http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Alanc&feedformat=atomJust Solve the File Format Problem - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T14:46:43ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.19.2http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XPMXPM2022-12-29T19:32:10Z<p>Alanc: add link to libXpm gitlab, update current release tarball name, change "The XPM story" link to archived page since original is now gone</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Graphics<br />
|extensions={{ext|xpm}}, {{ext|pm}}, {{ext|c}}, {{ext|h}}<br />
|mimetypes={{mimetype|image/x-xpixmap}}<br />
|pronom={{PRONOM|x-fmt/208}}<br />
|wikidata={{wikidata|Q1887604}}<br />
|released=1989<br />
}}<br />
'''X PixMap''' ('''XPM''') is an uncompressed raster image file format. It is essentially the color version of [[XBM]].<br />
<br />
An XPM file is plain text. But some like the mentioned example <code>dframeIB.xpm</code> contain special characters like zero-byte or Control-Z at the end. These then no longer represent pure ASCII text, which leads to malfunction of some programs. Except for the little-used XPM version 2, it doubles as a fragment of [[C]] program code.<br />
Therefore, instead of the usual extension xpm for the file name, you can also find the suffix h as in the example <code>progressui_gtk_icon.h</code> <br />
or the suffix c as in the example <code>xpmputty.c</code>. In some cases these also contain other C expressions.<br />
Unfortunately, this leads to some confusion.<br />
On some systems, such examples are now considered as C header text or C source text based on the file extension.<br />
When trying to edit them, they are usually opened with a text editor like Emacs or vi.<br />
On other systems, however, the examples are viewed as X pixmap files based on the magic comment.<br />
When trying to edit them, they are then usually opened with an image editor.<br />
<br />
== Identification ==<br />
X PixMap should start with 9 byte c-comment <code>/* XPM */</code>.<br />
All start with a c-comment, but in some non-standard examples the magic comment appears several hundred bytes later, as in the examples <code>mozicon16.xpm</code> or <code>mozicon50.xpm</code>.<br />
Or this comment is even completely missing as in the example <code>logo.xpm</code>.<br />
Most programs cannot handle these variants, but some software like ImageMagick or IrfanView can.<br />
Therefore, one should also check the part defined as C program code.<br />
This begins with the two consecutive words static char, which are separated by white space.<br />
This can be combinations of spaces and tabulation characters, but usually one space is used.<br />
This string is often found a few thousand bytes after the beginning as in the example <code>mh-logo.xpm</code>.<br />
The character array is defined without explicit length specification.<br />
This can be recognized by the 2 byte sequence of square brackets <code>[]</code>.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://www.x.org/docs/XPM/xpm.pdf XPM Manual: The X PixMap Format, Version 3.4i]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [[Farbfeld Utilities]] (format 1, 2 (except Lisp mode), and 3)<br />
* [[FFmpeg]]<br />
* [[ImageMagick]] (format 3 only)<br />
* [[Netpbm]]: ppmtoxpm, xpmtoppm (format 1 and 3)<br />
* libXpm:<br />
** https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxpm<br />
** http://www.x.org/releases/individual/lib/ → libXpm-3.5.14.tar.gz<br />
* [http://snisurset.net/code/abydos/ abydos]<br />
* [[GIMP]]<br />
* [http://www.irfanview.com/ IrfanView]<br />
* [https://www.libreoffice.org/ LibreOffice Draw]<br />
* [[XnView]]<br />
<br />
== Sample files ==<br />
* http://www.fileformat.info/format/xpm/sample/index.htm<br />
* http://stuff.mit.edu/afs/athena/contrib/graphics/images/icons/<br />
* https://telparia.com/fileFormatSamples/image/xpm/<br />
* https://www.qemu.org/ - [https://download.qemu.org/qemu-7.0.0-rc4.tar.xz qemu-7.0.0-rc4.tar.xz] → logo.xpm<br />
* http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/thunderbird/ - [http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/thunderbird/releases/60.5.3/source/thunderbird-60.5.3.source.tar.xz thunderbird-60.5.3.source.tar.xz] → mozicon16.xpm mozicon50.xpm<br />
* https://archive.apache.org/dist/openoffice/ - [https://archive.apache.org/dist/openoffice/4.1.7/source/apache-openoffice-4.1.7-46059c9192-src.zip apache-openoffice-4.1.7-46059c9192-src.zip] → aoo-4.1.7/main/padmin/source/ psetupl.xpm<br />
* http://raspbian.raspberrypi.org/ - [http://raspbian.raspberrypi.org/raspbian/pool/main/i/icewm-themes/icewm-themes_1.2.26.orig.tar.gz icewm-themes_1.2.26.orig.tar.gz] → icewm-themes-1.2.26/gnomeish/ dframeIB.xpm<br />
* http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/emacs/ - [http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/emacs/emacs-28.1.tar.gz emacs-28.1.tar.gz] → emacs-28.1/etc/images/ mh-logo.xpm<br />
* https://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/0.76/ [https://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/putty-0.76.tar.gz putty-0.76.tar.gz] → putty-0.76/unix/ xpmputty.c<br />
* https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/ [https://download.documentfoundation.org/libreoffice/src/7.3.2/libreoffice-7.3.2.2.tar.xz libreoffice-7.3.2.2.tar.xz] → libreoffice-7.3.2.2/onlineupdate/source/update/updater/ progressui_gtk_icon.h<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{EGFF|xpm|XPM File Format Summary}}, from the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20181114053701/http://www.w3.org/People/danield/xpm_story.html The XPM Story]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:X PixMap|Wikipedia article]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Windows_RegistryWindows Registry2016-04-14T17:16:24Z<p>Alanc: add another reference link</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Configuration files<br />
|subcat2=Windows configuration files<br />
|extensions={{ext|dat}}, {{ext|reg}}<br />
}}<br />
The [[Windows Registry]] is used in various versions of Microsoft [[Windows]] to hold a number of configuration settings that affect how Windows and programs running under Windows run. Registry contents are stored in several separate files called hives, whose location and format differ by version of Windows.<br />
<br />
== Windows 3.11 ==<br />
<br />
The registry file is called REG.DAT and is in the %WINDIR% directory (the directory configured as the one holding system files).<br />
<br />
== Windows 9x, ME ==<br />
<br />
The registry is stored as USER.DAT and SYSTEM.DAT in the %WINDIR% directory, and also CLASSES.DAT in Windows ME. There may also be separate USER.DAT files in user profile directories.<br />
<br />
* [http://www.forensicswiki.org/wiki/Windows_9x_Registry_File_%28CREG%29 Forensics Wiki: Windows 9x Registry File (CREG)]<br />
<br />
== Windows NT and up ==<br />
<br />
The registry is stored in binary files in %SystemRoot%\System32\Config\.<br />
<br />
* [http://www.forensicswiki.org/wiki/Windows_NT_Registry_File_%28REGF%29 Forensics Wiki: Windows NT Registry File (REGF)]<br />
<br />
== .REG files ==<br />
<br />
Registry entries can be exported in a text-based, [[INI]]-like format as .REG files. In Windows 2000 and later, the file begins with "Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00", while earlier versions began with "REGEDIT4".<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [https://github.com/libguestfs/hivex hivex]<br />
* [http://www.forensicswiki.org/wiki/Windows_Registry Forensics Wiki: Windows Registry]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Windows Registry|Wikipedia: Windows Registry]]<br />
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724871.aspx MSDN registry reference]<br />
* [https://tzworks.net/prototype_page.php?proto_id=3 Yet Another Registry Utility (yaru)]<br />
* [https://github.com/msuhanov/regf/blob/master/Windows%20registry%20file%20format%20specification.md regf/Windows registry file format specification.md]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Microsoft]]<br />
[[Category:System files]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/UfsdumpUfsdump2015-01-05T06:40:52Z<p>Alanc: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|name=ufsdump<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Archiving<br />
}}<br />
[[ufsdump]] is an uncompressed archive file format, designed for backups of [[UFS]] file systems.<br />
<br />
The backup and restore commands on SunOS 4 were called <tt>dump</tt> and <tt>restore</tt>. In Solaris 2, they were renamed to <tt>ufsdump</tt> and <tt>ufsrestore</tt><br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36882/ufsdump-4.html Solaris 11.2 ufsdump(4) man page]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dump&manpath=FreeBSD+10.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 10.1 dump(8) man page]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26505_01/html/E37385/bkupref-12756.html#scrolltoc Solaris 10 System Administration Guide: UFS Backup and Restore Commands (Reference)]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/UFSUFS2015-01-05T06:36:04Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Filesystem }} =Introduction= '''UFS''' (the '''Unix File System''') is a filesystem commonly used on Unix systems in the 1980's an..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Filesystem<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=Introduction=<br />
'''UFS''' (the '''Unix File System''') is a filesystem commonly used on Unix systems in the 1980's and 1990's. It was originally developed for BSD Unix under the name Fast File System (FFS), and later adopted by AT&T for System V Release 4 (SVR4).<br />
<br />
Backups may be done with the [[ufsdump]] archiver (known simply as <tt>dump</tt> on older systems).<br />
<br />
==Resources==<br />
* [https://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~brewer/cs262/FFS.pdf A Fast File System for UNIX], Marshall Kirk McKusick, William N. Joy, Samuel J. Leffler, & Robert S. Fabry; Computer Systems Research Group, Univ. of California Berkeley. Revised February 18, 1984.<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26505_01/html/E37385/fsfilesysappx-94408.htm Solaris 10 System Administration Guide: UFS File System (Reference)]<br />
* [http://www.informit.com/store/design-and-implementation-of-the-freebsd-operating-9780321968975 Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition], ISBN 978-0-321-96897-5<br />
* [http://www.solarisinternals.com/wiki/index.php/Solaris_Internals Solaris Internals, 2nd Edition], ISBN 0131482092 &mdash; Chapter 15: The UFS File System<br />
* [https://www.mckusick.com/softdep/index.html Information about Soft Updates, Snapshots, and Back-ground Fsck]<br />
* [http://www.solarisinternals.com/wiki/index.php/Direct_I/O UFS Direct I/O]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Unix File System]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/UfsdumpUfsdump2015-01-05T06:13:43Z<p>Alanc: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|name=ufsdump<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Archiving<br />
}}<br />
[[ufsdump]] is an uncompressed archive file format, designed for backups of [[UFS]] file systems.<br />
<br />
The backup and restore commands on SunOS 4 were called <tt>dump</tt> and <tt>restore</tt>. In Solaris 2, they were renamed to <tt>ufsdump</tt> and <tt>ufsrestore</tt><br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36882/ufsdump-4.html Solaris 11.2 ufsdump(4) man page]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26505_01/html/E37385/bkupref-12756.html#scrolltoc Solaris 10 System Administration Guide: UFS Backup and Restore Commands (Reference)]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ArchivingArchiving2015-01-05T06:02:43Z<p>Alanc: /* Filesystem backup */ add ufsdump</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|thiscat=Archiving<br />
|image=Magazine-files.jpg<br />
}}<br />
<br />
(Lossless, for generic data + file archives)<br />
<br />
See also: [[Compression]], [[Error detection and correction]]<br />
<br />
== Archiving only ==<br />
(many files => 1 file, no compression attempted)<br />
<br />
* [[AR]] file format (.a, .lib) -- Unix Archiver (ar) format as used by various compilers/linkers<br />
* [[ARC (Internet Archive)]] (.arc)<br />
* [[BagIt]]<br />
