Just Solve the File Format Problem - User contributions [en]

Disk Image Formats

2026-01-19T05:11:05Z

RSola: /* PC (DOS/Windows) */ Added Disk Image Archiver by Ray Arachelian

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|thiscat=Disk Image Formats
|image=Selanit floppy disk download icon.png
}}

[[Filesystem]]s and other file formats described on this page's parent page describe entities that exist on disks as they would normally be used.

However, there are also file formats that allow a physical disk (or tape or other medium) to be "imaged" into a file, either to be re-copied onto a physical disk later, or else used by an *emulator* of the computer system that would have originally used that sort of media.

These file formats represent a data image of one of the physical floppy disk (etc.) formats. In addition to the raw data from the disk/tape/etc, these formats may contain metadata that the corresponding emulator environment uses to correctly access the data.

Typically, when archiving a physical disk for later use, a physical disk will be imaged into one of these file formats. Sub-pages of this page should contain information on the format itself as well as instructions on how to extract a physical disk into that disk image format, including information about what physical drives are required, what software to use and how and what OS that is run under.

See also [[ROM and memory images]] for images of memory, and [[Floppy disk]]s for the physical floppies. See [[Archiving]] for archive and backup formats that are filesystem-based rather than raw-sector-based. See [[Filesystem]] for the filesystems. [[Forensics and Law Enforcement]] has formats for preserving drive contents with metadata for investigations.

==Floppy Disk Image Formats==
Images created directly from floppy disks.
===Generic Sector Images===

====Acorn====

* [[Acorn Archimedes Disk Image]]

====Amiga====

* [[ADF (Amiga)]]
* [[Disk Imploder]] (Amiga) (.dmp, .dex)
* [[Disk Masher System]] (Amiga) (.dms)
* [[WRP]]

====Amstrad====

* [[DSK (CPCEMU)]], used for Amstrad and related disks (typically [[3" disk]]s)

====APF Imagination Machine====

* [[APD]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated disk) (.apd)

====Apple II series====

* [[A2R disk image]]
* [[Apple Disk Image]] (Apple II disk image with header) (.2mg)
* [[Disk Copy 4.2]] (Apple)
* [[Disk Copy 6]] (Apple)
* [[DSK (Apple II)]], used for Apple II disks (typically 5.25" disks)
* [[EDD disk image]]
* [[Nibblized disk image]] (.nib), an Apple II disk image format that works for copy-protected disks
* SDK - See [[NuFX]].
* [[WOZ disk image]]

====Atari====
===== Atari 8-bit =====
* [[ATR]] (SIO2PC)
* [[DCM]] (Disk Communicator)
* [[DI]] (800XL DJ emulator)
* [[PRO]] (APE ProSystem)
* [[SCP]] (Spartados)
* [[XFD]] (Xformer)
===== Atari ST =====
* [[DIM]] (F-Copy)
* [[The JAM Packer]]
* [[MSA (Magic Shadow Archiver)]]
* [[ST disk image]]
* [[STT]] (STEEM)
* [[STX]] (Pasti)

====Commodore 64/128/PET/CBM====

* [[C64 Nibbler Format]] (.nib) (created by mnib)
* [[D64]] and its variants (D71, D81, all with optional error information) from the C64
* [[G64]] C64 raw (GCR coded) disk image

====Macintosh====

* [[Apple Disk Image]] (MacOS or OS X disk image with header) (.dmg, .smi, .img)
* [[DART]] (Apple)
* [[MOOF]]
* [[Sparse image]] (Apple disk image) (.sparseimage)

====MSX====
* [[PDI]] (Protected Disk Image)

====PC (DOS/Windows)====

* [[86F]] (86Box)
* [[ApriDisk]]
* [[CP2]] (Snatch-It / Copy-II-PC)
* [[CFI disk image]]
* [[CopyQM]]
* [[DDI]] (DiskDupe image file)
* [[Disk Express]] (.dxp)
* [[Disk IMage Archiver]] (.dim)
* [[DSQ (disk image)|DSQ]]
* [[FDF Image]] (EZ-DisKlone)
* [[FDI]] (Formatted Disk Image)
* [[IMA]]
* [[IMD]] (ImageDisk)
* [[IMG (DOSIMG)|IMG]] (HD-Copy disk image)
* [[LoadDskF/SaveDskF]] (.dsk)
* [[Quick Release Sector Transfer]] (Compaq)
* [[RIM]] (EZ-DiskCopy PRO)
* [[SABDU]]
* [[SXD (Sydex)|SXD]] (CopyQM Plus)
* [[TD0]] (TeleDisk)
* [[XPACK disk image]] (.xdi)

====Tandy====

* [[DMK]]
* [[JV1/JV3]]
* [[JVC]]

====ZX Spectrum====
* [[Mirage Microdrive Snapshot]]
* [[TRD]] (see [[TR-DOS filesystem]])

====Misc.====
* [[Anex86 PC98 floppy image]] (.fdi)
* [[D88]] (.d88, .1dd, .2dd)
* [[DiscFerret floppy image]] (.dfi)
* [[DSK (Oric)]]
* [[Famicom Disk System]] (.fds)
* [[LDBS disk image]] (.ldbs)
* [[MESS floppy image]] (.mfi)
* [[Pasopia disk image]] (.d88)
* [[Raw disk image]] (.img) (ie, created with dd)
* [[Compressed Hunks of Data]] (.chd)
* [[SD HxC Floppy Image]] (.hfe) [https://hxc2001.com/download/floppy_drive_emulator/SDCard_HxC_Floppy_Emulator_HFE_file_format.pdf 1]
* [[SuperCard Pro]] (.scp)
* [[Wang Virtual Disk image]] (.wvd)

===Physical (Hardware) Images===

* [[DRAFT]] (Software Preservation Society intermediate format)
* [[IPF]] (Software Preservation Society image format)
* [[KryoFlux]]

==Optical Disc Image Formats==
CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, BluRay, GD-ROM etc. For the physical formats, see [[Optical Discs]].

