSS]])
 
* [[KSSX]] (Possible expansion of [[KSS]])
* [[MDX]] (Sharp X68000 / MXDRV)
+
* [[MDX (X68000)|MDX]] (Sharp X68000 / MXDRV)
 
* [[NES Sound Format]] (.nsf)
 
* [[NES Sound Format]] (.nsf)
 
* [[NES Sound Format Extended]] (.nsfe)
 
* [[NES Sound Format Extended]] (.nsfe)
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* [[PSF2]] (Playstation 2 [[PSF]])
 
* [[PSF2]] (Playstation 2 [[PSF]])
 
* [[QSF]] (Capcom Q-Sound [[PSF]])
 
* [[QSF]] (Capcom Q-Sound [[PSF]])
 +
* [[SC68]] (Atari ST / Atari STE / Amiga)
 
* [[SGC]] (Sega Master System / Game Gear / Colecovision)
 
* [[SGC]] (Sega Master System / Game Gear / Colecovision)
* [[SID]] (Commodore)
+
* [[SID]] (Commodore 64)
* [[SND]] (Atari ST)
+
 
* [[SPC (Audio)|SPC]] (Super Nintendo SPC700)
 
* [[SPC (Audio)|SPC]] (Super Nintendo SPC700)
 
* [[SSF]] (Sega Saturn [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
 
* [[SSF]] (Sega Saturn [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
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** [[Actionamics Sound Tool]] (.ast)
 
** [[Actionamics Sound Tool]] (.ast)
 
** [[AMOS Music Bank]] (.abk)
 
** [[AMOS Music Bank]] (.abk)
 +
** [[AMOS Memory Bank#AMOS Samples Bank|AMOS Samples Bank]] (.abk)
 +
** [[Amos Basic Konverter]] (.ambk)
 
** [[Art & Magic]] (.aam)
 
** [[Art & Magic]] (.aam)
 
** [[Audio Sculpture]] (.as)
 
** [[Audio Sculpture]] (.as)
 
** [[Beathoven Synthesiser]] (.bss)
 
** [[Beathoven Synthesiser]] (.bss)
 +
** [[Ben Replay]] (.ben)
 
** [[Benn Daglish]] (.bd)
 
** [[Benn Daglish]] (.bd)
 
** [[Benn Daglish SID]] (.bds)
 
** [[Benn Daglish SID]] (.bds)
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** [[FWMP]] (.fw)
 
** [[FWMP]] (.fw)
 
** [[Game Music Creator]] (.gmc)
 
** [[Game Music Creator]] (.gmc)
 +
** [[Gnu Player]] (.gp)
 
** [[Hippel]] (.hip)
 
** [[Hippel]] (.hip)
 
** [[Hippel-COSO]] (.hipc)
 
** [[Hippel-COSO]] (.hipc)
 +
** [[Hornet Packer]] (.hrt)
 
** [[Howie Davies]] (.hd)
 
** [[Howie Davies]] (.hd)
 +
** [[IFF-MAUD]]
 
** [[Images Music System]] (.ims)
 
** [[Images Music System]] (.ims)
 
** [[Infogrames INS]] (.ins)
 
** [[Infogrames INS]] (.ins)
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** [[Jesper Olsen]] (.jo)
 
** [[Jesper Olsen]] (.jo)
 
** [[Jochen Hippel]] (.hip)
 
** [[Jochen Hippel]] (.hip)
 +
** [[Kefrens Sound Machine]] (.ksm)
 
** [[Kris Hatlelid]] (.kh)
 
** [[Kris Hatlelid]] (.kh)
 
** [[Leggless Music Editor]] (.lme)
 
** [[Leggless Music Editor]] (.lme)
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** [[Mugician]] (.mug)
 
** [[Mugician]] (.mug)
 
** [[Mugician II]] (.mug2)
 
** [[Mugician II]] (.mug2)
 +
** [[NoiseRunner]] (.nr)
 
** [[NovoTrade Packer]] (.ntp)
 
** [[NovoTrade Packer]] (.ntp)
 
** [[Pierre Adane Packer]] (.pap)
 
** [[Pierre Adane Packer]] (.pap)
 +
** [[Power Music]] (.pm)
 
** [[Professional Sound Artists]] (.psa)
 
** [[Professional Sound Artists]] (.psa)
** [[Promizer]] (.pr1)
+
** [[Promizer 0.1]] (.pm01)
 +
** [[Promizer 1.0c]] (.pm10)
 +
** [[Promizer 1.8a]] (.pm18)
 +
** [[Promizer 2.0]] (.pm20)
 +
** [[Promizer 4.0]] (.pm40)
 +
** [[ProPacker 1.0]] (.pp10)
 