* [[bar]] (SunOS 4)<br />
* [[cpio]] (.cpio)<br />
* [[LBR]] (.lbr)<br />
* [[LBR (Commodore)]] (.lbr)<br />
* [[Lynx archive]] (Commodore) (.lnx)<br />
* [[Mozilla Archive]] (.mar)<br />
* [[pax]]<br />
* [[Tape Archive]] (.tar)<br />
<br />
== Compression + archiving ==<br />
(Multiple files => 1 file, makes it smaller. See [[Compression]] for formats that compress single files/streams, and [[Disk Image Formats]] for formats that capture the low-level structure of a disk)<br />
<br />
* [[7z]] (.7z)<br />
* [[ACE]] (.ace)<br />
* [[afio]]<br />
* [[ALZ]] (.alz) (ALZip)<br />
* [[ARC (compression format)|ARC]] (PC/MS-DOS) (.arc)<br />
* [[ARC (Commodore)]] (.arc)<br />
* [[ARC (FreeArc)]] (.arc)<br />
* [[ARC (Internet Archive)]] (gzipped form: .arc.gz)<br />
* [[ArcFS]] (RISC OS) (.arc)<br />
* [[ARJ]]<br />
* [[Astrotite]] (.afa)<br />
* [[BlakHole]] (.bh)<br />
* [[BRU]] - (RSX-11M backup)<br />
* [[Cabinet]] (.cab)<br />
* [[Compact File Set]] (.cfs)<br />
* [[Compact Pro]] (.cpt)<br />
* [[Disk Archiver]] (.dar)<br />
* [[DGCA]] (.dgc)<br />
* [[DWC]] (.dwc)<br />
* [[EGG (ALZip)]] (.egg)<br />
* [[GCA]] (.gca)<br />
* [[Greenleaf ArchiveLib]]<br />
* [[HA]] (.ha)<br />
* [[HKI]] (WinHKI) (.hki)<br />
* [[ICE]] (.ice)<br />
* [[IMP]] (.imp)<br />
* [[JAR (ARJ Software)]] (.j)<br />
* [[KGB Archiver]] (.kgb)<br />
* [[LHA]] (.lzh, .lha)<br />
* [[LZX]] (.lzx)<br />
* [[NuFX]] (.bxy)<br />
* [[PackIt]] (.pit)<br />
* [[PAK]] (.pak) <br />
* [[PAQ]] (.pa6, .pa7, .pa8, others)<br />
* [[PEA]] (PeaZIP) (.pea) <br />
* [[PerfectCompress]] (.uca)<br />
* [[PIM]] (.pim)<br />
* [[PMA]] (.pma)<br />
* [[Quadruple D Archiver]] (.qda)<br />
* [[Quantum compressed archive]] (.q)<br />
* [[RAR]] (.rar)<br />
* [[RK]] (WinRK)<br />
* [[S7z]] (.s7z)<br />
* [[Scifer]] (.sen, .ba, .xml)<br />
* [[ShrinkIt]] (.shk)<br />
* [[Softlib]] (Softdisk Publishing) (.slb)<br />
* [[Spark]] (.spk)<br />
* [[SQX]] (.sqx)<br />
* [[StuffIt]] (.sit)<br />
* [[StuffIt X]] (.sitx)<br />
* [[UHARC]] (.uha) <br />
* [[UltraCompressor II]] (.uc, .uc0, .uc2, .ucn, .ur2, .ue2)<br />
* [[WARC]] (.warc, .warc.gz)<br />
* [[xar]] (.xar)<br />
* [[XP3]] (.xp3) - used in [[KiriKiri Adventure Game System]]<br />
* [[Yamazaki zipper archive]] (.yz1) - used in DeepFreezer<br />
* [[ZIP]] (.zip)<br />
* [[Zipx]] (.zipx)<br />
* [[ZOO]] (.zoo)<br />
* [[Zzip]] (.zz)<br />
<br />
== Diff files ==<br />
(containing only the parts of a file that have changed, so they can be applied to an existing file to update it; used for update distribution and incremental backups)<br />
* [[bsdiff]]<br />
* [[Courgette]]<br />
* [[diff]]<br />
* [[FidoNet nodediff]]<br />
* [[GDIFF]]<br />
* [[RTPatch]]<br />
* [[Unified diff]]<br />
<br />
== Filesystem backup ==<br />
Formats designed for backing up disks, usually specifically targeted at particular [[filesystem]]s (but backing it up in the form of file structures, not raw sector images like [[Disk Image Formats]]).<br />
* [[BACKUP (MS-DOS)]]<br />
* [[Partimage]] <br />
* [[ufsdump]]<br />
* [[Windows Imaging Format]] (.wim, .swm)<br />
<br />
== Institutional archiving ==<br />
* [[OAIS]] (Open Archival Information System, an organization that does archiving)<br />
* [[Planets Core Registry]]<br />
* [[PRONOM]]<br />
** [[PUID]]<br />
* [[Submission Information Package]]<br />
<br />
== Metadata formats ==<br />
* [[Archive Team hostname file]]<br />
* [[DFDL]] (Data Format Description Language) - a file format for describing file formats<br />
* [[Internet Archive metadata]]<br />
* [[mtree]]<br />
* [[TOSEC Naming Convention]]<br />
<br />
(see also [[Metadata]], [[Bibliographic data]])<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous ==<br />
* [[7-Zip]]<br />
* [[Cache Directory Tagging Standard]]<br />
<br />
== Program/App/Applet/Installer specialized archive formats ==<br />
* [[APK]] (Android app)<br />
* [[Bundle file (Linux)]]<br />
* [[Bundle file (OS X)]]<br />
* [[deb]] (Debian package)<br />
* [[GEOS Convert]] (.cvt)<br />
* [[IPS archive|Image Packaging System (IPS) archive]] (.p5p)<br />
* [[IPS manifest|Image Packaging System (IPS) manifest]] (.p5m)<br />
* [[Inno Setup self-extracting archive]]<br />
* [[InstallShield CAB]]<br />
* [[InstallShield Z]]<br />
* [[IPA]] (.ipa) => iOS app in archived form; actually in zip format<br />
* [[Jar]] (.j, .jar) (Java) => this is just a renamed zip file with some mandatory files<br />
* [[Meta-Package File]] (.mpkg) (Mac OS X)<br />
* [[NSIS]] (Nullsoft Scriptable Install System)<br />
* [[Package File (OS X)]] (.pkg)<br />
* [[RPM]] (RedHat Package Manager)<br />
* [[SIS]] (Symbian)<br />
* [[TI variable file]]<br />
* [[Windows Installer]] (.msi, .msp)<br />
<br />
== Self-extracting archives ==<br />
(in addition, some of the other archivers are able to produce executable files for some platform which include the archived data and a program to extract them, and generally have the file extension normal for executables, such as .exe for DOS/Windows. In many cases, if you rename the extension to the appropriate one for the archive type involved, e.g., '''.zip''', the file will open in the appropriate archiver, which is handy for extracting them on systems not compatible with the original executable.)<br />
* [[SDA]] (Self Dissolving Archive)<br />
* [[SEA]] (Self-Extracting Archive]<br />
* [[Self-extracting ZIP]]<br />
* [[SFX]] (Self-Extracting Archive)<br />
* [[shar]] (Shell Archive, in Unix-like systems)<br />
<br />
== Transfer encodings ==<br />
(convert binaries to printable ASCII for download; encode resource forks or metadata together with file, etc.)<br />
* [[Ascii85]]<br />
* [[Binary II]] (.bny) (for Apple II series) (often [[squeeze]]d as .bqy)<br />
* [[BinHex]] (.hqx)<br />
* [[MacBinary]]<br />
<br />
See also the main article, [[Transfer Encodings]].<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [http://www.coredumps.de/doc/dump/zwicky/testdump.doc.html Torture-testing Backup and Archive Programs: Things You Ought to Know But Probably Would Rather Not]<br />
* [http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/apps-discuss/current/msg13094.html Discussion of proposed top-level MIME type for 'archive']</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/UfsdumpUfsdump2015-01-05T06:01:50Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |name=ufsdump |formattype=electronic |subcat=Archiving }} ufsdump is an uncompressed archive file format, designed for backups of UFS file systems. == Sp..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|name=ufsdump<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Archiving<br />
}}<br />
[[ufsdump]] is an uncompressed archive file format, designed for backups of [[UFS]] file systems.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36882/ufsdump-4.html Solaris 11.2 ufsdump(4) man page]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26505_01/html/E37385/bkupref-12756.html#scrolltoc Solaris 10 System Administration Guide: UFS Backup and Restore Commands (Reference)]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ZFSZFS2015-01-02T18:45:01Z<p>Alanc: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Filesystem<br />
|released=2005<br />
}}<br />
'''ZFS''' is a [[filesystem]] originally developed by Sun Microsystems. It has sophisticated features including software RAID, deduplication, and data compression.<br />
<br />
== On Linux ==<br />
ZFS cannot be incorporated into the Linux kernel distribution, due to license incompatibilities. However, a native Linux port of it is available, and was declared to be production-ready as of March 2013.<br />
<br />
== Storage formats ==<br />
* [https://maczfs.googlecode.com/files/ZFSOnDiskFormat.pdf ZFS On-Disk Specification – Draft] (ZFSOnDiskFormat.pdf, Sun Microsystems, Inc., 2006-08) <br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36835/appendixa-1.html#scrolltoc Oracle Solaris 11.2 ZFS Version Descriptions]<br />
* [http://open-zfs.org/wiki/Features#Feature_Flags OpenZFS Feature Flags]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:ZFS|Wikipedia article]]<br />
* [http://open-zfs.org/ OpenZFS]<br />
* [http://zfsonlinux.org/ ZFS on Linux]<br />
* [http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/solaris11/technologies/data-management-2237949.html Oracle Solaris 11 ZFS]<br />
* [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/03/30/zfs_on_linux_production_ready/ Article about production-ready ZFS for Linux]<br />
* [http://blog.vx.sk/archives/44-OpenZFS-Feature-Flags-Compatibility-Matrix.html OpenZFS Feature Flags Compatibility Matrix (VX weblog)]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MS-DOSMS-DOS2014-12-29T22:58:59Z<p>Alanc: add links to source code of early MS-DOS versions</p>
<hr />
<div>{|<br />
|[[Software]]<br />
| ><br />
|[[Operating Systems]]<br />
| ><br />
|[[MS-DOS]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=Introduction=<br />
'''MS-DOS''' refers to "Microsoft DOS", the Microsoft-developed variant of DOS. Because of the prominence of Microsoft in computer industry, it is frequently the case that people refer to "DOS" when they mean MS-DOS, although there have in fact been a number of non-Microsoft operating systems also called DOS (such as [[Apple_DOS_file_system|Apple II DOS]]). PC-DOS refers to the specific variety of MS-DOS that was licensed by Microsoft to IBM for use on its personal computers, while MS-DOS is the generic version that ran on a wide variety of "PC clones" or "compatibles". Microsoft originally got MS-DOS from another company called Seattle Computer Products which had created its predecessor as an imitation of CP/M. The first version of MS-DOS didn't even support subdirectories, but this was added in version 2.0. Windows runs on a base of MS-DOS, something that was clearly visible in early versions up to 3.11 (where you had to first boot DOS and then run Windows as a separate program), but obscured in later versions (up to and including Windows ME) which boot directly into Windows, but DOS is still there under the hood.<br />
<br />
Of particular interest to DOS users is [[FreeDOS]], which reimplements and extends MS-DOS and other DOSs.<br />
<br />
=Versions=<br />
* [[MS-DOS 3.30]]<br />
* [[MS-DOS 6.22]]<br />
<br />
=Resources=<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS Wikipedia entry on MS-DOS]<br />
* [http://www.computerhope.com/history/dos.htm MS-DOS Release Timeline] from computerhope.com<br />
* [http://www.pcxt-micro.com/history.html A short history of MS-DOS]<br />
* [http://www.thezac.com/MicrosoftHistory/03_ms-dos1x-3x.html The History and Future of Microsoft Operating Systems]<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_DOS_operating_systems Timeline of DOS Operating Systems] from Wikipedia<br />
* [http://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/microsoft-ms-dos-early-source-code/ Microsoft MS-DOS early source code] from Computer History Museum<br />
<br />
[[Category:Microsoft]]<br />
[[Category:Operating Systems]]<br />
[[Category:Software]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DevelopmentDevelopment2014-12-29T22:39:08Z<p>Alanc: /* Revision control systems / code repositories */ add SCCS</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|thiscat=Development<br />
|image=At the Computer 06.png<br />
}}<br />
<br />
File formats concerning compilers, interpreters, linkers, IDEs, etc.<br />
<br />
See also: [[Source code]], [[Executables]]<br />
<br />
== Build Automation ==<br />
* [[Apache Ant build file]]<br />
* [[Apache Maven POM file]]<br />
* [[Imake|Imakefile]]<br />
* [[Jamfile]]<br />
* [[Makefile]]<br />
<br />
== Cloud platforms ==<br />
* [[Heroku]]<br />
<br />
== Compiling ==<br />
* [[BSC]] (Browser code file)<br />
* [[IDB]] (State file)<br />
* [[IDL]] (Interface definition language file)<br />
* [[ODL (Microsoft Object Description Language)|ODL]] (Object Description Language)<br />
* [[SBR]] (Visual Studio source browser intermediate file)<br />
<br />
== Debug ==<br />
* [[Core dump]]<br />
* [[GDB]] (GNU debugger file)<br />
* [[Precompiled header file]] (.gch, .pch)<br />
* [[Visual Studio PDB]] (Program debug database)<br />
<br />
== Interface ==<br />
* [[Nib file]] (Mac OS X development; windowed interfaces) (.nib)<br />
* [[Storyboard file]] (iOS development) (.storyboard)<br />
* [[Xib file]] (Mac OS X / iOS development; replaced Nib files) (.xib)<br />
<br />
== Intermediate ==<br />
* [[Apple framework]] (.framework: OS X or iOS)<br />