* [[BlindWrite Image File]] (.bwi, .bwt, .b5i, .b6i) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlindWrite wiki]
* [[CDI]] (Disc Juggler)
* [[CloneCD Control File]] (.ccd, .img, .sub)
* [[C2D]] Roxio
* [[CIF Image]] Roxio
* [[CUE and BIN]]
* [[CyberLink P2I]]
* [[DDP]] (Disc Description Protocol)
* [[DMG]] (Apple)
* [[Domesday Duplicator]] (.lds, .ldf, .raw)
* [[GI]] (Sonic Global Image File)
* [[ISOBuster Managed Image]] (IBP/IBQ)
* [[ISO image]] (.iso)
* [[ISZ]]
* [[MDF and MDS]]
* [[NRG]] (Nero Burning ROM)
* [[NTI CD Image]] (.ncd) [https://archive.org/download/nti-cd-maker-standard-edition-full-version-5.0.11-2001/NTICDM2K.iso/CDM2K%2FManual%2FEnglish%2FManual.pdf 1]
* [[TOAST]] (Roxio Toast)
* [[XDI (Extended Disc Image)]]
* [[TOC]] (CDRDAO)

===Optical Disc Project Formats===
Disc Burning Software Project files

* [[Nero Burning ROM]]
** [[NRI]] (CD-ROM Compilation)
** [[Nero CoverDesigner]]
** [[NSD]] Super VCD Compilation
** [[NRV]] Video CD Compilation
** [[NRE]] CD Extra Compilation
* [[CDL]] (Corel CD Creator)
* [[Easy CD Creator]] (CL2, CL3, CL4)
* [[CL5]] (Roxio EasyCD Creator 5)
* [[RCL]] (Roxio Creator Classic)
* [[ROXIO]] (Roxio Creator Classic/Easy Media Creator)
* [[ROX]] (Roxio Creator NXT)
* [[DMSD]] (Roxio MyDVD)
* [[DISC]] (Roxio TOAST)
* [[DVD Sonic]] (Sonic myDVD .dvd)
* [[NTI CD-DVD Maker]] (.cmd)
* [[Adobe Encore]] (.ncor)
* [[DVD Studio Pro]] (.dspproj)
* [[iDVD]] (.dvdproj)
* [[CyberLink Power2Go]]
* [[CD Architect]] (.cdp)
* [[DVD Architect]] (.dar)

==Hard Disk Image Formats==

* [[Ghost Image]] (.gho, .ghs)
* [[HDV (disk image)|HDV]]
* [[Raw disk image]] (.img)
* [[TeraByte Image]]

==Virtual Machine Disks and Virtualization Image Formats==
* [[OVF (Open Virtualization Format)]]
* [[qcow]] (QEMU)
* [[VDI]] (Virtual Disk Image) (VirtualBox) (.vdi)
* [[VFD (Virtual Floppy Disk)]] (Microsoft) (.vfd)
* [[VHD (Virtual Hard Disk)]] (Microsoft) (.vhd)
* [[VMDK]] (Virtual Machine Disk) (VMWare) (.vmdk)

==Tape Image Formats==

* [[APT (APF Imagination Machine)|APT]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated tape, logical bits) (.apt)
* [[APW]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated tape, raw audio) (.apw)
* [[CAS (Atari)|CAS]] (Atari; Digital Cassette Image system)
* [[PZX]] (ZX Spectrum)
* [[SIMH TAP]] (SIMH emulator's tape file format)
* [[T64]]
* [[TAP (Oric)]]
* [[TAP (ZX Spectrum)]]
* [[Tap file]] (contains data from Commodore data cassette)
* [[Tape Image Format]] (TIF) (used for seismic data)
* [[TZX]] (ZX Spectrum)
* [[Unified Emulator Format]] (UEF; also does Acorn disks and ROMs)

==Unknown==
* [[lbl]] See here for details: [https://web.archive.org/web/20130103032119/http://classiccmp.org/pipermail/cctalk/2012-December/326747.html]

==Tools==
* [[The Sleuth Kit and Autopsy]] can read raw, [[Expert Witness]], and AFF formats
* [http://www.winimage.com/ WinImage] to read, write and create images, also lots of info
* [http://foremost.sourceforge.net/ Foremost: console tool to recover files from disk images]
* [http://disktype.sourceforge.net/ disktype: detect format of disk or disk image]
* [[TrID|TrID File Identifier]]: recognize many disk image formats
* [https://github.com/bitcurator/bca-webtools bca-webtools]
* [https://github.com/eaas-framework/xmount xmount: emulates various disk image formats for use in emulators requiring them]

See also [[Disk Imaging Software & Systems]], and [[Forensics and Law Enforcement]].

== Links ==
* [http://qanda.digipres.org/20/what-are-the-reasons-for-saving-disk-images?show=183 What are the reasons for saving disk images?]
* [http://ils.unc.edu/digccurr/curategear2016-talks/woods-curategear2016.pdf BCA-Webtools: Accessing and Visualizing Disk Images in a Web Browser]

Disk Express

2026-01-02T22:25:36Z

RSola: /* Structure */ CRC is not standard

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Disk Image Formats
|extensions={{ext|dxp}}, special
|released=1991
}}
'''Disk Express''' (stylized as '''Disk eXPress''' (v2.x); short name: '''DSKEXP''' (v1.x) or '''DXP''' (v2.x)) is a floppy disk imaging utility for DOS and OS/2 by Albert J. Shan. It was released mainly as shareware. A disk image can be saved either as a data file (supported by v1.96+), or as an executable that when run writes its contents back to diskette (supported by all versions).

== Identification ==

If the file is not executable, it begins with a 512-byte header. The first two bytes will be 'AS' and the third will be a version number, 0-2.

If the file is executable, it starts with an [[MS-DOS EXE]] header. Bytes 2-5 of the header give the length of the executable portion, as normal. The disk image header starting with 'AS' is found four bytes after the executable portion.

Executable files use the .EXE extension.

== Structure ==

=== Executable loader ===

Depending on the version, and the options selected when the disk was imaged, the executable loader (if present) will be:
* [[MS-DOS EXE]] format, for v1.01-1.96 (default format), or v2.10-2.34 with "/DOS" option
* OS/2 [[New Executable]] format, for v1.01-1.96 with "/OS2" option
* Hybrid of MS-DOS and OS/2 formats, for v2.00-2.34 (default format)

The MS-DOS EXE loader is compressed with [[LZEXE]] for v1.01-1.02, or [[DIET (compression)|DIET]] (maybe with some hacks) for v1.96+. This is true even for the MS-DOS part of hybrid files. The OS/2 loader never uses executable compression.

The loader is followed by a 4-byte CRC of the loader itself (including both DOS and OS/2 sections on a hybrid loader) and then the disk image data.

Disk Express implements a variant of [[CRC-32#CRC-32/JAMCRC|CRC-32/JAMCRC]]. Only the initialization value is different.
* On ordinary versions, the initialization value is <code>0x59d</code>. In some contexts, its bit-reversed (reflected) value <code>0xb9a00000</code> might appear or need to be used instead. The CRC of ASCII "<code>123456789</code>" would be <code>0x5ec78685</code>.
* Special versions licensed for IBM use the initialization value <code>0x31e</code>, the reflection of which is <code>0x78c00000</code>. The CRC of ASCII "<code>123456789</code>" would be <code>0xc770b388</code>.