** [[ProPacker 2.1]] (.pp21)
 
** [[ProPacker 2.1]] (.pp21)
 
** [[ProPacker 3.0]] (.pp30)
 
** [[ProPacker 3.0]] (.pp30)
** [[Prorunner 1.0]] (.prun)
+
** [[Prorunner]] (.prun1, .prun2)
** [[Prorunner 2.0]] (.pru2)
+
 
** [[Richard Joseph]] or Vectordean (.rjp)
 
** [[Richard Joseph]] or Vectordean (.rjp)
 
** [[Rob Hubbard]] (.rh, .rho)
 
** [[Rob Hubbard]] (.rh, .rho)
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** [[Sean Connolly]] (.scn)
 
** [[Sean Connolly]] (.scn)
 
** [[Sean Conran]] (.scr)
 
** [[Sean Conran]] (.scr)
** [[Sidmon]] (.sid)
+
** [[Sidmon]] (.sid, .sid2)
** [[Sidmon II]] (.sid2)
+
 
** [[Silmarils]] (.mok)
 
** [[Silmarils]] (.mok)
 +
** [[SKYT Packer]] (.skyt)
 
** [[Sonic Arranger]] (.sa)
 
** [[Sonic Arranger]] (.sa)
 
** [[Sound Images]] (.tw)
 
** [[Sound Images]] (.tw)
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** [[Steve Barrett]] (.sb)
 
** [[Steve Barrett]] (.sb)
 
** [[Jason Page|Steve Turner]] (.jpo)
 
** [[Jason Page|Steve Turner]] (.jpo)
 +
* [[Star Trekker Packer]] (.stpk)
 
** [[Synth Dream]] (.sdr)
 
** [[Synth Dream]] (.sdr)
 
** [[Synth Pack]] (.osp)
 
** [[Synth Pack]] (.osp)
 
** [[The Musical Enlightenment]] (.tme)
 
** [[The Musical Enlightenment]] (.tme)
** [[The Player 4.x]] (.p4x)
+
** [[The Player]] (.p22a, .p30a, .p40a, .p40b, .p50a, .p60a, .p61a)
** [[The Player 6.x]] (.p6x)
+
** [[Titanics Player]] (.ttp)
 +
** [[Tracker Packer 1]] (.tp1)
 +
** [[Tracker Packer 2]] (.tp2)
 +
** [[Tracker Packer 3]] (.tp3)
 
** [[Thomas Hermann]] (.thm)
 
** [[Thomas Hermann]] (.thm)
 
** [[Wally Beben]] (.wb)
 
** [[Wally Beben]] (.wb)
 +
** [[Wanton Packer]] (.wn)
 +
** [[XANN Packer]] (.xann)
 +
** [[Zen Packer]] (.zen)
 
* CRI Middleware
 
* CRI Middleware
 
** [[ADX]]
 
** [[ADX]]
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** [[Electronic Arts Sound / Speech Files]] (.eas, .sph)
 
** [[Electronic Arts Sound / Speech Files]] (.eas, .sph)
 
** [[IFF]] (Amiga 8SVX)
 
** [[IFF]] (Amiga 8SVX)
 +
*** [[IFF-MAUD]]
 
** [[Sonix Music Driver]] (.smus)
 
** [[Sonix Music Driver]] (.smus)
 
* [[EMFF]] (ADPCM)
 
* [[EMFF]] (ADPCM)
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** [[Epic Megagames MASI]] (.masi, .psm)
 
** [[Epic Megagames MASI]] (.masi, .psm)
 
* [[Final Fantasy XI Music file]] (.bgw)
 
* [[Final Fantasy XI Music file]] (.bgw)
 +
* [[FMOD Sample Bank]] (.fsb)
 
* [[Funcom ISS]]
 
* [[Funcom ISS]]
 
* Galaxy Music System
 
* Galaxy Music System
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** [[DE2]] (ADPCM)
 
** [[DE2]] (ADPCM)
 
** [[Xbox IMA ADPCM]] (.matx, .wavm, .wvs, .xmu, .xvas, .xwav)
 
** [[Xbox IMA ADPCM]] (.matx, .wavm, .wvs, .xmu, .xvas, .xwav)
 +
* Mojang AB (Minecraft)
 +
** [[Minecraft sounds.json]]
 