* [[CLASS]] (Java bytecode)<br />
* [[Microsoft Library|LIB (Microsoft style)]] (used with Microsoft compilers for MS-DOS)<br />
* [[AR|LIB (Unix-style)]] (Static library file, a variant of the UNIX ar format)<br />
* [[Object file format]] (.o, .obj)<br />
* [[Precompiled Header]] (.pch)<br />
* [[PYC]] (Python bytecode)<br />
* [[SREC]] (.s19, .sre, .srec, .s)<br />
* [[Turbo Pascal Unit]] (.tpu)<br />
<br />
== Linking ==<br />
* [[IIK]] (Incremental link file)<br />
* [[MAP]] (Memory map link information)<br />
<br />
== Project ==<br />
* [[APL workspace]] (stores a set of functions and variables comprising a program or project)<br />
* [[Developer Studio project]] (.dsp)<br />
* [[Developer Studio workspace]] (.dsw)<br />
* [[FLA]] (Macromedia Flash project file)<br />
* [[IntelliJ Idea Module]] (.iml)<br />
* [[IntelliJ Idea Project]] (.ipr)<br />
* [[IntelliJ Idea Website]] (.iws)<br />
* [[UltraEdit project file]] (.prj, pui)<br />
* [[Visual Basic project file]] (.vbp, .vbproj)<br />
* [[Visual Studio IntelliSense Database File]] (.sdf)<br />
* [[Visual Studio No Compile Browser File]] (.ncb)<br />
* [[Visual Studio project file]] (.vcproj, .vcxproj, .vdproj)<br />
* [[Visual Studio Solution File]] (.sln)<br />
* [[Visual Studio Solution Options File]] (.suo)<br />
* [[Xcode Project]] (.xcodeproj): Mac/iOS development<br />
<br />
== Remote procedure calls ==<br />
* [[JSON-RPC]]<br />
* [[XML-RPC]]<br />
<br />
== Resource ==<br />
* [[Resource script file]] (.rc, .rc2)<br />
* [[Xcode Core Data Model]] (.xcdatamodel, .xcdatamodeld)<br />
* [[Macintosh resource file]] (Mac OS Classic development) (.rsrc)<br />
* [[DFF]]<br />
<br />
== Revision control systems / code repositories ==<br />
* [[Concurrent Versions System]] (CVS)<br />
* [[Git]]<br />
** [[Github]]<br />
* [[Mercurial]] (hg)<br />
* [[SCCS|Source Code Control System]] (SCCS)<br />
<br />
== Runtime environments ==<br />
* [[node.js]]<br />
<br />
== Specialized ==<br />
* [[Game Maker]] (.gm6, .gmk)<br />
* [[UltraEdit wordfile]] (.uew)<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/protolo.txt A sketch of an architecture-independent object-code format]<br />
* [http://www.bluecloudsolutions.com/blog/money-apps-turn-1k-200k-portfolio/ Somebody's "How To Make Money With Apps" article] (that, unintentionally, gives insights into why smartphone apps suck so much these days)<br />
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/04/24/band-releases-album-as-linux-k.html Band releases album as Linux kernel module]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SCCSSCCS2014-12-29T22:38:15Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Development |released=1972 }} '''Source Code Control System''' ('''SCCS''') is a per-file revision control system, originally devel..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Development<br />
|released=1972<br />
}}<br />
'''Source Code Control System''' ('''SCCS''') is a per-file revision control system, originally developed by Marc Rochkind at Bell Labs, and later incorporated into AT&T's System III and System V versions of Unix, and licensed to commercial vendors for inclusion in their OSes based on those releases.<br />
<br />
For each file checked into SCCS control, a file storing the history and changes in each version of the file is created, usually with the file's normal name with "<code>s.</code>" prepended, either in the same directory or under a subdirectory named "<code>SCCS</code>".<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [https://www.gnu.org/software/cssc/manual/File-Format.html GNU CSSC: sccs File Format]<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36882/sccsfile-4.html Oracle Solaris 11.2 man pages: sccsfile(4)]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [http://heirloom.sourceforge.net/ The Heirloom Project]<br />
* [https://www.gnu.org/software/cssc/ GNU CSSC]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Source Code Control System|Wikipedia article]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PaxPax2014-12-28T18:58:02Z<p>Alanc: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|name=pax<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Archiving<br />
|extensions={{ext|pax}}<br />
}}<br />
[[pax]] (Portable aRchive eXchange) is an uncompressed archive file format, and a multi-format archiving utility.<br />
<br />
The file format is an extension of [[Tape Archive|tar]] format. It is rarely used, and some versions of the pax utility do not support it.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/pax.html Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7 / IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition: pax command & interchange format]<br />
* [http://www.mkssoftware.com/docs/man4/pax.4.asp Format of pax archives]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [http://www.libarchive.org/ libarchive]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:pax (Unix)|Wikipedia article]] (mostly about the pax utility)<br />
* [http://heirloom.sourceforge.net/man/pax.1.html pax man page], from a version of pax that supports pax format</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ArchivingArchiving2014-12-28T18:49:19Z<p>Alanc: /* Program/App/Applet/Installer specialized archive formats */ add IPS archives & manifests</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|thiscat=Archiving<br />
|image=Magazine-files.jpg<br />
}}<br />
<br />
(Lossless, for generic data + file archives)<br />
<br />
See also: [[Compression]], [[Error detection and correction]]<br />
<br />
== Archiving only ==<br />
(many files => 1 file, no compression attempted)<br />
<br />
* [[AR]] file format (.a, .lib) -- Unix Archiver (ar) format as used by various compilers/linkers<br />
* [[ARC (Internet Archive)]] (.arc)<br />
* [[BagIt]]<br />
* [[bar]] (SunOS 4)<br />
* [[cpio]] (.cpio)<br />
* [[LBR]] (.lbr)<br />
* [[LBR (Commodore)]] (.lbr)<br />
* [[Lynx archive]] (Commodore) (.lnx)<br />
* [[Mozilla Archive]] (.mar)<br />
* [[pax]]<br />
* [[Tape Archive]] (.tar)<br />
<br />
== Compression + archiving ==<br />
(Multiple files => 1 file, makes it smaller. See [[Compression]] for formats that compress single files/streams, and [[Disk Image Formats]] for formats that capture the low-level structure of a disk)<br />
<br />
* [[7z]] (.7z)<br />
* [[ACE]] (.ace)<br />
* [[afio]]<br />
* [[ALZ]] (.alz) (ALZip)<br />
* [[ARC (compression format)|ARC]] (.arc)<br />
* [[ARC (Commodore)]] (.arc)<br />
* [[ARC (FreeArc)]] (.arc)<br />
* [[ARC (Internet Archive)]] (gzipped form: .arc.gz)<br />
* [[ArcFS]] (RISC OS) (.arc)<br />
* [[ARJ]]<br />
* [[Astrotite]] (.afa)<br />
* [[BlakHole]] (.bh)<br />
* [[BRU]] - (RSX-11M backup)<br />
* [[Cabinet]] (.cab)<br />
* [[Compact File Set]] (.cfs)<br />
* [[Compact Pro]] (.cpt)<br />
* [[Disk Archiver]] (.dar)<br />
* [[DGCA]] (.dgc)<br />
* [[DWC]] (.dwc)<br />
* [[EGG (ALZip)]] (.egg)<br />
* [[GCA]] (.gca)<br />
* [[Greenleaf ArchiveLib]]<br />
* [[HA]] (.ha)<br />
* [[HKI]] (WinHKI) (.hki)<br />
* [[ICE]] (.ice)<br />
* [[IMP]] (.imp)<br />
* [[JAR (ARJ Software)]] (.j)<br />
* [[KGB Archiver]] (.kgb)<br />
* [[LHA]] (.lzh, .lha)<br />
* [[LZX]] (.lzx)<br />
* [[NuFX]] (.bxy)<br />
* [[PackIt]] (.pit)<br />
* [[PAK]] (.pak) <br />
* [[PAQ]] (.pa6, .pa7, .pa8, others)<br />
* [[PEA]] (PeaZIP) (.pea) <br />
* [[PerfectCompress]] (.uca)<br />
* [[PIM]] (.pim)<br />
* [[PMA]] (.pma)<br />
* [[Quadruple D Archiver]] (.qda)<br />
* [[Quantum compressed archive]] (.q)<br />
* [[RAR]] (.rar)<br />
* [[RK]] (WinRK)<br />
* [[S7z]] (.s7z)<br />
* [[Scifer]] (.sen, .ba, .xml)<br />
* [[ShrinkIt]] (.shk)<br />
* [[Softlib]] (Softdisk Publishing) (.slb)<br />
* [[Spark]] (.spk)<br />
* [[SQX]] (.sqx)<br />
* [[StuffIt]] (.sit)<br />
* [[StuffIt X]] (.sitx)<br />
* [[UHARC]] (.uha) <br />
* [[UltraCompressor II]] (.uc, .uc0, .uc2, .ucn, .ur2, .ue2)<br />
* [[WARC]] (.warc, .warc.gz)<br />
* [[xar]] (.xar)<br />
* [[XP3]] (.xp3) - used in [[KiriKiri Adventure Game System]]<br />
* [[Yamazaki zipper archive]] (.yz1) - used in DeepFreezer<br />
* [[ZIP]] (.zip)<br />
* [[Zipx]] (.zipx)<br />
* [[ZOO]] (.zoo)<br />
* [[Zzip]] (.zz)<br />
<br />
== Diff files ==<br />
(containing only the parts of a file that have changed, so they can be applied to an existing file to update it; used for update distribution and incremental backups)<br />
* [[bsdiff]]<br />
* [[Courgette]]<br />
* [[diff]]<br />
* [[FidoNet nodediff]]<br />
* [[GDIFF]]<br />
* [[RTPatch]]<br />
* [[Unified diff]]<br />
<br />
== Filesystem backup ==<br />
Formats designed for backing up disks, usually specifically targeted at particular [[filesystem]]s (but backing it up in the form of file structures, not raw sector images like [[Disk Image Formats]]).<br />
* [[BACKUP (MS-DOS)]]<br />
* [[Partimage]] <br />
* [[Windows Imaging Format]] (.wim, .swm)<br />
<br />
== Institutional archiving ==<br />
* [[OAIS]] (Open Archival Information System, an organization that does archiving)<br />
* [[Planets Core Registry]]<br />
* [[PRONOM]]<br />
** [[PUID]]<br />
* [[Submission Information Package]]<br />
<br />
== Metadata formats ==<br />
* [[Archive Team hostname file]]<br />
* [[DFDL]] (Data Format Description Language) - a file format for describing file formats<br />
* [[Internet Archive metadata]]<br />
* [[mtree]]<br />
* [[TOSEC Naming Convention]]<br />
<br />
(see also [[Metadata]], [[Bibliographic data]])<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous ==<br />
* [[7-Zip]]<br />
* [[Cache Directory Tagging Standard]]<br />
<br />
== Program/App/Applet/Installer specialized archive formats ==<br />
* [[APK]] (Android app)<br />
* [[Bundle file (Linux)]]<br />
* [[Bundle file (OS X)]]<br />
* [[deb]] (Debian package)<br />
* [[GEOS Convert]] (.cvt)<br />
* [[IPS archive|Image Packaging System (IPS) archive]] (.p5p)<br />
* [[IPS manifest|Image Packaging System (IPS) manifest]] (.p5m)<br />
* [[Inno Setup self-extracting archive]]<br />
* [[InstallShield CAB]]<br />
* [[InstallShield Z]]<br />
* [[IPA]] (.ipa) => iOS app in archived form; actually in zip format<br />
* [[Jar]] (.j, .jar) (Java) => this is just a renamed zip file with some mandatory files<br />
* [[Meta-Package File]] (.mpkg) (Mac OS X)<br />
* [[NSIS]] (Nullsoft Scriptable Install System)<br />
* [[Package File (OS X)]] (.pkg)<br />
* [[RPM]] (RedHat Package Manager)<br />
* [[SIS]] (Symbian)<br />
* [[TI variable file]]<br />
* [[Windows Installer]] (.msi, .msp)<br />
<br />
== Self-extracting archives ==<br />
(in addition, some of the other archivers are able to produce executable files for some platform which include the archived data and a program to extract them, and generally have the file extension normal for executables, such as .exe for DOS/Windows. In many cases, if you rename the extension to the appropriate one for the archive type involved, e.g., '''.zip''', the file will open in the appropriate archiver, which is handy for extracting them on systems not compatible with the original executable.)<br />
* [[SDA]] (Self Dissolving Archive)<br />
* [[SEA]] (Self-Extracting Archive]<br />
* [[Self-extracting ZIP]]<br />
* [[SFX]] (Self-Extracting Archive)<br />
* [[shar]] (Shell Archive, in Unix-like systems)<br />
<br />
== Transfer encodings ==<br />
(convert binaries to printable ASCII for download; encode resource forks or metadata together with file, etc.)<br />
* [[Ascii85]]<br />
* [[Binary II]] (.bny) (for Apple II series) (often [[squeeze]]d as .bqy)<br />
* [[BinHex]] (.hqx)<br />
* [[MacBinary]]<br />
<br />
See also the main article, [[Transfer Encodings]].<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [http://www.coredumps.de/doc/dump/zwicky/testdump.doc.html Torture-testing Backup and Archive Programs: Things You Ought to Know But Probably Would Rather Not]<br />
* [http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/apps-discuss/current/msg13094.html Discussion of proposed top-level MIME type for 'archive']</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/IPS_manifestIPS manifest2014-12-28T18:47:13Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Archiving |extensions={{ext|p5m}}, {{ext|mf}} }} '''Image Packaging System (IPS) manifest''' ('''.p5m''') is a text file that defi..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Archiving<br />