=== Disk image header ===

The disk image has a 512-byte header:

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset
! Size
! Description
|-
|0x000 || 2 bytes || Magic number, <code>AS</code>
|-
|0x002 || 1 byte ||rowspan="2"| [Major version, minor version] of Disk Express required to write this file. Usually [1,1] in files generated by v1.01-1.02. Usually [2,0] in files made by v1.96+, or [2,30] if the 'encrypted' or 'bad sectors' flags are set.
|-
|0x003 || 1 byte
|-
|0x004 || 1 byte || Release of Disk Express that created this file (single ASCII character)
|-
|0x005 || 1 byte || Disk capacity:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0 || 160k
|-
|1 || 180k
|-
|2 || 320k
|-
|3 || 360k
|-
|4 || 720k
|-
|5 || 1.2M
|-
|6 || 1.4M
|-
|7 || 2.8M
|}
|-
|0x006 || 4 bytes || CRC of disk data (before compression if compressed).
|-
|0x00A || 1 byte || Compression type:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0 || Uncompressed
|-
|1 || Based on [[LZHUF]] ([[LHarc]]'s "lh1" method)
|-
|2 || Based on [[LHA]]'s "lh5" method
|}
|-
|0x00B || 1 byte || Last cylinder imaged
|-
|0x00C || 1 byte || Last head imaged
|-
|0x00D || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x00E || 1 byte || Bitwise flags:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0x01 || Non-DOS disk
|-
|0x02 || Encrypted disk image
|-
|0x04 || Contains bad sectors
|}
|-
|0x00F || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x010 || 4 bytes || Passphrase hash (if encrypted)
|-
|0x014 || 284 bytes || Always 0
|-
|0x130 || 4 bytes || CRC of file header
|-
|0x134 || 200 bytes || File description: 5 lines each of 40 characters, [[CP437]] character set
|-
|0x1FC || 4 bytes || CRC of description
|}

=== Sector data ===

The imaged sectors follow the header with no further header or trailer information. The default behaviour of Disk Express is to record up to the last allocated block on the disk, so the amount of data stored may be less than the media type in the header block.

If the file is compressed, then each track is compressed separately. Each track in this case is preceded by a little-endian word, giving the length of the compressed data. There are special cases if the length is 1 (in which case all bytes in the track are the same) or if it is the same as the uncompressed length (in which case the track is not compressed).

== Software ==

* [{{CdTextfilesURL|640swstudio/UTILITY/DKEXP101.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.01]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nopv07/020A/DKEXP1.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.02]
* {{DiscMasterLink|browse/14387/winos2_a.zip/winos2_a/OS2/UTILITY/DISK/DXP196B.ZIP|Disk eXPress v1.96 (beta)}}
* {{DiscMasterLink|browse/21352/La_Coleccion_Walnut_Creek_Junio_1993.iso/dos/diskette/dxp200.zip|Disk eXPress v2.00}}
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|pier01/017a/dxp203.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.03]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|pier02/002a/dxp210.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.10]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|pier02/026a/dxp21a.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.10a]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nopv10/015a/dxp220.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.20]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|hobbesos2/ALL/DISKUTIL/DXP230.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v2.30]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nopv11/016A/DXP231.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v2.31]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nopv13/039A/DXP232.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v2.32]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|swextrav4-4/os2utilf/dxp233.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.33]
* [{{SACFTPURL|utildisk|dxp234.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.34]

== Sample files ==
Self-extracting images created by regular shareware and licensed versions
* https://dl.dell.com/chipset/Kniea001.exe → DD0377p1.EXE, DD0377p2.EXE
* https://ftpmirror.infania.net/sites/ct_treiber_service/treiber/toshiba/dos_driv/tcm30.exe → TCM3DISK.EXE - Encrypted image

Self-extracting images created by special versions licensed for IBM
* {{CdTextfilesURL|pier/pier03/035/vp162fix.zip}} → VP162FIX.EXE
* http://phoenix.bnbbbs.net/files/os2swbbs/ndrivers/164adap2.exe

Self-extracting images
* {{DexvertSamples|archive/diskExpressSFX}}

Standalone disk images
* [https://archive.org/download/2015.02.old-dos.ru 2015.02.old-dos.ru] → 2015.02.maxxx.tar → maxxx/DOS/System/DRdos/Drdos50/4dxp/DRD50-*.DXP - Uncompressed, version 2.x
* {{DexvertSamples|archive/diskExpress}}

[[Category:Executable envelopes]]

Electronic Arts LIB Game Archive

2025-11-27T06:05:18Z

RSola: Wording fixes

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Archiving
|released=1990
}}

'''Electronic Arts LIB Game Archive''' is an archiving format used in some video games, add-ons and toolkits released by Electronic Arts during the 1990s.

== Identification ==

Archives begin with the ASCII string <code>EALIB</code> (hexadecimal {{magic|45 41 4c 49 42}}).

== Format details ==

Byte order is [[Endianness|little-endian]]. The count of file records in the archive follows the <code>EALIB</code> signature as a 2-byte integer. This count does not include the unnamed final record. Each record has a fixed length of 18 bytes.

=== File record ===

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset !! Size !! Description
|-
| 0 || 13 bytes || File name (up to 8+3 characters, plus dot), null-terminated and padded
|-
| 13 || 1 byte || Compression method
{| class="wikitable"
! Value !! Meaning
|-
| 0 || Uncompressed (stored)
|-
| 1 || [[LZSS]]-style compression, probably [[LZSS_(Haruhiko_Okumura)|Okumura's LZSS]]
|-
| 3 || Looks like a special mode for pictures (data starts with <code>PXPK</code>)
|-
| 4 || [[PKWARE DCL Implode]]
|}
|-
| 14 || 4 bytes || Absolute offset of the file data in the archive
|}

Records appear sorted by their offset fields in ascending order, so the size allocated to extract any file can be calculated from two consecutive records. A special record with an empty file name follows the last valid file. The offset field in this record should be the whole size of the archive.

When the compression method is 1 or 4, the uncompressed size immediately precedes the compressed stream as a 4-byte integer.

== Software ==

* https://aluigi.altervista.org/bms/ealib.bms - Script for [https://aluigi.altervista.org/quickbms.htm QuickBMS] that extracts and, when possible, decompresses files from an EALIB archive
* https://www.watto.org/extract - Watto's Game Extractor supports EALIB archives (although extraction might be buggy)

== Sample files ==

* {{DiscMasterLink|search?format=electronicArtsLibGameArchive|DiscMaster search by format}}
* {{DiscMasterLink|search?detection=45414c4942*|DiscMaster search by header}} - Previous search misses a few seemingly valid archives
* {{DexvertSamples|archive/electronicArtsLibGameArchive}}

== Links ==

* [https://moddingwiki.shikadi.net/wiki/LIB_Format_(Electronic_Arts) LIB Format (Electronic Arts) at ModdingWiki]

[[Category:Electronic Arts]]
[[Category:Game data files]]

Lead Technologies archive

2025-11-03T09:10:10Z

RSola: Added archive structure and compression details, moved Identification to the top

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Archiving
|extensions={{ext|lta}}
|released=1994?
}}
'''Lead Technologies archive''' (official name unknown) is a compressed installer-archive format used in some Lead Technologies software. The file is usually named "SETUP.LTA". Multi-part archives are common, with multiple "SETUP.LTA" files comprising a single archive. A byte in the archive header reflects the volume number.

Software using LTA usually includes an LTEXPAND.DLL file, which presumably contains decompression library code.