* Nintendo
 
* Nintendo
 
** [[Advanced Mario Sequencer file]] (.mss)
 
** [[Advanced Mario Sequencer file]] (.mss)
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** [[Mario Sequencer file]] (.msq)
 
** [[Mario Sequencer file]] (.msq)
 
** [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AAAP]]
 
** [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AAAP]]
** [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii ADP]] (Nintendo Gamecube)
+
** [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii ADP]] (Nintendo Gamecube) (.adp)
 
** [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AFC]] (Nintendo Gamecube)
 
** [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AFC]] (Nintendo Gamecube)
 
** [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AGSC]] (.agsc)
 
** [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AGSC]] (.agsc)
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* Origin Software
 
* Origin Software
 
** [[Ultima 6 Music]] (.m)
 
** [[Ultima 6 Music]] (.m)
 +
* PC-98 and PC-88
 +
** [[Professional Music Driver PMD]] (.m, .m2)
 
* Pixel
 
* Pixel
 
** [[PMD (Pixel)]]
 
** [[PMD (Pixel)]]
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* [[Sound Images Generation 2]] (.sig)
 
* [[Sound Images Generation 2]] (.sig)
 
* [[Sound Interface System]] (.lem)
 
* [[Sound Interface System]] (.lem)
 +
* [[STOS memory bank]] (.mbk)
 
* [[Unreal Music Format]] (.umx)
 
* [[Unreal Music Format]] (.umx)
 
* Union Logic Software Publishing
 
* Union Logic Software Publishing
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* [[XMP Game Module]] (.j2b)
 
* [[XMP Game Module]] (.j2b)
  
== Metadata formats ==
+
== Metadata formats and related data ==
  
 
* [[APE tag]]
 
* [[APE tag]]
 +
* Cue Sheet - See [[CUE and BIN]]
 
* [[Exif]]
 
* [[Exif]]
 
* [[ID3]]
 
* [[ID3]]
 +
* [[ISRC]] (International Standard Recording Code)
 
* [[MDZ]] - strictly not itself a music format, but a metadata file for other music files used by Open Cubic Player. See http://www.cubic.org/player/doc/node72.htm
 
* [[MDZ]] - strictly not itself a music format, but a metadata file for other music files used by Open Cubic Player. See http://www.cubic.org/player/doc/node72.htm
 
* [[Monkey's Audio metadata]] (.apl)
 
* [[Monkey's Audio metadata]] (.apl)
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== Music trackers ==
 
== Music trackers ==
 +
(For more on this subject, listen to [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0nNuUKeh6o Jason Scott Talks His Way Out Of It: The Music Tracker Episode].)
  
 
* [[1tracker module]] (.1tm)
 
* [[1tracker module]] (.1tm)
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* [[Amiga Module]] (.mod)
 
* [[Amiga Module]] (.mod)
 
* [[AProSys module]] (.aps)
 
* [[AProSys module]] (.aps)
* [[Archimedes Tracker module]]
+
* [[Archimedes Tracker module]] (.musx)
 
* [[Arkos Tracker]] (.aks)
 
* [[Arkos Tracker]] (.aks)
 
* [[Art of Noise module]] (.aon)
 
* [[Art of Noise module]] (.aon)
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* [[FAC Soundtracker]] (MSX, extension unknown)
 
* [[FAC Soundtracker]] (MSX, extension unknown)
 
* [[Face the Music module]] (.ftm)
 
* [[Face the Music module]] (.ftm)
* [[FamiTracker module]] (.ftm)
+
* Famitracker
 +
** [[FamiTracker module]] (.ftm)
 +
** [[FamiTracker instrument]] (.fti)
 
* Farandole Composer
 
* Farandole Composer
 
** [[Farandole Form 2.0]] (.f2r)
 
** [[Farandole Form 2.0]] (.f2r)
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* Future Composer
 
* Future Composer
 
** [[Future Composer v1.x module]] (.fc)
 
** [[Future Composer v1.x module]] (.fc)
 +
** [[Future Composer v1.3 module]] (.fc13)
 +
** [[Future Composer v1.4 module]] (.fc14)
 
* Future Composer (BSI)
 
* Future Composer (BSI)
 
** [[Future Composer (BSI) module]]
 
** [[Future Composer (BSI) module]]
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* [[MOD Edit sample]] (.sam)
 
* [[MOD Edit sample]] (.sam)
 
* [[Module Protector + noID]] (.mp)
 