|extensions={{ext|p5m}}, {{ext|mf}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Image Packaging System (IPS) manifest''' ('''.p5m''') is a text file that defines the contents of an IPS package. It is part of the IPS software originally created for [[Wikipedia:OpenSolaris|OpenSolaris]] and now used in Oracle Solaris 11, OpenIndiana, OmniOS and other descendants of OpenSolaris.<br />
<br />
The process of building an IPS package starts with a simplified manifest file, to which tools are applied to fill in default values ([https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36870/pkgmogrify-1.html pkgmogrify]), add automatically determined dependencies ([https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36870/pkgdepend-1.html pkgdepend]), and then add the hashes of the files in the package ([https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36870/pkgsend-1.html pkgsend]). The initial simplified manifest can be created manually, or generated by pkgsend from a SVR4 format package, a tarball, or a prototype directory hierarchy.<br />
<br />
Manifest files are published as part of the package to either a online package repository or an [[IPS archive]] (.p5p) file.<br />
<br />
== Format ==<br />
Files are in a plain text format, with one line for each ''action'' in a file, representing a file to install, a directory to create, users or groups to add to the system, dependencies on other packages to verify, or metadata to store with the package. The first entry in a line is the type of action, the rest of the line is a series of ''key=value'' pairs for that action.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36883/pkg-5.html#scrolltoc Oracle Solaris 11.2 man pages: pkg(5)]<br />
* [https://java.net/projects/ips/sources/pkg-gate/content/doc/signed_manifests.txt pkg(5): image packaging system: Manifest signing]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [https://java.net/projects/ips/pages/Home pkg(5): image packaging system]<br />
<br />
== Sample files ==<br />
Source manifests (before processing):<br />
* https://hg.java.net/hg/solaris~on-src/file/b23a4dab3d50/usr/src/pkg/manifests/<br />
<br />
Complete manifests (after processing):<br />
* http://pkg.oracle.com/solaris/release/en/catalog.shtml?version=entire%400.5.11%2C5.11-0.175.2.1.0.2.1&action=Browse - click on ''Manifest'' links<br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Image Packaging System]]<br />
* [https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36856/index.html ''Packaging and Delivering Software With the Image Packaging System in Oracle® Solaris 11.2'']<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/IPS_archiveIPS archive2014-12-28T18:28:54Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Archiving |extensions={{ext|p5p}} }} '''Image Packaging System (IPS) archive''' ('''.p5p''') is a format created to transport one o..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Archiving<br />
|extensions={{ext|p5p}}<br />
}}<br />
'''Image Packaging System (IPS) archive''' ('''.p5p''') is a format created to transport one or more IPS packages between systems without requiring use of an online package repository. It is part of the IPS software originally created for [[Wikipedia:OpenSolaris|OpenSolaris]] and now used in Oracle Solaris 11, OpenIndiana, OmniOS and other descendants of OpenSolaris.<br />
<br />
== Format ==<br />
Files are stored in the [[Pax|pax]] archive format, with additional metadata, such as [[IPS manifest]] files, and a specific layout of the contents.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [https://java.net/projects/ips/sources/pkg-gate/content/doc/on-disk-format.txt pkg(5): image packaging system: On-disk Format]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [https://java.net/projects/ips/pages/Home pkg(5): image packaging system]<br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Image Packaging System]]<br />
* [https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36870/pkgrecv-1.html Oracle Solaris 11.2 man pages: pkgrecv(1)] - see ''Example 8 Create a Package Archive''<br />
* [https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36856/pkgdelivery.html#PKDEVgluem Oracle Solaris 11.2 Guide: Packaging Software With IPS: Deliver as a Package Archive File]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SecuritySecurity2014-12-28T17:50:16Z<p>Alanc: add Label Encodings</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|thiscat=Security<br />
|image=Padlock green w shadow.png<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Formats specific to the storage and transmission of security information.<br />
<br />
''See also:''<br />
* [[Encryption]]<br />
* [[E-Mail, newsgroups, and forums#Secure messaging|E-Mail, newsgroups, and forums: Secure messaging]]<br />
<br />
== Digital Certificates ==<br />
* [[ASCII Armor]] (.arm; old for base64)<br />
* [[Canonical Encoding Rules]] (.cer)<br />
* [[Certificate Revocation List]] (.crl)<br />
* [[Certificate Signing Request]]<br />
* [[Certificate Trust List]] (.stl)<br />
* [[DER]] (Distinguished Encoding Rules)<br />
** [[DER encoded certificate]] (.der, .crt)<br />
** [[DER encoded RSA private key]]<br />
* [[Microsoft Serialized Certificate Store]] (.sst)<br />
* [[PEM]]<br />
** [[PEM encoded certificate]] (.pem, .crt)<br />
** [[PEM encoded RSA private key]] (.key)<br />
* [[PFX (original format)]]<br />
* [[PKCS]]<br />
** [[PKCS7]] (PKCS #7, Cryptographic Message Syntax Standard)<br />
** [[PKCS7 certificate]] (.p7b, .p7c, .spc)<br />
** [[PKCS10]] (PKCS #10 Certificate Signing Request, .p10, .csr)<br />
** [[PKCS11]] (PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface Standard; Cryptoki API)<br />
** [[PKCS12]] (PKCS #12, PFX, Personal Information Exchange, .p12, .pfx)<br />
* [[PVK]]<br />
* [[RSA private key]]<br />
* [[SPKAC]]<br />
* [[X.509 certificate]]<br />
<br />
== Electronic signatures ==<br />
* [[HMAC]] (Hash-based message authentication code)<br />
<br />
== App provisioning and DRM ==<br />
* [[Mobile Provision file]] (.mobileprovision; used for installing iOS apps)<br />
<br />
== Authentication ==<br />
* [[SAML]] (Security Assertion Markup Language)<br />
<br />
== System security policies ==<br />
* [[Label Encodings]] (files determining information classification labels for multi-level security environments)<br />
* [[Sudoers]] (module and file determining user privileges)<br />
<br />
== Malware/spyware ==<br />
* [[Regin]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
* [http://blogs.msdn.com/b/kaushal/archive/2010/11/05/ssl-certificates.aspx Various SSL/TLS Certificate File Types/Extensions (MSDN article)]<br />
* [https://hashcat.net/oclhashcat-plus/ Hashcat: password cracking program]<br />
* [http://7habitsofhighlyeffectivehackers.blogspot.com/2013/11/can-someone-be-targeted-using-adobe.html Can someone be targeted using the Adobe breach?]<br />
* [http://xkcd.com/1286/ xkcd comic about Adobe password breach situation]<br />
* [http://pardydba.wordpress.com/2013/11/08/improving-security-in-your-web-browsers-firefox/ Improving security in Firefox]<br />
* [http://www.dustbury.com/archives/17867 2014 Super Bowl security (picture)]<br />
* [http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/technology/senate-cybersecurity-report-finds-agencies-often-fail-to-take-basic-preventive-measures/2014/02/03/493390c2-8ab6-11e3-833c-33098f9e5267_story.html Senate cybersecurity report finds agencies often fail to take basic preventive measures]<br />
* [http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2014/feb/05/digital-rights-management What happens with Digital Rights Management in the real world?]<br />
* [http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-26879185 Xbox password flaw exposed by five-year-old boy] (And Microsoft thanked the kid instead of getting him arrested, imagine that.)<br />
* [http://dankaminsky.com/2014/04/10/heartbleed/ Be Still My Breaking Heart]<br />
* [http://blog.fastmail.fm/2014/04/10/when-two-factor-authentication-is-not-enough/ When two-factor authentication is not enough]<br />
* [http://www.tedunangst.com/flak/post/origins-of-libressl origins of libressl]<br />
* [http://dheera.net/projects/blur Why blurring sensitive information is a bad idea]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Label_EncodingsLabel Encodings2014-12-28T17:47:37Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Security }} '''Label encodings''' files are based on a U.S. Dept. of Defense standard (DDS-2600-6216-93) to allow interoperability ..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Security<br />
}}<br />
'''Label encodings''' files are based on a U.S. Dept. of Defense standard (DDS-2600-6216-93) to allow interoperability of security level labels (such as “Classified”, “Top Secret”, etc.) to be shared between products from different vendors.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36844/index.html Compartmented Mode Workstation Labeling: Encodings Format]<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36882/label-encodings-4.html#scrolltoc Oracle Solaris 11.2 man pages: label_encodings(4)]<br />
* [http://www-01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/ssw_aix_71/com.ibm.aix.security/taix_isso_label_man.htm Trusted AIX: /etc/security/enc/LabelEncodings]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Solaris Trusted Extensions|Solaris Trusted Extensions]]<br />
* [http://www-01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/ssw_aix_71/com.ibm.aix.security/trusted_aix_intro.htm Trusted AIX]<br />
<br />
[[Category:IBM]]<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Core_dumpCore dump2014-12-28T17:23:22Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Development }} A '''core dump''' file is the saved image of a program's memory state from a Unix-style OS, usually made when it cra..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Development<br />
}}<br />
A '''core dump''' file is the saved image of a program's memory state from a Unix-style OS, usually made when it crashes, so that a developer can debug it. The name refers to the days when computers used [[Wikipedia:Magnetic-core memory|magnetic core memory]] for their RAM.<br />
<br />
File names are usually just <code>core</code> or start with a prefix of <code>core.</code>, depending on system configuration.<br />
<br />
== Format ==<br />
Core files are often in a version or extension of the [[Executables|OS executable file format]], such as [[ELF]].<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=core&sektion=5 FreeBSD man pages: core(5)]<br />
* [http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man5/core.5.html Linux man pages: core(5)]<br />
* [https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Darwin/Reference/ManPages/man5/core.5.html Mac OS X man pages: core(5)]<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36882/core-4.html Oracle Solaris 11.2 man pages: core(4)]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
<br />
Core files are usually generated by the OS itself, and can be read by debugging tools for the system they were created on.<br />
<br />
* [[GDB]]<br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Core_dump]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Category:X_Window_SystemCategory:X Window System2014-12-28T17:02:23Z<p>Alanc: </p>
<hr />
<div>Articles related to the [[X Window System]], a.k.a. X-Windows, or X11<br />
<br />
[[Category:Computer platforms]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/AUAU2014-12-28T16:56:19Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Audio and Music |extensions={{ext|au}}, {{ext|snd}} |mimetypes={{mimetype|audio/basic}} }} '''Sun Microsystems audio file''' ('''.a..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Audio and Music<br />
|extensions={{ext|au}}, {{ext|snd}}<br />
|mimetypes={{mimetype|audio/basic}}<br />
}}<br />
'''Sun Microsystems audio file''' ('''.au''') is an audio file format commonly used on Sun & NeXT operating systems. <br />
<br />
== Format ==<br />
Files have a 24-byte header, followed by a optional description field of at least 4 bytes, then the audio data.<br />
<br />
== Identification ==<br />
Files begin with signature bytes <code>2e 73 6e 64</code> ("<code>.snd</code>").<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36882/au-4.html Oracle Solaris 11.2 man pages: au(4)]<br />
* http://pubs.opengroup.org/external/auformat.html<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [http://sox.sourceforge.net/ SoX - Sound eXchange]<br />