== Identification ==

File start with ASCII "{{magic|LTEC}}".

== Format details ==

The format consists of an archive header and a sequence of member file headers, terminated by two null bytes, then followed by one or more compressed data blocks. A form of solid archiving is used: individual files are not packed separately, but concatenated and then compressed as a whole. Each compressed block contains a different set of files in the archive. The compression method seems to match [[LHA|LHA's lhx]] as implemented by [https://github.com/fragglet/lhasa Lhasa].

Byte order is [[Endianness|little-endian]].

=== Archive header ===

{| class="wikitable"
! Field offset
! Size
! Description
|-
| 0 || 4 bytes || Signature {{magic|4c 54 45 43}}
|-
| 4 || 1 byte || Volume number
|-
| 5 || 4 bytes || Start of the first compressed block
|}

The start of the first compressed block should equal the sum of the sizes of the archive header, all of the member file headers, and the two terminating null bytes.

=== Member file header ===

{| class="wikitable"
! Field offset
! Size
! Description
|-
| 0 || 2 bytes || Length of the header (including this field)
|-
| 2 || 4 bytes || Start of the compressed stream the file is included in, relative to the third field in the archive header (i.e., files in the first compressed block have this field set to zero)
|-
| 6 || 4 bytes || Start of the file contents in the corresponding uncompressed block
|-
| 10 || 4 bytes || Size of the file contents in the corresponding uncompressed block
|-
| 14 || variable || Null-terminated file name
|}

The sequence of member file headers is terminated by a two-byte header with just a length field equal to zero.

== Sample files ==

* {{DiscMasterLink|search?detection=4c544543*&showItemName=showItemName|DiscMaster search}}

Electronic Arts LIB Game Archive

2025-10-27T00:48:52Z

RSola: Add Electronic Arts category

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Archiving
|released=1990
}}

'''Electronic Arts LIB Game Archive''' is an archiving format used in some video games, add-ons and toolings released by Electronic Arts during the 1990s.

== Identification ==

Archives begin with the ASCII string <code>EALIB</code> (hexadecimal {{magic|45 41 4c 49 42}}).

== Format details ==

Byte order is [[Endianness|little-endian]]. The count of file records in the archive follows the <code>EALIB</code> signature as a 2-byte integer. This count does not include the unnamed final record. Each record has a fixed length of 18 bytes.

=== File record ===

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset !! Size !! Description
|-
| 0 || 13 bytes || File name (up to 8+3 characters, plus dot), null-terminated and padded
|-
| 13 || 1 byte || Compression method
{| class="wikitable"
! Value !! Meaning
|-
| 0 || Uncompressed (stored)
|-
| 1 || [[LZSS]]-style compression, probably [[LZSS_(Haruhiko_Okumura)|Okumura's LZSS]]
|-
| 3 || Looks like an special mode for pictures (data starts with <code>PXPK</code>)
|-
| 4 || [[PKWARE DCL Implode]]
|}
|-
| 14 || 4 bytes || Absolute offset of the file data inside the archive
|}

Records appear sorted by their offset fields in ascending order, so the size allocated to extract any file can be calculated from two consecutive records. A special record with an empty file name follows the last valid file. The offset field in this record should be the whole size of the archive.

When the compression method is 1 or 4, the uncompressed size immediately precedes the compressed stream as a 4-byte integer.

== Software ==

* https://aluigi.altervista.org/bms/ealib.bms - Script for [https://aluigi.altervista.org/quickbms.htm QuickBMS] that extracts and decompresses, when possible, files from an EALIB archive
* https://www.watto.org/extract - Watto's Game Extractor supports EALIB archives (although extraction might be buggy)

== Sample files ==

* {{DiscMasterLink|search?format=electronicArtsLibGameArchive|DiscMaster search by format}}
* {{DiscMasterLink|search?detection=45414c4942*|DiscMaster search by header}} - Previous search misses a few seemingly valid archives
* {{DexvertSamples|archive/electronicArtsLibGameArchive}}

== Links ==

* [https://moddingwiki.shikadi.net/wiki/LIB_Format_(Electronic_Arts) LIB Format (Electronic Arts) at ModdingWiki]

[[Category:Electronic Arts]]
[[Category:Game data files]]

Game data files

2025-10-27T00:44:10Z

RSola: /* Archiving / Compression */ Add Electronic Arts LIB Game Archive

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|thiscat=Game data files
|image=
}}

==Overview==
Many popular games use proprietary file formats to store their assets. These include custom image, sound and video formats and custom archive formats. There is no way that all of these can be enumerated here in some way or another. And as long as the games can still be run by an [[Emulation_Software|Emulator]] it's not that much of a deal. However, a lot of work has been put into deciphering, decrypting and hacking these files, and that work should be preserved.

See also: [[Interactive Fiction]] for data formats related to text adventure games, [[Puzzles]] for puzzle-game files, and [[Saved Games]] for data saved by games to store a player's game status.

==References==
* [http://wiki.xentax.com Xentax Wiki]
* [http://rewiki.awiki.org ReWiki]
* [http://aluigi.altervista.org/quickbms.htm QuickBMS], a tool suite to describe archives in an abstract BASIC-like language, and lots of scripts for even more games

==General Game Formats==

This section details formats such as [[Interplay ACM]] and [[Unreal Music Format]] which are used in a number of games.

=== Archiving / Compression ===
* [[CFL]]
* [[Electronic Arts LIB Game Archive]]
* [[FAR (The Sims)]]
* [[HMM Packfile]] (.PAK)
* [[Unity package file]]

===Audio / Music===
(see also [[Audio and Music]])

* [[BAKA]] (PCM 16 bit)
* beatmania / IIDX simulation
** [[BMS]]
* [[BH2PCM]] (extracted from [[Doom WAD]] by eXtendable WAD Editor)
* [[BNSF]] (IS14)
* Commodore Amiga
** [[AC1D-DC1A Packer]]
** [[AMOS Music Bank]]
** [[Channel Players]]
** [[Digital Illusions]]
** [[Game Music Creator]]
** [[Jason Page]]
* Electronic Arts
** [[Electronic Arts MUS]]
* [[Epic Megagames MASI]]
* id Software
** [[Doom MUS]]
** [[id Software Music Format]]
* [[Interplay ACM]]
* [[Inverse Frequency Sound format]]
* [[Ken's Adlib Music]]
* [[Sierra AGI]]
* [[Sierra SCI]]
* [[Westwood Studios ADL]]
* [[Westwood Studios AUD]]
* [[Xbox IMA ADPCM]]
* Nintendo GameCube / Wii
** [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AST]]
** [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii BRSTM]]

=== Game programming languages ===

* [[Blitz3D]]
** [[Blitz3D Model]]

(see also [[Programming Languages]])

=== Other ===

* Allegro (game programming library)
** [[Allegro packfile]]

* Atari
** [[STOS memory bank]] (.mbk)

* Bitsboard
** [[Bitsboard board]]