* [[Module Protector + noID]] (.mp)
 +
* Microdeal Quartet
 +
** [[4V]]
 
* Moonblaster (MSX)
 
* Moonblaster (MSX)
 
** [[Moonblaster music]] (.mbm)
 
** [[Moonblaster music]] (.mbm)
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** [[OctaMED v5 module]] (.mmd2)
 
** [[OctaMED v5 module]] (.mmd2)
 
** [[OctaMED SS module]] (.mmd3)
 
** [[OctaMED SS module]] (.mmd3)
 +
** [[MED Packer]] (.mmdc)
 
* Oktalyzer
 
* Oktalyzer
 
** [[Oktalyzer module]] (.okt, .okta)
 
** [[Oktalyzer module]] (.okt, .okta)
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** [[Real Tracker module]] (.rtm)
 
** [[Real Tracker module]] (.rtm)
 
** [[Real Tracker sample]] (.rts)
 
** [[Real Tracker sample]] (.rts)
* Renoise
+
* [[Renoise]]
 +
** [[Renoise|Renoise song (XRNS)]] (.xrns)
 +
** [[Renoise|Renoise instrument (XRNS)]] (.xrni)
 +
** [[Renoise|Renoise effect chain (XRNT)]] (.xrnt)
 
** [[Renoise Song (NTK)]] (.ntk)
 
** [[Renoise Song (NTK)]] (.ntk)
** [[Renoise Song (PTK]] (.ptk)
+
** [[Renoise Song (PTK)]] (.ptk)
** [[Renoise Song (RNS]] (.rns)
+
** [[Renoise Song (RNS)]] (.rns)
** [[Renoise Song (XRNS)]] (.xrns)
+
 
* [[SBStudio module]] (.pac, .son, .sou)
 
* [[SBStudio module]] (.pac, .son, .sou)
 
* SCC Blaffer NT
 
* SCC Blaffer NT
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* [[SQ-Tracker module]] (.sqt)
 
* [[SQ-Tracker module]] (.sqt)
 
* [[Starkos Tracker module]] (.sks)
 
* [[Starkos Tracker module]] (.sks)
* [[StarTrekker / Star Tracker module]] (.mod, .nt)
+
* [[StarTrekker / Star Tracker module]] (.mod, .nt, .flt4)
 
* [[SunVox module]] (.sunvox)
 
* [[SunVox module]] (.sunvox)
 
* TFMX
 
* TFMX
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** [[Theta Music Composer v2.x module]] (.tm2)
 
** [[Theta Music Composer v2.x module]] (.tm2)
 
* [[Trackerpacker 3 module]] (.tp3)
 
* [[Trackerpacker 3 module]] (.tp3)
 +
* [[Unic Tracker 1.0]] (.unic1)
 +
* [[Unic Tracker 2.0]] (.unic2)
 
* [[Ultra Tracker]] (.ult)
 
* [[Ultra Tracker]] (.ult)
 
* [[Velvet Studio AMS v1.x module]] (.ams)
 
* [[Velvet Studio AMS v1.x module]] (.ams)
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** [[EVT]] - Part of the [[ELECTONE]] format.
 
** [[EVT]] - Part of the [[ELECTONE]] format.
 
* MIDI & Clones
 
* MIDI & Clones
 +
** [[Compact MIDI]]
 
** [[GMD]] ([[MIDI]] clone)
 
** [[GMD]] ([[MIDI]] clone)
 +
** [[Gravis Ultrasound patch]] (used by MIDI synthesizers)
 
** [[HMI]] ([[MIDI]] clone)
 
** [[HMI]] ([[MIDI]] clone)
 
** [[HMP]] ([[MIDI]] clone)
 
** [[HMP]] ([[MIDI]] clone)
Line 770: Line 847:
 
** [[MIZ]] (Compressed [[MIDI]])
 
** [[MIZ]] (Compressed [[MIDI]])
 
** [[MSS (MIDI)|MSS]] ([[MIDI]] Clone)
 
** [[MSS (MIDI)|MSS]] ([[MIDI]] Clone)
 +
** [[RIFF MIDI]]
 +
** [[RIFF MIDS]]
 
** [[Scalable Polyphony MIDI]]
 
** [[Scalable Polyphony MIDI]]
 +
** [[SFARK]] (SoundFont archive compressed file)
 +
** [[SoundFont 1.0]]
 +
** [[SoundFont 2.0]] (.sf2)
 +
** [[Synthetic Music Application Format]]
 