<br />
== Sample files ==<br />
* https://hg.java.net/hg/solaris~on-src/file/b23a4dab3d50/usr/src/cmd/audio/samples/au<br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Au file format]]<br />
* [http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/Documents/AudioFormats/AU/AU.html Audio File Format Specifications: AU or NeXT/Sun sound file]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PCFPCF2014-12-27T23:54:30Z<p>Alanc: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Fonts<br />
|extensions={{ext|pcf}}<br />
}}<br />
'''PCF''' ('''Portable Compiled Format''') is a bitmap font format used by the [[X Window System]]. It is more or less a binary version of [[BDF]].<br />
<br />
== Identification ==<br />
Files begin with <code>0x01</code> "<code>fcp</code>".<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [https://fontforge.github.io/en-US/documentation/reference/pcf-format/ Format for X11 pcf bitmap font files]<br />
* Appendix D (pgs. 436-450) of [http://books.google.com/books/about/The_X_Window_system_server.html?id=0s5QAAAAYAAJ ''The X Window System Server: X Version 11, Release 5''] by Elias Israel & Erik Fortune, Digital Press, 1992. ISBN 1-55558-096-3<br />
<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [https://packages.debian.org/source/sid/pcf2bdf pcf2bdf]<br />
* [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/app/bdftopcf/ bdftopcf]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Portable Compiled Format|Wikipedia article]]<br />
* [http://www.x.org/archive/X11R7.7/doc/man/man1/bdftopcf.1.xhtml bdftopcf man page]<br />
<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SNFSNF2014-12-27T23:50:44Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Fonts |extensions={{ext|snf}} }} '''SNF''' ('''Server Normal Format''') was a bitmap font format used by the X Window System. I..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Fonts<br />
|extensions={{ext|snf}}<br />
}}<br />
'''SNF''' ('''Server Normal Format''') was a bitmap font format used by the [[X Window System]]. It is more or less a binary version of [[BDF]], and was a non-portable predecessor to [[PCF]]. The SNF format was introduced in [http://www.x.org/wiki/X11R1/ X11R1], and deprecated in [http://www.x.org/wiki/X11R5/ X11R5] in 1991 with the [http://www.x.org/wiki/X11R5/ introduction of PCF fonts]. The release of [http://lists.x.org/archives/xorg-announce/2014-July/002460.html libXfont 1.5.0] in 2014 disabled building snf support by default, though left the code able to be enabled at compile time.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libXfont/tree/src/bitmap/snfstr.h?id=libXfont-1.5.0 snfstr.h]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* bdftosnf in [http://www.x.org/wiki/X11R4/ X11R4] or older releases<br />
* libXfont: [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libXfont git repo], [http://www.x.org/releases/individual/lib/ tarball releases]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Server Normal Format|Wikipedia article]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/X_KeymapX Keymap2014-12-27T23:35:26Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=System files |extensions={{ext|xkm}} }} '''X Keymap''' ('''.xkm''') is a binary file format to map keyboard keys to input character..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=System files<br />
|extensions={{ext|xkm}}<br />
}}<br />
'''X Keymap''' ('''.xkm''') is a binary file format to map keyboard keys to input characters and actions used by the [[X Window System]].<br />
<br />
When the X server needs to load a given XKB keyboard layout description, it runs the ''xkbcomp'' command to compile the plain-text description files (usually the ones maintained by the [http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/XKeyboardConfig/ xkb-config project]) into the .xkm binary format, which the X server then reads using the API provided by ''libxkbfile''.<br />
<br />
== Specs ==<br />
* [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxkbfile/tree/include/X11/extensions Specs as .h files]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* xkbcomp: [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/app/xkbcomp git repo], [http://www.x.org/releases/individual/app/ tarball releases]<br />
* libxkbfile: [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxkbfile git repo], [http://www.x.org/releases/individual/lib/ tarball releases]<br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* [http://www.x.org/wiki/XKB/ XKB - X Keyboard Extension]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:X keyboard extension|Wikipedia: X keyboard extension]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PKCS11PKCS112014-12-27T23:18:18Z<p>Alanc: add link to standards committee</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Security<br />
|released=1995<br />
}}<br />
'''PKCS #11''' (PKCS11) is a standard defining an API for exchanging cryptographic tokens. It is part of the [[PKCS]] family of standards, along with [[PKCS7]], [[PKCS10]], and [[PKCS12]]. [[Smart card]] interfaces make use of this system, and it is also built into much software including the Firefox browser. The API is officially known as "Cryptoki", which comes from "cryptographic token interface" and is pronounced "Crytpto Key".<br />
<br />
== Specs ==<br />
* [http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-curr/v2.40/cs01/pkcs11-curr-v2.40-cs01.pdf PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface Current Mechanisms Specification Version 2.40]<br />
* [http://www.cryptsoft.com/pkcs11doc/ Historical PKCS#11 standards]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:PKCS 11|Wikipedia article]]<br />
* [https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/security/p11guide.html Java PKCS#11 Reference Guide]<br />
* [http://wiki.ncryptoki.com/Introduction-to-PKCS-11-specifications.ashx Introduction to PKCS#11 specifications]<br />
* [https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pechanec-pkcs11uri-16 PKCS#11 URI scheme: draft specification]<br />
* [https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=pkcs11 OASIS PKCS#11 Standards Committee]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/KOI8KOI82014-12-27T22:03:25Z<p>Alanc: add link to RFC 1489 for KOI8-R</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Character Encodings<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''KOI8''' is a family of 8-bit character encodings primarily for Cyrillic alphabets. Character codes 32-126 are identical with the corresponding ASCII characters. Cyrillic characters are ordered in phonetic correspondence to ASCII characters in the bottom half of the code table, not in native alphabetical order. The most widely used of these encodings is the Russian KOI8-R.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
<br />
* [https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1489.txt IETF RFC 1489: Registration of a Cyrillic Character Set] (KOI8-R)</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DevelopmentDevelopment2014-12-27T21:42:09Z<p>Alanc: /* Revision control systems / code repositories */ Add Mercurial</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|thiscat=Development<br />
|image=At the Computer 06.png<br />
}}<br />
<br />
File formats concerning compilers, interpreters, linkers, IDEs, etc.<br />
<br />
See also: [[Source code]], [[Executables]]<br />
<br />
== Build Automation ==<br />
* [[Apache Ant build file]]<br />
* [[Apache Maven POM file]]<br />
* [[Imake|Imakefile]]<br />
* [[Jamfile]]<br />
* [[Makefile]]<br />
<br />
== Cloud platforms ==<br />
* [[Heroku]]<br />
<br />
== Compiling ==<br />
* [[BSC]] (Browser code file)<br />
* [[IDB]] (State file)<br />
* [[IDL]] (Interface definition language file)<br />
* [[ODL (Microsoft Object Description Language)|ODL]] (Object Description Language)<br />
* [[SBR]] (Visual Studio source browser intermediate file)<br />
<br />
== Debug ==<br />
* [[GDB]] (GNU debugger file)<br />
* [[Precompiled header file]] (.gch, .pch)<br />
* [[Visual Studio PDB]] (Program debug database)<br />
<br />
== Interface ==<br />
* [[Nib file]] (Mac OS X development; windowed interfaces) (.nib)<br />
* [[Storyboard file]] (iOS development) (.storyboard)<br />
* [[Xib file]] (Mac OS X / iOS development; replaced Nib files) (.xib)<br />
<br />
== Intermediate ==<br />
* [[Apple framework]] (.framework: OS X or iOS)<br />
* [[CLASS]] (Java bytecode)<br />
* [[Microsoft Library|LIB (Microsoft style)]] (used with Microsoft compilers for MS-DOS)<br />
* [[AR|LIB (Unix-style)]] (Static library file, a variant of the UNIX ar format)<br />
* [[Object file format]] (.o, .obj)<br />
* [[Precompiled Header]] (.pch)<br />
* [[PYC]] (Python bytecode)<br />
* [[SREC]] (.s19, .sre, .srec, .s)<br />
* [[Turbo Pascal Unit]] (.tpu)<br />
<br />
== Linking ==<br />
* [[IIK]] (Incremental link file)<br />
* [[MAP]] (Memory map link information)<br />
<br />
== Project ==<br />
* [[APL workspace]] (stores a set of functions and variables comprising a program or project)<br />
* [[Developer Studio project]] (.dsp)<br />
* [[Developer Studio workspace]] (.dsw)<br />
* [[FLA]] (Macromedia Flash project file)<br />
* [[IntelliJ Idea Module]] (.iml)<br />
* [[IntelliJ Idea Project]] (.ipr)<br />
* [[IntelliJ Idea Website]] (.iws)<br />
* [[UltraEdit project file]] (.prj, pui)<br />
* [[Visual Basic project file]] (.vbp, .vbproj)<br />
* [[Visual Studio IntelliSense Database File]] (.sdf)<br />
* [[Visual Studio No Compile Browser File]] (.ncb)<br />
* [[Visual Studio project file]] (.vcproj, .vcxproj, .vdproj)<br />
* [[Visual Studio Solution File]] (.sln)<br />
* [[Visual Studio Solution Options File]] (.suo)<br />
* [[Xcode Project]] (.xcodeproj): Mac/iOS development<br />
<br />
== Remote procedure calls ==<br />
* [[JSON-RPC]]<br />
* [[XML-RPC]]<br />
<br />
== Resource ==<br />
* [[Resource script file]] (.rc, .rc2)<br />
* [[Xcode Core Data Model]] (.xcdatamodel, .xcdatamodeld)<br />
* [[Macintosh resource file]] (Mac OS Classic development) (.rsrc)<br />
* [[DFF]]<br />
<br />
== Revision control systems / code repositories ==<br />
* [[Concurrent Versions System]] (CVS)<br />
* [[Git]]<br />
** [[Github]]<br />
* [[Mercurial]] (hg)<br />
<br />
== Runtime environments ==<br />
* [[node.js]]<br />
<br />
== Specialized ==<br />
* [[Game Maker]] (.gm6, .gmk)<br />
* [[UltraEdit wordfile]] (.uew)<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/protolo.txt A sketch of an architecture-independent object-code format]<br />
* [http://www.bluecloudsolutions.com/blog/money-apps-turn-1k-200k-portfolio/ Somebody's "How To Make Money With Apps" article] (that, unintentionally, gives insights into why smartphone apps suck so much these days)<br />
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/04/24/band-releases-album-as-linux-k.html Band releases album as Linux kernel module]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MercurialMercurial2014-12-27T21:41:40Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Development |released=2005 }} '''Mercurial''' (hg) is an open-source distributed revision control system for software development, ..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Development<br />
|released=2005<br />
}}<br />
'''Mercurial''' (hg) is an open-source distributed revision control system for software development, originally developed by Matt Mackall. It has been adopted by a number of projects, including Mozilla, OpenJDK, and Python.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/FileFormats Mercurial repository file formats]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Mercurial|Wikipedia article]]<br />
* [http://mercurial.selenic.com/ Official site]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/GitGit2014-12-27T21:37:51Z<p>Alanc: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Development<br />
|released=2005<br />
}}<br />
'''git''' is an open-source revision control system for software development, originally developed by Linus Torvalds for tracking [[Linux]] kernel sources, before being widely adopted by many other projects and companies.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://git-scm.com/docs/gitrepository-layout GIT repository layout]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Git (software)|Wikipedia article]]<br />