* Blizzard Entertainment
** [[BLP]]
** [[MDX (Blizzard)|MDX]]
** [[MoPaQ]]

* Build Engine
** [[ART (Build Engine ART)]]
** [[DAT (Build Engine Palette)]]
** [[GRP (Build Engine Group Archive)]]

* [[D3TV]]
* [[DIV Games Studio]]

* Electronic Arts
** [[Electronic Arts CMV]]
** [[Electronic Arts INF]]
** [[Electronic Arts MAD]]‎
** [[Electronic Arts MOV]]
** [[Electronic Arts MPC‎]]
** [[Electronic Arts TGV]]
** [[Electronic Arts WVE]]

* Free Hero Mesh
** [[Free Hero Mesh class definition file]] (.class)
** [[Free Hero Mesh class resource file]] (.xclass)
** [[Free Hero Mesh level file]] (.level)
** [[Free Hero Mesh solution file]] (.solution)
** [[Free Hero Mesh code page file]]
** [[Free Hero Mesh composite puzzle set]]

* Hero Mesh
** [[Hero Mesh puzzle set]] (.mb)

* id Software
** [[BSP]] (map format used in Quake)
** [[Doom WAD]]
** [[Quake PAK]]
** [[Quake PK3]] (actually [[ZIP]])
** [[Quake WAD]]

* Infinity Engine
** [[BAM]]

* [[MegaZeux]]

* NetImmerse / Gamebryo Engine
** [[KF]]
** [[NIF]]

* Nintendo GameCube
** [[Nintendo GameCube Opening.bnr]]

* Nintendo GameCube / Wii
** [[DOL (Nintendo)]]
** [[RARC]]
** [[Yaz0]]

* Nintendo Wii
** [[BootMii NAND Dump]]
** [[BRFNT]]
** [[Mii Data]]
** [[Nintendo Wii BRLAN]]
** [[Nintendo Wii BRLYT]]
** [[Nintendo Wii BRRES]]
** [[Nintendo Wii Content.bin]]
** [[Nintendo Wii Data.bin]]
** [[Nintendo Wii Opening.bnr]]
** [[Nintendo Wii PAC]]
** [[Nintendo Wii PCS]]
** [[Nintendo Wii REL]]
** [[Nintendo Wii Savegame]]
** [[Nintendo Wii SEL]]
** [[Nintendo Wii Ticket]]
** [[Nintendo Wii TPL]]
** [[Nintendo Wii U8]]
** [[Nintendo Wii Update.inf]]
** [[Nintendo Wii VFF]]
** [[Title metadata]]
** [[Virtual Console CCF]]
** [[WAD (Wii)]]
** [[WiiConnect24 file]]

* [[OHRRPGCE]]

* [[Outerra engine]] (.otx) (used in Anteworld game)

* Raven Software game engine
** [[GLA]] - Ghoul animation (.gla)
** [[GLM]] - Ghoul mesh (.glm)

* Sokoban
** [[Softdisk Publishing UDF files]] (used for Softdisk's version of Sokoban)
** [[SOK (Sokoban)]]
** [[Sokoban XML]]

* Terminal Reality [https://github.com/jopadan/termpod/wiki/Terminal-Reality]
** [[POD1]] (.pod) [https://github.com/jopadan/termpod/wiki/Pod-1-Format-Reference] (no CRC)
** [[POD2]] (.pod) [https://github.com/jopadan/termpod/wiki/Pod-2-Format-Reference] (CRC=[[CRC-32#CRC-32/MPEG-2|CRC-32/MPEG-2]])
** [[POD3]] (.pod) [https://github.com/jopadan/termpod/wiki/Pod-3-Format-Reference] (CRC=CRC-32/MPEG-2)
** [[POD4]] (.pod) [https://github.com/jopadan/termpod/wiki/Pod-4-Format-Reference] (CRC=CRC-32/MPEG-2)
** [[POD5]] (.pod) [https://github.com/jopadan/termpod/wiki/Pod-5-Format-Reference] (CRC=CRC-32/MPEG-2)
** [[POD6]] (.pod) [https://github.com/jopadan/termpod/wiki/Pod-6-Format-Reference] (no CRC)
** [[EPD]] (.epd) [https://github.com/jopadan/termpod/wiki/Epd-Format-Reference] (CRC=CRC-32/MPEG-2)

* Tiled
** [[Tiled JSON]]
** [[Tiled TMX]]
** [[Tiled TSX]]

* Torque 3D game engine
** [[DTS]] (.dts)

* Valve Source Engine
** [[Valve Model Format]] (.mdl) [https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/MDL Source Code]
** [[Valve Collision Model]] (.phy)
** [[Valve Map Format]] (.vmf)
** [[Valve Material Type]] (.vmt)
** [[Valve Vertex Data]] (.vvd)
** [[Valve Texture Format]] (.vtf)

* Xtremeworlds
** [[Xtremeworlds PWX]]
** [[Xtremeworlds map]]

* [[ZZT]]
** [[ZXT/ZAX]]

* [[ZZ Zero]]