** [[XMI (Extended MIDI)]]
 
** [[XMI (Extended MIDI)]]
 
** [[ZIPI]] (proposed MIDI replacement)
 
** [[ZIPI]] (proposed MIDI replacement)
Line 864: Line 947:
 
== Musical notation ==
 
== Musical notation ==
  
 +
* [[Drum tablature]]
 
* [[Guitar tablatures]]
 
* [[Guitar tablatures]]
 
** [[ASCII tab]] (.tab, .btab, .txt)
 
** [[ASCII tab]] (.tab, .btab, .txt)
Line 880: Line 964:
 
* [[Musical notation]]
 
* [[Musical notation]]
 
** [[ABC (musical notation)]]
 
** [[ABC (musical notation)]]
 +
** [[ANSI Music]]
 
** Capella
 
** Capella
 
*** [[CAP]]
 
*** [[CAP]]
 
*** [[CapXML]] (.capx)
 
*** [[CapXML]] (.capx)
 
** [[ChordML]]
 
** [[ChordML]]
 +
** [[ConcertWare]]
 
** Copyist
 
** Copyist
 
*** [[CP4]]
 
*** [[CP4]]
Line 947: Line 1,033:
 
** [[Theta]]
 
** [[Theta]]
 
** [[Tilia]]
 
** [[Tilia]]
 +
** [[VexTab]]
 
** [[Virtual Musician Markup Language]]
 
** [[Virtual Musician Markup Language]]
 
** [[WEDELMUSIC]]
 
** [[WEDELMUSIC]]
Line 962: Line 1,049:
 
* [[KPL]] (Kazaa Playlist Format)
 
* [[KPL]] (Kazaa Playlist Format)
 
* [[M3U]] (Multimedia Playlist Format)
 
* [[M3U]] (Multimedia Playlist Format)
* [[MAGMA]] (Magnet URI)
+
* [[MAGMA]] ([[Magnet URI]])
 
* [[MOD4WIN Module List]] (.mol)
 
* [[MOD4WIN Module List]] (.mol)
 
* [[PLS]] (Multimedia Playlist)
 
* [[PLS]] (Multimedia Playlist)
* [[RAM]] (RealAudio)
+
* [[RAM (RealAudio)]]
 
* [[SMIL]] (W3C open standard)
 
* [[SMIL]] (W3C open standard)
* [[WPL]] (Windows Media Playlist)
+
* [[Windows Media Metafile]] (.asx, .wax, .wxv)
 +
* [[Windows Media Playlist]] (.wpl)
 
* [[XML Sharable Playlist]]
 
* [[XML Sharable Playlist]]
  
 
== Programming languages and APIs (audio/music-specific) ==
 
== Programming languages and APIs (audio/music-specific) ==
  
 +
* [[ChucK]] (.ck)
 +
* [[Csound]] (.csd, .orc, .sco)
 +
* Cycling 74 [[Max]] (.maxpat, .max)
 +
* [[FAUST]] (.dsp)
 
* [[Music Macro Language]]
 
* [[Music Macro Language]]
 +
* Native Instruments [[Reaktor]] (.rkplr)
 +
* [[Pure Data]] (.pd)
 +
* [[Scala (music software)]] (.kbm, .scl, .cmd)
 +
* [[SuperCollider]] (.scd, .sc)
 
* [[WaveGL]]
 
* [[WaveGL]]
 
* [[Web Audio API]]
 
* [[Web Audio API]]
Line 982: Line 1,078:
 
* [[Polyphonic ringtone]]
 
* [[Polyphonic ringtone]]
 
* [[RTTTL]]
 
* [[RTTTL]]
 +
 +
== Signal processing ==
 +
 +
These aren't specific file formats, but generic mathematical methods used by other file formats.
 +
 +
* [[A-law]]
 +
* [[ADPCM]]
 +
* [[DPCM]]
 +
* [[LPCM]]
 +
* [[Pulse code modulation]]
 +
* [[µ-law]] (u-law)
  
 
== Sound card related formats ==
 
== Sound card related formats ==
  
 
* [[CMS (Creative Music System)]]
 
* [[CMS (Creative Music System)]]
 +
 +
== Speech synthesis ==
 +
 +
* [[Speech Synthesis Markup Language]] (SSML)
 +
* [[VoiceDescription]] (OS X)
  
 
== Unclassified (need to move to other categories) ==
 
== Unclassified (need to move to other categories) ==
Line 991: Line 1,103:
 
* [[ACM]] (Audio Compression Manager)
 