* [http://git-scm.com/ Official site]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/GitGit2014-12-27T21:36:13Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Development |released=2005 }} '''git''' (CVS) is an open-source revision control system for software development, originally develo..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Development<br />
|released=2005<br />
}}<br />
'''git''' (CVS) is an open-source revision control system for software development, originally developed by Linus Torvalds for tracking [[Linux]] kernel sources, before being widely adopted by many other projects and companies.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://git-scm.com/docs/gitrepository-layout GIT repository layout]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Git (software)|Wikipedia article]]<br />
* [http://git-scm.com/ Official site]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PostScript_fontPostScript font2014-12-27T21:07:51Z<p>Alanc: add type 42 info</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Fonts<br />
|released=1984<br />
}}<br />
'''PostScript font''' is a collection of outline font formats developed by Adobe.<br />
<br />
== Formats ==<br />
* '''Type 1''': '''PostScript Type 1''' is also known as [[Adobe Type 1]].<br />
* '''Type 2'''<br />
* '''Type 3''': '''PostScript Type 3''' is more advanced than Type 1, and allows use of the full [[PostScript]] language.<br />
* '''Type 4'''<br />
* '''Type 5'''<br />
* '''Type 9'''<br />
* '''Type 10'''<br />
* '''Type 11'''<br />
* '''Type 14'''<br />
* '''Type 32'''<br />
* '''Type 42''' is a wrapper for a [[TrueType]] font, as defined in http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/font/5012.Type42_Spec.pdf<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:PostScript fonts|Wikipedia article]]<br />
* [http://www.adobe.com/support/techdocs/328509.html PostScript Type 1 and Type 3 Fonts General Information]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Adobe]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/F3_fontF3 font2014-12-27T21:06:02Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Fonts |extensions={{ext|f3b}} }} '''F3''' was a scalable font format created by Folio, Inc., which was later purchased by Sun Micro..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Fonts<br />
|extensions={{ext|f3b}}<br />
}}<br />
'''F3''' was a scalable font format created by Folio, Inc., which was later purchased by Sun Microsystems. It was supported by the Solaris [[X Window System]] in releases up through Solaris 10, and then support was removed.<br />
<br />
Sun attempted to make F3 into an industry standard under the name OpenFonts, but lost out to the [[TrueType]] and [[PostScript font]] formats.<br />
<br />
F3 fonts were recognized in Solaris Display PostScript as Type 7 fonts.<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:F3 (font_format)|Wikipedia article]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/FontsFonts2014-12-27T20:45:00Z<p>Alanc: Add Speedo font format</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|thiscat=Fonts<br />
|image=Fonts.png<br />
}}<br />
Fonts describe how text looks (as opposed to how the characters are represented in text, which is the area of [[Character Encoding]]s). There are a number of formats that describe fonts for computers. <br />
<br />
* [[Acorn Font]]<br />
* [[Adobe Type 1]] (PostScript Type 1, ATM, .pfb, .pfm, .afm)<br />
* [[Amiga bitmap font]]<br />
* [[BDF]]<br />
* [[ChiWriter font]]<br />
* [[CID]], [[TFM]], [[OFM]], [[OVF]], [[OVP]], [[MetaFont]] TeX Fonts and support data<br />
* [[Data Fork Suitcase font]] (OS X, .dfont)<br />
* [[dfont]]<br />
* [[EOT|Embedded OpenType]]<br />
* [[FNT (Windows Font)]]<br />
* [[FON]] (Windows Font with NE/PE container)<br />
* [[Font Suitcase]] (Mac pre-OS X, uses resource fork)<br />
* [[GEOS Font]]<br />
* [[IntelliFont]]<br />
* [[Open Font Format]]<br />
* [[OpenType]] (.otf)<br />
* [[PC Screen Font]]<br />
* [[PCF]]<br />
* [[PostScript font]]<br />
* [[sfnt]]<br />
* [[Speedo]] (.spd)<br />
* [[TheDraw font]] (.tdf)<br />
* [[TrueType]] (.ttf)<br />
* [[WOFF|Web Open Font Format]]<br />
<br />
See [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Font_formats Wikipedia] for more.<br />
<br />
==Resources==<br />
* O'Reilly, "Fonts and Encodings", Yannis Haralambous, ISBN 978-0-596-10242-5<br />
* [http://www.mcsweeneys.net/articles/im-comic-sans-asshole I'm Comic Sans, Asshole!]<br />
* [http://comicneue.com/ Comic Neue: an attempted replacement for Comic Sans]<br />
* [http://www.dustbury.com/archives/18596 Times is on my side]<br />
* [http://reason.com/blog/2013/06/21/dont-want-the-nsa-to-read-your-email-use Don't Want the NSA to Read Your Documents? Use This Font.]<br />
* [http://opendyslexic.org/ Open Dyslexic font; designed to be more easily readable by dyslexics]<br />
* [http://hivelogic.com/articles/top-10-programming-fonts Top 10 programming fonts]<br />
* [http://www.slant.co/topics/67/~what-are-the-best-programming-fonts What are the best programming fonts?]<br />
* [http://www.cracked.com/blog/5-genuinely-offensive-font-choices-that-must-be-stopped/ 5 Genuinely Offensive Font Choices That Must Be Stopped]<br />
* [http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/417863689/travelling-font-salesman-typographic-book Travelling Font Salesman - Typographic Book]<br />
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/01/30/creatingafont.html Creating a font from a classic comic]<br />
* [http://thenextweb.com/dd/2013/12/23/science-behind-fonts-make-feel/ The science behind fonts (and how they make you feel)]<br />
* [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/03/07/webfonts-making-wikimedia-projects-readable-for-everyone/ Webfonts: Making Wikimedia projects readable for everyone]<br />
* [http://damieng.com/blog/2011/02/20/typography-in-8-bits-system-fonts Typography in 8 bits: System fonts]<br />
* [http://opentype.info/blog/2013/07/03/color-emoji-in-windows-8-1-the-future-of-color-fonts/ Color Emoji in Windows 8.1—The Future of Color Fonts?]<br />
* [http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/25/tech/social-media/image-macros-memes-impact-font/ This font has a big Impact on memes]<br />
* [http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/freetype/freetype2.git/tree/docs/formats.txt FreeType 2: Supported Font Formats]<br />
* [https://github.com/file/file/blob/master/magic/Magdir/fonts Magic sequences for font formats recognized by file command]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/FontsFonts2014-12-27T20:44:32Z<p>Alanc: Add link to Magic sequences for font formats recognized by file command</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|thiscat=Fonts<br />
|image=Fonts.png<br />
}}<br />
Fonts describe how text looks (as opposed to how the characters are represented in text, which is the area of [[Character Encoding]]s). There are a number of formats that describe fonts for computers. <br />
<br />
* [[Acorn Font]]<br />
* [[Adobe Type 1]] (PostScript Type 1, ATM, .pfb, .pfm, .afm)<br />
* [[Amiga bitmap font]]<br />
* [[BDF]]<br />
* [[ChiWriter font]]<br />
* [[CID]], [[TFM]], [[OFM]], [[OVF]], [[OVP]], [[MetaFont]] TeX Fonts and support data<br />
* [[Data Fork Suitcase font]] (OS X, .dfont)<br />
* [[dfont]]<br />
* [[EOT|Embedded OpenType]]<br />
* [[FNT (Windows Font)]]<br />
* [[FON]] (Windows Font with NE/PE container)<br />
* [[Font Suitcase]] (Mac pre-OS X, uses resource fork)<br />
* [[GEOS Font]]<br />
* [[IntelliFont]]<br />
* [[Open Font Format]]<br />
* [[OpenType]] (.otf)<br />
* [[PC Screen Font]]<br />
* [[PCF]]<br />
* [[PostScript font]]<br />
* [[sfnt]]<br />
* [[TheDraw font]] (.tdf)<br />
* [[TrueType]] (.ttf)<br />
* [[WOFF|Web Open Font Format]]<br />
<br />
See [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Font_formats Wikipedia] for more.<br />
<br />
==Resources==<br />
* O'Reilly, "Fonts and Encodings", Yannis Haralambous, ISBN 978-0-596-10242-5<br />
* [http://www.mcsweeneys.net/articles/im-comic-sans-asshole I'm Comic Sans, Asshole!]<br />
* [http://comicneue.com/ Comic Neue: an attempted replacement for Comic Sans]<br />
* [http://www.dustbury.com/archives/18596 Times is on my side]<br />
* [http://reason.com/blog/2013/06/21/dont-want-the-nsa-to-read-your-email-use Don't Want the NSA to Read Your Documents? Use This Font.]<br />
* [http://opendyslexic.org/ Open Dyslexic font; designed to be more easily readable by dyslexics]<br />
* [http://hivelogic.com/articles/top-10-programming-fonts Top 10 programming fonts]<br />
* [http://www.slant.co/topics/67/~what-are-the-best-programming-fonts What are the best programming fonts?]<br />
* [http://www.cracked.com/blog/5-genuinely-offensive-font-choices-that-must-be-stopped/ 5 Genuinely Offensive Font Choices That Must Be Stopped]<br />
* [http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/417863689/travelling-font-salesman-typographic-book Travelling Font Salesman - Typographic Book]<br />
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/01/30/creatingafont.html Creating a font from a classic comic]<br />
* [http://thenextweb.com/dd/2013/12/23/science-behind-fonts-make-feel/ The science behind fonts (and how they make you feel)]<br />
* [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/03/07/webfonts-making-wikimedia-projects-readable-for-everyone/ Webfonts: Making Wikimedia projects readable for everyone]<br />
* [http://damieng.com/blog/2011/02/20/typography-in-8-bits-system-fonts Typography in 8 bits: System fonts]<br />
* [http://opentype.info/blog/2013/07/03/color-emoji-in-windows-8-1-the-future-of-color-fonts/ Color Emoji in Windows 8.1—The Future of Color Fonts?]<br />
* [http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/25/tech/social-media/image-macros-memes-impact-font/ This font has a big Impact on memes]<br />
* [http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/freetype/freetype2.git/tree/docs/formats.txt FreeType 2: Supported Font Formats]<br />
* [https://github.com/file/file/blob/master/magic/Magdir/fonts Magic sequences for font formats recognized by file command]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SpeedoSpeedo2014-12-27T20:42:21Z<p>Alanc: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Fonts<br />
|extensions={{ext|spd}}<br />
}}<br />
'''Speedo''' is a scalable font format created by Bitstream, Inc. It was supported by the [[X Window System]] in releases up to X11R6.9, and then support was removed.<br />
<br />
== Identification ==<br />
Files begin with "<code>D1.0\r\n</code>".<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [http://www.x.org/releases/X11R6.9.0/ X11R6.9.0], under <tt>xc/lib/font/Speedo/</tt><br />
<br />
== Sample files ==<br />
* http://www.x.org/releases/individual/font/font-bitstream-speedo-1.0.2.tar.bz2<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Bitstream Speedo Fonts|Wikipedia article]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SpeedoSpeedo2014-12-27T20:41:18Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Fonts |extensions={{spd}} }} '''Speedo''' is a scalable font format created by Bitstream, Inc. It was supported by the [[X Window ..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Fonts<br />
|extensions={{spd}}<br />
}}<br />
'''Speedo''' is a scalable font format created by Bitstream, Inc. It was supported by the [[X Window System]] in releases up to X11R6.9, and then support was removed.<br />
<br />
== Identification ==<br />
Files begin with "<code>D1.0\r\n</code>".<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [http://www.x.org/releases/X11R6.9.0/ X11R6.9.0], under <tt>xc/lib/font/Speedo/</tt><br />
<br />
== Sample files ==<br />
* http://www.x.org/releases/individual/font/font-bitstream-speedo-1.0.2.tar.bz2<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Bitstream Speedo Fonts|Wikipedia article]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XWDXWD2014-12-27T20:04:14Z<p>Alanc: Add links to xwd & xwud utilities from X.Org, and to X Window System wiki page</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Graphics<br />
|extensions={{ext|xwd}}<br />
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/401}}, {{PRONOM|x-fmt/300}}<br />
}}<br />
'''XWD''' ('''X Window Dump''') is a raster image file format used by the [[X Window System]].<br />
<br />
There are two versions of it: X10 and X11. They have different header formats and capabilities.<br />
<br />
There is no official specification, and it is challenging to decode all the possible types of XWD images.<br />