==Individual Game Formats==

This section details formats which are specific to a single game (or perhaps a game series), such as [[God of Thunder Music Format]].
* 7 Days to Die
** [[TTS Prefab]] (.tts)
** [[7DTD Map File]] (.map)
* Age of Empires
** [[Data Resource File]] (.drs)
** [[Age of Empires Graphics File]] (.slp)
* Age of Mythology
** [[BAR (Age of Mythology)]] (.bar archive)
* Alter Ego (1986)
** [[Alter Ego Vignette Script format]]
* Arma
** [[Arma PBO]] (.pbo)
* Barony
** [[Barony Voxel]] (.vox)
* Blur
** [[BAF]] (Blur ADPCM)
* BVE, OpenBVE, Boso View Express (railroad simulator)
** [[BVE object formats]]
** [[BVE route formats]]
** [[BVE train.dat file]]
* Carnivores
** [[CAR (Carnivores)]] (.car)
* Cartooners
** [[Cartooners actor file]] (.act)
** [[Electronic Arts INF‎]] (.inf)
** [[Electronic Arts MOV]] (.mov)
** [[Electronic Arts MUS]] (.mus)
* Chasm: The Rift
** [[CAR (Chasm: The Rift)]]
* Cities Skylines
** [[Cities Skylines CRP]] (.crp)
* Commander Keen 1
** [[Commander Keen 1 Level format]] (.ck1)
* Core Wars
** [[RBJ (Redcode oBJect)]] (.rbj)
* Crystal Caves
** [[Crystal Caves Sound format]] (.snd)
* Dance With Intensity
** [[Dance With Intensity simfile]] (.dwi)
* Dangerous Dave
** [[Dangerous Dave level format]]
** [[Dangerous Dave tileset format]]
** (also uses [[Inverse Frequency Sound format]])
* Dark Reign
** [[FTG (Dark Reign)]]
** [[PAL (Dark Reign)]]
* Dofus
** [[Dofus localization]]
* Donkey Konga 2
** [[Donkey Konga 2 DSP]]
* Doom
** [[Doom cheat code encryption]]
** [[Doom MUS]] (.mus)
** [[Doom WAD]] (.wad)
** [[Doom DWD]] (.dwd)
** [[DeHackEd patch]] (used by the Doom modding community)
* DTX Mania
** [[DTX Mania simfile]]
* Duke Nukem
** [[ART (Duke Nukem 3D)]]
** [[DAT (Duke Nukem 3D)]]
** [[Duke Nukem level format]]
** [[Duke Nukem graphics format]]
** [[GRP (Duke Nukem 3D)]]
* Fallout
** [[Fallout character description]] (.gcd)
* Friday Night Funkin
** [[Friday Night Funkin mod]]
* Garry's Mod
** [[Garry's Mod Addon]] (.gma)
* God of Thunder
** [[DAT (God of Thunder)]]
** [[God of Thunder Music Format]]
* Grand Theft Auto
** [[RAGE Package Format]] (.rpf)
** [[RenderWare binary stream file]] (.dff)
* In the Groove
** [[In the Groove PCK]] (.pck)
* Jack Nicklaus Golf & Course Design: Signature Edition
** [[JNSE golf course]]
* Kick It Up
** [[Kick It Up simfile]] (.ksf)
* Lego Island
** [[Lego Island World Database]] (.wdb)
* Magic & Mayhem
** [[Magic & Mayhem sprites file]]
* Mario Kart Wii
** [[Wii BTI]]
* Mario Paint
** [[Mario Paint Composer]]
** [[SHI]]
** [[SHO]]
* Mass Effect
** [[AFC]] (AFX audio file; Mass Effect 2)
* MegaZeux
** [[MegaZeux Property List]]
* Minecraft
** [[Minecraft Alpha level format]]
** [[Minecraft Anvil format]]
** [[Minecraft Bedrock Edition level format]]
** [[Minecraft chunk format]]
** [[Minecraft classic level format]]
** [[Minecraft classic server protocol]]
** [[Minecraft generated structures format]]
** [[Minecraft Indev level format]]
** [[Minecraft Java Edition level format]]
** [[Minecraft loot table]]
** [[Minecraft map item format]]
** [[Minecraft model]]
** [[Minecraft NBT format]]
** [[Minecraft player format]]
** [[Minecraft raids.dat format]]
** [[Minecraft Region format]]
** [[Minecraft server_level.dat]]
** [[Minecraft server list format]]
** [[Minecraft structure block file format]]
** [[Minecraft scoreboard format]]
** [[Minecraft sounds.json]]
** [[Minecraft villages.dat format]]
** [[Schematic file format]]
* Mortal Kombat 4
** [[Mortal Kombat 4 filesys.dat]]
* Pokémon
** [[Pokémon Mystery Dungeon]]
** [[Pokémon ROM]]
** [[RMC]]
* Quake
** [[MD2]] - Quake 2 model format (.md2)
** [[MD3]] - Quake 3 model format (.md3)
** [[MD4 (Quake)|MD4]] - Quake MD4 model format (used in later Quake 3 versions) (.md4)
* Rise of the Triad
** [[Rise of the Triad level format]]
** (also uses [[Doom WAD]])
* RobotWar
** [[RobotWar|RobotWar programming language]]
* Sims, The
** [[CFP]] (Compressed Floating Point)
** [[CMX/BCF]]
** [[FAR (The Sims)]]
** [[IFF (The Sims)]] (.iff, .flr, .wll, .spf, .stx)
** [[SKN/BMF]]
* StarCraft
** [[StarCraft group file]] (.grp)
* StepMania
** [[StepMania simfile]] (.sm)
** [[StepMania 5 simfile]] (.ssc)
** [[StepMania AMX simfile]] (.sma)
* Stronghold
**[[Stronghold GM1]] (.gm1)
**[[TGX Graphics]] (.tgx)
* Supaplex
** [[Supaplex Level format]] (.dat)
* Super Mario Galaxy
** [[Super Mario Galaxy savefile]]
* Super Paper Mario
** [[BRSTMPSM]] (music data)
* Total War
** [[Total War ESF]] (.esf)
* Vinyl Goddess From Mars
** [[Vinyl Goddess From Mars Instrument Format]]
** [[Vinyl Goddess From Mars Music Format]]
* Warcraft
** [[Warcraft II PUD]] (.pud) (custom maps)
* Wiggle Planet
** [[Wiglet]]
* Wii Fit / Wii Fit Plus
** [[Wii Fit BMG]]

== Game hints ==
* [[UHS]]

== Board/card games ==
* [[Magic Set Editor]]
** [[Magic Set Editor card set]] (.mse-set)
** [[Magic Set Editor export template]] (.mse-export-template)
** [[Magic Set Editor game definition]] (.mse-game)
** [[Magic Set Editor include package]] (.mse-include)
** [[Magic Set Editor installer]] (???)
** [[Magic Set Editor style sheet]] (.mse-style)
** [[Magic Set Editor symbol font]] (.mse-symbol-font)
* [[REKO Cardset]]
* [[TeXnicard]]
** [[TeXnicard card database]]
** [[TeXnicard template]]
* [[Wiz Solitaire]]

== Uncategorized ==

* [[RBPACK]]

== External links ==

* [http://www.osti.gov/accomplishments/videogame.html Possibly the first video game, in 1958]
* [https://archive.org/details/Nintendo_Ultra64_Programming_Manual Nintendo Ultra64 Programming Manual]
* [http://ukvac.com/forum/topic335921.html Sega Pengo: bug found in maze generating algorithm]
* [http://www.stavros.io/posts/winning-candy-crush/ How to 'hack' Candy Crush]
* [http://www.glitchthegame.com/public-domain-game-art/ Glitch game files, released into the public domain]
* [https://github.com/jmechner/Prince-of-Persia-Apple-II Prince of Persia source code (Apple II)]
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/dice/ DICE: emulator of early discrete-circuit video games]
* [http://www.polygon.com/2014/4/22/5640114/maze-invaders-atari-arcade-source-code-strong-museum-icheg Museum acquires 'virtually complete' source code from Atari's arcade heyday]
* [https://archive.org/details/pdp1_spacewar Spacewar! for the PDP-1 (1962)] (with in-browser emulation)
* [http://tcrf.net/Category:Games_with_hidden_developer_messages Games with hidden developer messages]
* [http://www.loc.gov/preservation/resources/rfs/softgame.html Library of Congress Recommended Format Specifications: Software/Gaming]
* [https://github.com/keendreams/keen Keen Dreams Source Code (open-source release)]

Electronic Arts LIB Game Archive

2025-10-27T00:40:15Z

RSola: Page created

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Archiving
|released=1990
}}

'''Electronic Arts LIB Game Archive''' is an archiving format used in some video games, add-ons and toolings released by Electronic Arts during the 1990s.

== Identification ==

Archives begin with the ASCII string <code>EALIB</code> (hexadecimal {{magic|45 41 4c 49 42}}).