* [[ACM]] (Audio Compression Manager)
 
* [[ADM]] (ADM Audio File)
 
* [[ADM]] (ADM Audio File)
 +
* [[Audfprint fingerprint file]] (.afpk)
 +
* [[AVR]]
 
* [[B1S]]
 
* [[B1S]]
 
* [[BDSP]] (BotDetect Sound Package)
 
* [[BDSP]] (BotDetect Sound Package)
 
* [[BVG]]
 
* [[BVG]]
 
* [[CBD2]]
 
* [[CBD2]]
 +
* [[DeskMate Music]] (.sng)
 +
* [[DeskMate Sound]] (.snd)
 
* [[DSM]] (DSIK Internal)
 
* [[DSM]] (DSIK Internal)
 
* [[DSPW]]
 
* [[DSPW]]
Line 1,014: Line 1,130:
 
* [[MSF]]
 
* [[MSF]]
 
* [[MTAF]]
 
* [[MTAF]]
 +
* [[The Music Studio|Music Studio, The]] (Activision / Audio Light) (.sng, .song, .mss, .snd, .sound)
 
* [[S98]] (NEC PC-98)
 
* [[S98]] (NEC PC-98)
 
* [[SD]] (ESPS sampled data file)
 
* [[SD]] (ESPS sampled data file)
* [[SFARK]] (SoundFont archive compressed file)
+
* [[SGI (Sound Generator)|SGI]] (Sound Generator 3.0 instrument)
* [[SoundFont 1.0]]
+
* [[SoundFont 2.0]] (.sf2)
+
* [[SGI]] (Sound Generator 3.0 instrument)
+
 
* [[SNG (SCC Musixx)|SNG]] (SCC Musixx)
 
* [[SNG (SCC Musixx)|SNG]] (SCC Musixx)
 
* [[Sound Effect Editor]] (.see, MSX)
 
* [[Sound Effect Editor]] (.see, MSX)
 +
* [[SoundHelix XML]]
 
* [[TFMX]] (TFMX)
 
* [[TFMX]] (TFMX)
 
* [[Vivaldi]] (RISC OS)
 
* [[Vivaldi]] (RISC OS)
Line 1,050: Line 1,165:
 
* [http://mediaarea.net/en/MediaInfo MediaInfo: software that shows metadata for audio/video files]
 
* [http://mediaarea.net/en/MediaInfo MediaInfo: software that shows metadata for audio/video files]
 
* [http://www.bl.uk/projects/save-our-sounds Save our Sounds]
 
* [http://www.bl.uk/projects/save-our-sounds Save our Sounds]
 +
* [http://www.davidsystems.com/#tools David Systems tools: includes online loudness analysis of sound files]
 +
* [http://createdigitalmusic.com/2015/07/next-web-standard-music-notation/ The next Web standard could be music notation]
 +
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_3d1x2VPxk How Oldschool Sound/Music worked] (video)
 +
* [http://www.crutchfield.com/S-ulligiNLBZf/learn/learningcenter/home/hometheater_surround.html Understanding surround sound formats]
 +
* [http://www.righto.com/2017/04/reverse-engineering-76477-space.html Reverse engineering the 76477 "Space Invaders" sound effect chip from die photos]
  
 
[[Category:Audio and Music| ]]
 
[[Category:Audio and Music| ]]

Revision as of 17:35, 26 May 2020

File Format
Name Audio and Music
Ontology

Musical notation

Musical notation

Electronic Formats concerned with audio and musical data, including sound recording, instrument control, musical notation, etc.

For additional multimedia formats that may contain audio, see Video.

Contents

Introduction

Album formats

(files containing entire music albums, with some track structure)

Audio and sequencer software

Audio recording and sound waves

Chiptune

Configuration files

  • X2A (Yamaha S70xs/S90xs keyboard workstations)

Container formats

Converters

Emulated music

Game audio and music

(see also Game data files)

Metadata formats and related data

Music trackers

(For more on this subject, listen to Jason Scott Talks His Way Out Of It: The Music Tracker Episode.)

Musical instrument control

Musical notation

Playlists, music libraries, music store downloaders

Programming languages and APIs (audio/music-specific)

Ringtones

Signal processing

These aren't specific file formats, but generic mathematical methods used by other file formats.

Sound card related formats

Speech synthesis

Unclassified (need to move to other categories)

See the Open Cubic Player homepage for a list of demo formats: http://www.cubic.org/player/features.html

See also Piano Rolls (which is under the Physical File Formats).

Links

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