<br />
Some sources list '''.xdm''' as an alternate file extension, but others imply that xdm files have a different format.<br />
<br />
== Specs ==<br />
* [http://www.fileformat.info/format/xwd/spec/index.htm Specs as .h file]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [[Netpbm]]<br />
* [[XnView]]<br />
* xwd (X Window Dump): [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/app/xwd/ git repo], [http://www.x.org/releases/individual/app/ tarball releases]<br />
* xwud (X Window Un-Dump): [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/app/xwud/ git repo], [http://www.x.org/releases/individual/app/ tarball releases]<br />
<br />
== Sample files ==<br />
* http://www.fileformat.info/format/xwd/sample/index.htm<br />
* http://stuff.mit.edu/afs/athena/contrib/graphics/images/xpix/<br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* {{EGFF|xwd|XWD File Format Summary}}, from the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]<br />
* [http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=XWD MultimediaWiki article]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:xwd|Wikipedia: xwd]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ZFSZFS2014-12-27T19:51:32Z<p>Alanc: add storage format links, plus some more references</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Filesystem<br />
|released=2005<br />
}}<br />
'''ZFS''' is a [[filesystem]] originally developed by Sun Microsystems. It has sophisticated features including software RAID, deduplication, and data compression.<br />
<br />
== On Linux ==<br />
ZFS cannot be incorporated into the Linux kernel distribution, due to license incompatibilities. However, a native Linux port of it is available, and was declared to be production-ready as of March 2013.<br />
<br />
== Storage formats ==<br />
* [https://maczfs.googlecode.com/files/ZFSOnDiskFormat.pdf ZFS On-Disk Specification – Draft] (ZFSOnDiskFormat.pdf, Sun Microsystems, Inc., 2006-08) <br />
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36835/appendixa-1.html#scrolltoc Oracle Solaris 11.2 ZFS Version Descriptions]<br />
* [http://open-zfs.org/wiki/Features#Feature_Flags OpenZFS Feature Flags]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:ZFS|Wikipedia article]]<br />
* [http://open-zfs.org/ OpenZFS]<br />
* [http://zfsonlinux.org/ ZFS on Linux]<br />
* [http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/solaris11/technologies/data-management-2237949.html Oracle Solaris 11 ZFS]<br />
* [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/03/30/zfs_on_linux_production_ready/ Article about production-ready ZFS for Linux]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Sun_RasterSun Raster2014-12-27T19:27:10Z<p>Alanc: /* Specifications */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Graphics<br />
|extensions={{ext|sun}}, {{ext|ras}}, {{ext|rast}}, {{ext|rs}}, {{ext|sr}}, {{ext|scr}}, {{ext|im1}}, {{ext|im8}}, {{ext|im24}}, {{ext|im32}}<br />
|pronom={{PRONOM|x-fmt/184}}<br />
}}<br />
'''Sun Raster''' is an image file format commonly used on Sun operating systems. It supports grayscale, paletted, and full color images. Images may be uncompressed, or use [[Run-length encoding|RLE]] compression.<br />
<br />
== Format ==<br />
Files have a fixed 32-byte header.<br />
<br />
== Identification ==<br />
Files begin with signature bytes <code>59 a6 6a 95</code>.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* http://www.fileformat.info/format/sunraster/spec/index.htm<br />
* https://hg.java.net/hg/solaris-x11~x-s12-clone/file/b0bfd498768f/open-src/data/rasterfile/sun-src<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/ Netpbm]: pnmtorast, rasttopnm<br />
* [http://www.imagemagick.org/ ImageMagick] (format named "RAS" or "SUN")<br />
<br />
== Sample files ==<br />
* http://samples.libav.org/image-samples/sunrast/<br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* [http://www.fileformat.info/format/sunraster/egff.htm Sun Raster File Format Summary], from the Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats<br />
* [http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=Sun_rasterfile MultimediaWiki article]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sun]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DevelopmentDevelopment2014-12-27T19:19:36Z<p>Alanc: add Imakefile</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|thiscat=Development<br />
|image=At the Computer 06.png<br />
}}<br />
<br />
File formats concerning compilers, interpreters, linkers, IDEs, etc.<br />
<br />
See also: [[Source code]], [[Executables]]<br />
<br />
== Build Automation ==<br />
* [[Apache Ant build file]]<br />
* [[Apache Maven POM file]]<br />
* [[Imake|Imakefile]]<br />
* [[Jamfile]]<br />
* [[Makefile]]<br />
<br />
== Cloud platforms ==<br />
* [[Heroku]]<br />
<br />
== Compiling ==<br />
* [[BSC]] (Browser code file)<br />
* [[IDB]] (State file)<br />
* [[IDL]] (Interface definition language file)<br />
* [[ODL (Microsoft Object Description Language)|ODL]] (Object Description Language)<br />
* [[SBR]] (Visual Studio source browser intermediate file)<br />
<br />
== Debug ==<br />
* [[GDB]] (GNU debugger file)<br />
* [[Precompiled header file]] (.gch, .pch)<br />
* [[Visual Studio PDB]] (Program debug database)<br />
<br />
== Interface ==<br />
* [[Nib file]] (Mac OS X development; windowed interfaces) (.nib)<br />
* [[Storyboard file]] (iOS development) (.storyboard)<br />
* [[Xib file]] (Mac OS X / iOS development; replaced Nib files) (.xib)<br />
<br />
== Intermediate ==<br />
* [[Apple framework]] (.framework: OS X or iOS)<br />
* [[CLASS]] (Java bytecode)<br />
* [[Microsoft Library|LIB (Microsoft style)]] (used with Microsoft compilers for MS-DOS)<br />
* [[AR|LIB (Unix-style)]] (Static library file, a variant of the UNIX ar format)<br />
* [[Object file format]] (.o, .obj)<br />
* [[Precompiled Header]] (.pch)<br />
* [[PYC]] (Python bytecode)<br />
* [[SREC]] (.s19, .sre, .srec, .s)<br />
* [[Turbo Pascal Unit]] (.tpu)<br />
<br />
== Linking ==<br />
* [[IIK]] (Incremental link file)<br />
* [[MAP]] (Memory map link information)<br />
<br />
== Project ==<br />
* [[APL workspace]] (stores a set of functions and variables comprising a program or project)<br />
* [[Developer Studio project]] (.dsp)<br />
* [[Developer Studio workspace]] (.dsw)<br />
* [[FLA]] (Macromedia Flash project file)<br />
* [[IntelliJ Idea Module]] (.iml)<br />
* [[IntelliJ Idea Project]] (.ipr)<br />
* [[IntelliJ Idea Website]] (.iws)<br />
* [[UltraEdit project file]] (.prj, pui)<br />
* [[Visual Basic project file]] (.vbp, .vbproj)<br />
* [[Visual Studio IntelliSense Database File]] (.sdf)<br />
* [[Visual Studio No Compile Browser File]] (.ncb)<br />
* [[Visual Studio project file]] (.vcproj, .vcxproj, .vdproj)<br />
* [[Visual Studio Solution File]] (.sln)<br />
* [[Visual Studio Solution Options File]] (.suo)<br />
* [[Xcode Project]] (.xcodeproj): Mac/iOS development<br />
<br />
== Remote procedure calls ==<br />
* [[JSON-RPC]]<br />
* [[XML-RPC]]<br />
<br />
== Resource ==<br />
* [[Resource script file]] (.rc, .rc2)<br />
* [[Xcode Core Data Model]] (.xcdatamodel, .xcdatamodeld)<br />
* [[Macintosh resource file]] (Mac OS Classic development) (.rsrc)<br />
* [[DFF]]<br />
<br />
== Revision control systems / code repositories ==<br />
* [[Concurrent Versions System]] (CVS)<br />
* [[Git]]<br />
** [[Github]]<br />
<br />
== Runtime environments ==<br />
* [[node.js]]<br />
<br />
== Specialized ==<br />
* [[Game Maker]] (.gm6, .gmk)<br />
* [[UltraEdit wordfile]] (.uew)<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/protolo.txt A sketch of an architecture-independent object-code format]<br />
* [http://www.bluecloudsolutions.com/blog/money-apps-turn-1k-200k-portfolio/ Somebody's "How To Make Money With Apps" article] (that, unintentionally, gives insights into why smartphone apps suck so much these days)<br />
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/04/24/band-releases-album-as-linux-k.html Band releases album as Linux kernel module]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ImakeImake2014-12-27T19:18:23Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "Imake was a build tool used to generate Makefiles for software to be portable to a range of operating systems. It was originally developed to build the X Window System, ..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Imake was a build tool used to generate Makefiles for software to be portable to a range of operating systems. It was originally developed to build the [[X Window System]], and was adopted by many X applications, and some non-X software such as the tcsh shell. It required maintaining a per-platform config file containing all the information about which interfaces were used on each platform, and thus did not scale well from the commercial Unix world it was designed for to the explosion of free OS distros, nor to handling interface choices that were needed by new programs. The X Window System itself moved from Imake to the GNU autotools (autoconf, automake, libtool, pkg-config) in 2005, and while X.Org still provides Imake for existing software that needs it, has deprecated it and recommends against using it in new software.<br />
<br />
== File Format ==<br />
<br />
Software that was to be built with imake distributed files named ''Imakefile'', one in each directory that needed a Makefile. The file was basically a Makefile format file in which certain sections or text would be generated using C language style macros which were expanded via the ''cpp'' preprocessor.<br />
<br />
To build such software, users would usually run the command ''xmkmf'' which is a shell script wrapper around the ''imake'' command. ''imake'' in turn determined which platform specific defines needed to be passed to ''cpp'', set up the include paths for the imake config files which ''cpp'' would include to find the macro defintions, and then used ''cpp'' to generate ''Makefile'' files in each subdirectory. Users could then run "make" or "make install" as necessary to build and install the software.<br />
<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.x.org/releases/individual/util/ X.Org download site for imake & config file releases]<br />
* [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/util/imake X.Org git repo for imake]<br />
* [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/util/cf/ X.Org git repo for imake config files]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
* [http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9781565922266.do ''Software Portability with imake, 2nd Edition''] by Paul DuBois, ISBN 978-1-56592-226-6<br />
* [http://www.kitebird.com/imake-book/ Archive for "Software Portability with imake" (2nd edition)]<br />
* [http://www.snake.net/software/imake-stuff/ imake-Related Software and Documentation]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Software]]<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/X_Window_SystemX Window System2014-12-27T18:59:17Z<p>Alanc: Created page with "The X Window System is an open source ([http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/xorg-docs/License.html mostly MIT licensed]) framework for building graphical user interfaces. I..."</p>
<hr />
<div>The X Window System is an open source ([http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/xorg-docs/License.html mostly MIT licensed]) framework for building graphical user interfaces. It provides the abstraction layer between the hardware and the GUI toolkits, allowing a variety of user interfaces to be developed on top of it. It was included in most Unix variants, and until recently, was the primary GUI layer on [[Linux]] systems as well, though newer options such as [http://wayland.freedesktop.org/ Wayland] and [http://unity.ubuntu.com/mir/ Mir] are being developed now to replace X.<br />
<br />
X Version 11, aka X11, was [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.windows.x/NFT3Ax2Io7g/Jn37aUty-2QJ first released in September 1987], and has maintained compatibility of the network protocol and client API since then.<br />
<br />
Releases from [http://www.x.org/wiki/X11R1/ X11R1] in 1987 through [http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/6.9/ X11R6.9] in 2005 consisted of the entire window system in one unified release, built via the [[Imake]] build tool.<br />
<br />