== Format details ==

Byte order is [[Endianness|little-endian]]. The count of file records in the archive follows the <code>EALIB</code> signature as a 2-byte integer. This count does not include the unnamed final record. Each record has a fixed length of 18 bytes.

=== File record ===

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset !! Size !! Description
|-
| 0 || 13 bytes || File name (up to 8+3 characters, plus dot), null-terminated and padded
|-
| 13 || 1 byte || Compression method
{| class="wikitable"
! Value !! Meaning
|-
| 0 || Uncompressed (stored)
|-
| 1 || [[LZSS]]-style compression, probably [[LZSS_(Haruhiko_Okumura)|Okumura's LZSS]]
|-
| 3 || Looks like an special mode for pictures (data starts with <code>PXPK</code>)
|-
| 4 || [[PKWARE DCL Implode]]
|}
|-
| 14 || 4 bytes || Absolute offset of the file data inside the archive
|}

Records appear sorted by their offset fields in ascending order, so the size allocated to extract any file can be calculated from two consecutive records. A special record with an empty file name follows the last valid file. The offset field in this record should be the whole size of the archive.

When the compression method is 1 or 4, the uncompressed size immediately precedes the compressed stream as a 4-byte integer.

== Software ==

* https://aluigi.altervista.org/bms/ealib.bms - Script for [https://aluigi.altervista.org/quickbms.htm QuickBMS] that extracts and decompresses, when possible, files from an EALIB archive
* https://www.watto.org/extract - Watto's Game Extractor supports EALIB archives (although extraction might be buggy)

== Sample files ==

* {{DiscMasterLink|search?format=electronicArtsLibGameArchive|DiscMaster search by format}}
* {{DiscMasterLink|search?detection=45414c4942*|DiscMaster search by header}} - Previous search misses a few seemingly valid archives
* {{DexvertSamples|archive/electronicArtsLibGameArchive}}

== Links ==

* [https://moddingwiki.shikadi.net/wiki/LIB_Format_(Electronic_Arts) LIB Format (Electronic Arts) at ModdingWiki]

[[Category:Game data files]]

Disk Image Formats

2025-10-10T15:32:16Z

RSola: /* PC (DOS/Windows) */ Add SABDU

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|thiscat=Disk Image Formats
|image=Selanit floppy disk download icon.png
}}

[[Filesystem]]s and other file formats described on this page's parent page describe entities that exist on disks as they would normally be used.

However, there are also file formats that allow a physical disk (or tape or other medium) to be "imaged" into a file, either to be re-copied onto a physical disk later, or else used by an *emulator* of the computer system that would have originally used that sort of media.

These file formats represent a data image of one of the physical floppy disk (etc.) formats. In addition to the raw data from the disk/tape/etc, these formats may contain metadata that the corresponding emulator environment uses to correctly access the data.

Typically, when archiving a physical disk for later use, a physical disk will be imaged into one of these file formats. Sub-pages of this page should contain information on the format itself as well as instructions on how to extract a physical disk into that disk image format, including information about what physical drives are required, what software to use and how and what OS that is run under.

See also [[ROM and memory images]] for images of memory, and [[Floppy disk]]s for the physical floppies. See [[Archiving]] for archive and backup formats that are filesystem-based rather than raw-sector-based. See [[Filesystem]] for the filesystems. [[Forensics and Law Enforcement]] has formats for preserving drive contents with metadata for investigations.

==Floppy Disk Image Formats==
Images created directly from floppy disks.
===Generic Sector Images===

====Acorn====

* [[Acorn Archimedes Disk Image]]

====Amiga====

* [[ADF (Amiga)]]
* [[Disk Imploder]] (Amiga) (.dmp, .dex)
* [[Disk Masher System]] (Amiga) (.dms)
* [[WRP]]

====Amstrad====

* [[DSK (CPCEMU)]], used for Amstrad and related disks (typically [[3" disk]]s)

====APF Imagination Machine====

* [[APD]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated disk) (.apd)

====Apple II series====

* [[A2R disk image]]
* [[Apple Disk Image]] (Apple II disk image with header) (.2mg)
* [[Disk Copy 4.2]] (Apple)
* [[Disk Copy 6]] (Apple)
* [[DSK (Apple II)]], used for Apple II disks (typically 5.25" disks)
* [[EDD disk image]]
* [[Nibblized disk image]] (.nib), an Apple II disk image format that works for copy-protected disks
* SDK - See [[NuFX]].
* [[WOZ disk image]]

====Atari====
===== Atari 8-bit =====
* [[ATR]] (SIO2PC)
* [[DCM]] (Disk Communicator)
* [[DI]] (800XL DJ emulator)
* [[PRO]] (APE ProSystem)
* [[SCP]] (Spartados)
* [[XFD]] (Xformer)
===== Atari ST =====
* [[DIM]] (F-Copy)
* [[The JAM Packer]]
* [[MSA (Magic Shadow Archiver)]]
* [[ST disk image]]
* [[STT]] (STEEM)
* [[STX]] (Pasti)

====Commodore 64/128/PET/CBM====

* [[C64 Nibbler Format]] (.nib) (created by mnib)
* [[D64]] and its variants (D71, D81, all with optional error information) from the C64
* [[G64]] C64 raw (GCR coded) disk image

====Macintosh====

* [[Apple Disk Image]] (MacOS or OS X disk image with header) (.dmg, .smi, .img)
* [[DART]] (Apple)
* [[MOOF]]
* [[Sparse image]] (Apple disk image) (.sparseimage)

====MSX====
* [[PDI]] (Protected Disk Image)

====PC (DOS/Windows)====

* [[86F]] (86Box)
* [[ApriDisk]]
* [[CP2]] (Snatch-It / Copy-II-PC)
* [[CFI disk image]]
* [[CopyQM]]
* [[DDI]] (DiskDupe image file)
* [[Disk Express]] (.dxp)
* [[DSQ (disk image)|DSQ]]
* [[FDF Image]] (EZ-DisKlone)
* [[FDI]] (Formatted Disk Image)
* [[IMA]]
* [[IMD]] (ImageDisk)
* [[IMG (DOSIMG)|IMG]] (HD-Copy disk image)
* [[LoadDskF/SaveDskF]] (.dsk)
* [[Quick Release Sector Transfer]] (Compaq)
* [[RIM]] (EZ-DiskCopy PRO)
* [[SABDU]]
* [[SXD (Sydex)|SXD]] (CopyQM Plus)
* [[TD0]] (TeleDisk)
* [[XPACK disk image]] (.xdi)

====Tandy====

* [[DMK]]
* [[JV1/JV3]]
* [[JVC]]

====ZX Spectrum====
* [[Mirage Microdrive Snapshot]]
* [[TRD]] (see [[TR-DOS filesystem]])

====Misc.====
* [[Anex86 PC98 floppy image]] (.fdi)
* [[D88]] (.d88, .1dd, .2dd)
* [[DiscFerret floppy image]] (.dfi)
* [[DSK (Oric)]]
* [[Famicom Disk System]] (.fds)
* [[LDBS disk image]] (.ldbs)
* [[MESS floppy image]] (.mfi)
* [[Pasopia disk image]] (.d88)
* [[Raw disk image]] (.img) (ie, created with dd)
* [[Compressed Hunks of Data]] (.chd)
* [[SD HxC Floppy Image]] (.hfe) [https://hxc2001.com/download/floppy_drive_emulator/SDCard_HxC_Floppy_Emulator_HFE_file_format.pdf 1]
* [[SuperCard Pro]] (.scp)
* [[Wang Virtual Disk image]] (.wvd)

===Physical (Hardware) Images===

* [[DRAFT]] (Software Preservation Society intermediate format)
* [[IPF]] (Software Preservation Society image format)
* [[KryoFlux]]

==Optical Disc Image Formats==
CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, BluRay, GD-ROM etc. For the physical formats, see [[Optical Discs]].