Starting with [http://www.x.org/wiki/Releases/7.0/ X11R7.0] in 2005, X11 was broken up into [http://www.x.org/wiki/ModuleDescriptions/ individual modules] which are [http://www.x.org/releases/individual/ released individually], each configured & built with the GNU autotools suite (autoconf, automake, libtool, pkg-config). Rollup “katamari” releases of all the latest individual modules are still released occasionally, most recently as [http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/ X11R7.7] in 2012, but most distros now rely on just tracking the individual package releases instead. Releases of modules, katamaris, and security fixes are announced on the [http://lists.x.org/archives/xorg-announce/ xorg-announce] mailing list.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.x.org/ X.Org Foundation], current maintainers of the X Window System<br />
* [http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/index.html Documentation for X11R7.7], including specifications for various standards, protocols, & APIs<br />
* [http://www.x.org/releases/individual/ Individual module releases for X11R7 modules]<br />
* [http://www.x.org/wiki/ModuleDescriptions/ Descriptions of individual X11R7 modules]<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_Window_System Wikipedia page for the X Window System]<br />
* [http://www.rahul.net/kenton/xsites.html Kenton Lee's index of Technical X Window System and Motif WWW Sites]<br />
* [http://www.x.org/wiki/guide/ The X New Developer’s Guide]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Software]]<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XBMXBM2014-12-27T18:33:30Z<p>Alanc: typo</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Graphics<br />
|extensions={{ext|xbm}}, {{ext|bm}}<br />
|mimetypes={{mimetype|image/x-xbitmap}}<br />
|pronom={{PRONOM|x-fmt/207}}, {{PRONOM|x-fmt/299}}<br />
}}<br />
'''XBM''' ('''X BitMap''') is a file format for bi-level raster images, originally associated with the X Window System. It was, and to some extent still is, widely supported by graphics software.<br />
<br />
An XBM file is plain text, and doubles as a fragment of [[C]] programming code. The format is very inefficient in size, but it can be useful as a simple way to embed an image into a C program.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[XPM]]<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/libX11/libX11/libX11.html#Manipulating_Bitmaps Manipulating Bitmaps] section of [http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/libX11/libX11/libX11.html Xlib - C Language X Interface: X Consortium Standard]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [[X Window System]]: [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libX11/tree/src/RdBitF.c XReadBitmapFile] & [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libX11/tree/src/WrBitF.c XWriteBitmapFile] in [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libX11 libX11]<br />
* [[Netpbm]]: pbmtoxbm, xbmtopbm<br />
* [[ImageMagick]]<br />
* [[XnView]]<br />
* [http://www.gimp.org GIMP]<br />
<br />
== Sample files ==<br />
* http://www.fileformat.info/format/xbm/sample/index.htm<br />
* http://ftp.x.org/pub/individual/data/xbitmaps-1.1.1.tar.gz<br />
* http://cd.textfiles.com/blackcrawling/ICONS/<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* {{EGFF|xbm|XBM File Format Summary}}, from the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:X BitMap|Wikipedia article]]<br />
* [https://twitter.com/angealbertini/status/532652860702326784/photo/1 Image describing XBM format]<br />
<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XBMXBM2014-12-27T18:31:38Z<p>Alanc: add links to X.Org spec & sources</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Graphics<br />
|extensions={{ext|xbm}}, {{ext|bm}}<br />
|mimetypes={{mimetype|image/x-xbitmap}}<br />
|pronom={{PRONOM|x-fmt/207}}, {{PRONOM|x-fmt/299}}<br />
}}<br />
'''XBM''' ('''X BitMap''') is a file format for bi-level raster images, originally associated with the X Window System. It was, and to some extent still is, widely supported by graphics software.<br />
<br />
An XBM file is plain text, and doubles as a fragment of [[C]] programming code. The format is very inefficient in size, but it can be useful as a simple way to embed an image into a C program.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[XPM]]<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/libX11/libX11/libX11.html#Manipulating_Bitmaps Manimulating Bitmaps] section of [http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/libX11/libX11/libX11.html Xlib - C Language X Interface: X Consortium Standard]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [[X Window System]]: [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libX11/tree/src/RdBitF.c XReadBitmapFile] & [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libX11/tree/src/WrBitF.c XWriteBitmapFile] in [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libX11 libX11]<br />
* [[Netpbm]]: pbmtoxbm, xbmtopbm<br />
* [[ImageMagick]]<br />
* [[XnView]]<br />
* [http://www.gimp.org GIMP]<br />
<br />
== Sample files ==<br />
* http://www.fileformat.info/format/xbm/sample/index.htm<br />
* http://ftp.x.org/pub/individual/data/xbitmaps-1.1.1.tar.gz<br />
* http://cd.textfiles.com/blackcrawling/ICONS/<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* {{EGFF|xbm|XBM File Format Summary}}, from the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:X BitMap|Wikipedia article]]<br />
* [https://twitter.com/angealbertini/status/532652860702326784/photo/1 Image describing XBM format]<br />
<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/User:AlancUser:Alanc2014-12-27T18:19:03Z<p>Alanc: Created page with " == Alan Coopersmith == Maintainer, various portions of X Window System software & documentation for [http://www.x.org/ X.Org] Engineer, Oracle Solaris operating system == ..."</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
== Alan Coopersmith ==<br />
<br />
Maintainer, various portions of X Window System software & documentation for [http://www.x.org/ X.Org]<br />
<br />
Engineer, Oracle Solaris operating system<br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
* http://www.x.org/wiki/AlanCoopersmith/<br />
* https://blogs.oracle.com/alanc/<br />
* https://twitter.com/alanc</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XPMXPM2014-12-27T18:14:14Z<p>Alanc: Add link to specification, update link to latest libxpm sources</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Graphics<br />
|extensions={{ext|xpm}}, {{ext|pm}}<br />
|pronom={{PRONOM|x-fmt/208}}<br />
|released=1989<br />
}}<br />
'''X PixMap''' ('''XPM''') is an uncompressed raster image file format. It is essentially the color version of [[XBM]].<br />
<br />
An XPM file is plain text. Except for the little-used XPM version 2, it doubles as a fragment of [[C]] program code.<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [http://www.x.org/docs/XPM/xpm.pdf XPM Manual: The X PixMap Format, Version 3.4i]<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [[Netpbm]]: ppmtoxpm, xpmtoppm<br />
* http://www.x.org/releases/individual/lib/ → libXpm-3.5.11.tar.gz<br />
<br />
== Sample files ==<br />
* http://www.fileformat.info/format/xpm/sample/index.htm<br />
* http://stuff.mit.edu/afs/athena/contrib/graphics/images/icons/<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{EGFF|xpm|XPM File Format Summary}}, from the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/People/danield/xpm_story.html The XPM Story]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:X PixMap|Wikipedia article]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/FontsFonts2014-12-27T18:04:18Z<p>Alanc: /* Resources */ add link to FreeType 2: Supported Font Formats</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|thiscat=Fonts<br />
|image=Fonts.png<br />
}}<br />
Fonts describe how text looks (as opposed to how the characters are represented in text, which is the area of [[Character Encoding]]s). There are a number of formats that describe fonts for computers. <br />
<br />
* [[Acorn Font]]<br />
* [[Adobe Type 1]] (PostScript Type 1, ATM, .pfb, .pfm, .afm)<br />
* [[Amiga bitmap font]]<br />
* [[BDF]]<br />
* [[ChiWriter font]]<br />
* [[CID]], [[TFM]], [[OFM]], [[OVF]], [[OVP]], [[MetaFont]] TeX Fonts and support data<br />
* [[Data Fork Suitcase font]] (OS X, .dfont)<br />
* [[dfont]]<br />
* [[EOT|Embedded OpenType]]<br />
* [[FNT (Windows Font)]]<br />
* [[FON]] (Windows Font with NE/PE container)<br />
* [[Font Suitcase]] (Mac pre-OS X, uses resource fork)<br />
* [[GEOS Font]]<br />
* [[IntelliFont]]<br />
* [[Open Font Format]]<br />
* [[OpenType]] (.otf)<br />
* [[PC Screen Font]]<br />
* [[PCF]]<br />
* [[PostScript font]]<br />
* [[sfnt]]<br />
* [[TheDraw font]] (.tdf)<br />
* [[TrueType]] (.ttf)<br />
* [[WOFF|Web Open Font Format]]<br />
<br />
See [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Font_formats Wikipedia] for more.<br />
<br />
==Resources==<br />
* O'Reilly, "Fonts and Encodings", Yannis Haralambous, ISBN 978-0-596-10242-5<br />
* [http://www.mcsweeneys.net/articles/im-comic-sans-asshole I'm Comic Sans, Asshole!]<br />
* [http://comicneue.com/ Comic Neue: an attempted replacement for Comic Sans]<br />
* [http://www.dustbury.com/archives/18596 Times is on my side]<br />
* [http://reason.com/blog/2013/06/21/dont-want-the-nsa-to-read-your-email-use Don't Want the NSA to Read Your Documents? Use This Font.]<br />
* [http://opendyslexic.org/ Open Dyslexic font; designed to be more easily readable by dyslexics]<br />
* [http://hivelogic.com/articles/top-10-programming-fonts Top 10 programming fonts]<br />
* [http://www.slant.co/topics/67/~what-are-the-best-programming-fonts What are the best programming fonts?]<br />
* [http://www.cracked.com/blog/5-genuinely-offensive-font-choices-that-must-be-stopped/ 5 Genuinely Offensive Font Choices That Must Be Stopped]<br />
* [http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/417863689/travelling-font-salesman-typographic-book Travelling Font Salesman - Typographic Book]<br />
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/01/30/creatingafont.html Creating a font from a classic comic]<br />
* [http://thenextweb.com/dd/2013/12/23/science-behind-fonts-make-feel/ The science behind fonts (and how they make you feel)]<br />
* [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/03/07/webfonts-making-wikimedia-projects-readable-for-everyone/ Webfonts: Making Wikimedia projects readable for everyone]<br />
* [http://damieng.com/blog/2011/02/20/typography-in-8-bits-system-fonts Typography in 8 bits: System fonts]<br />
* [http://opentype.info/blog/2013/07/03/color-emoji-in-windows-8-1-the-future-of-color-fonts/ Color Emoji in Windows 8.1—The Future of Color Fonts?]<br />
* [http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/25/tech/social-media/image-macros-memes-impact-font/ This font has a big Impact on memes]<br />
* [http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/freetype/freetype2.git/tree/docs/formats.txt FreeType 2: Supported Font Formats]</div>Alanchttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PCFPCF2014-12-27T18:02:18Z<p>Alanc: update existing links and add a couple more</p>
<hr />
<div>{{FormatInfo<br />
|formattype=electronic<br />
|subcat=Fonts<br />
|extensions={{ext|pcf}}<br />
}}<br />
'''PCF''' ('''Portable Compiled Format''') is a bitmap font format used by the X Window System. It is more or less a binary version of [[BDF]].<br />
<br />
== Identification ==<br />
Files begin with <code>0x01</code> "<code>fcp</code>".<br />
<br />
== Specifications ==<br />
* [https://fontforge.github.io/en-US/documentation/reference/pcf-format/ Format for X11 pcf bitmap font files]<br />
* Appendix D (pgs. 436-450) of [http://books.google.com/books/about/The_X_Window_system_server.html?id=0s5QAAAAYAAJ ''The X Window System Server: X Version 11, Release 5''] by Elias Israel & Erik Fortune, Digital Press, 1992. ISBN 1-55558-096-3<br />
<br />
<br />
== Software ==<br />
* [https://packages.debian.org/source/sid/pcf2bdf pcf2bdf]<br />
* [http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/app/bdftopcf/ bdftopcf]<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:Portable Compiled Format|Wikipedia article]]<br />
* [http://www.x.org/archive/X11R7.7/doc/man/man1/bdftopcf.1.xhtml bdftopcf man page]<br />
<br />
[[Category:X Window System]]</div>Alanc