* [[BlindWrite Image File]] (.bwi, .bwt, .b5i, .b6i) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlindWrite wiki]
* [[CDI]] (Disc Juggler)
* [[CloneCD Control File]] (.ccd, .img, .sub)
* [[C2D]] Roxio
* [[CIF Image]] Roxio
* [[CUE and BIN]]
* [[CyberLink P2I]]
* [[DDP]] (Disc Description Protocol)
* [[DMG]] (Apple)
* [[Domesday Duplicator]] (.lds, .ldf, .raw)
* [[GI]] (Sonic Global Image File)
* [[ISOBuster Managed Image]] (IBP/IBQ)
* [[ISO image]] (.iso)
* [[ISZ]]
* [[MDF and MDS]]
* [[NRG]] (Nero Burning ROM)
* [[NTI CD Image]] (.ncd) [https://archive.org/download/nti-cd-maker-standard-edition-full-version-5.0.11-2001/NTICDM2K.iso/CDM2K%2FManual%2FEnglish%2FManual.pdf 1]
* [[TOAST]] (Roxio Toast)
* [[XDI (Extended Disc Image)]]
* [[TOC]] (CDRDAO)

===Optical Disc Project Formats===
Disc Burning Software Project files

* [[Nero Burning ROM]]
** [[NRI]] (CD-ROM Compilation)
** [[Nero CoverDesigner]]
** [[NSD]] Super VCD Compilation
** [[NRV]] Video CD Compilation
** [[NRE]] CD Extra Compilation
* [[CDL]] (Corel CD Creator)
* [[Easy CD Creator]] (CL2, CL3, CL4)
* [[CL5]] (Roxio EasyCD Creator 5)
* [[RCL]] (Roxio Creator Classic)
* [[ROXIO]] (Roxio Creator Classic/Easy Media Creator)
* [[ROX]] (Roxio Creator NXT)
* [[DMSD]] (Roxio MyDVD)
* [[DISC]] (Roxio TOAST)
* [[DVD Sonic]] (Sonic myDVD .dvd)
* [[NTI CD-DVD Maker]] (.cmd)
* [[Adobe Encore]] (.ncor)
* [[DVD Studio Pro]] (.dspproj)
* [[iDVD]] (.dvdproj)
* [[CyberLink Power2Go]]
* [[CD Architect]] (.cdp)
* [[DVD Architect]] (.dar)

==Hard Disk Image Formats==

* [[Ghost Image]] (.gho, .ghs)
* [[HDV (disk image)|HDV]]
* [[Raw disk image]] (.img)
* [[TeraByte Image]]

==Virtual Machine Disks and Virtualization Image Formats==
* [[OVF (Open Virtualization Format)]]
* [[qcow]] (QEMU)
* [[VDI]] (Virtual Disk Image) (VirtualBox) (.vdi)
* [[VFD (Virtual Floppy Disk)]] (Microsoft) (.vfd)
* [[VHD (Virtual Hard Disk)]] (Microsoft) (.vhd)
* [[VMDK]] (Virtual Machine Disk) (VMWare) (.vmdk)

==Tape Image Formats==

* [[APT (APF Imagination Machine)|APT]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated tape, logical bits) (.apt)
* [[APW]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated tape, raw audio) (.apw)
* [[CAS (Atari)|CAS]] (Atari; Digital Cassette Image system)
* [[PZX]] (ZX Spectrum)
* [[SIMH TAP]] (SIMH emulator's tape file format)
* [[T64]]
* [[TAP (Oric)]]
* [[TAP (ZX Spectrum)]]
* [[Tap file]] (contains data from Commodore data cassette)
* [[Tape Image Format]] (TIF) (used for seismic data)
* [[TZX]] (ZX Spectrum)
* [[Unified Emulator Format]] (UEF; also does Acorn disks and ROMs)

==Unknown==
* [[lbl]] See here for details: [https://web.archive.org/web/20130103032119/http://classiccmp.org/pipermail/cctalk/2012-December/326747.html]

==Tools==
* [[The Sleuth Kit and Autopsy]] can read raw, [[Expert Witness]], and AFF formats
* [http://www.winimage.com/ WinImage] to read, write and create images, also lots of info
* [http://foremost.sourceforge.net/ Foremost: console tool to recover files from disk images]
* [http://disktype.sourceforge.net/ disktype: detect format of disk or disk image]
* [[TrID|TrID File Identifier]]: recognize many disk image formats
* [https://github.com/bitcurator/bca-webtools bca-webtools]
* [https://github.com/eaas-framework/xmount xmount: emulates various disk image formats for use in emulators requiring them]

See also [[Disk Imaging Software & Systems]], and [[Forensics and Law Enforcement]].

== Links ==
* [http://qanda.digipres.org/20/what-are-the-reasons-for-saving-disk-images?show=183 What are the reasons for saving disk images?]
* [http://ils.unc.edu/digccurr/curategear2016-talks/woods-curategear2016.pdf BCA-Webtools: Accessing and Visualizing Disk Images in a Web Browser]

SABDU

2025-10-09T13:36:07Z

RSola: Created page with "$1"

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Disk Image Formats
|released=1991
|extensions={{ext|sdu}}
}}

'''SAB Diskette Utility''', also known as '''SABDU''', is a shareware disk utility for Windows 3.x. It was created by Stewart A. Berman.

== Identification ==

Disk image files start with the null-terminated ASCII string <code>SAB Diskette Utility</code> (hexadecimal {{magic|53 41 42 20 44 69 73 6b 65 74 74 65 20 55 74 69 6c 69 74 79 00}})<ref>[https://file-extension.net/seeker/file_extension_sdu File extension SDU details at File Extension Seeker]</ref>. A version number in the form of a null-terminated ASCII string (like <code>2.10</code>) comes next. It is unclear if this version number means the version of the program that created the file or if it tells apart variants of the file format.

== Software ==

* http://www.saberman.com/SABDU/ - Latest official version (2.92) from author's website
* [https://github.com/jfdelnero/HxCFloppyEmulator HxCFloppyEmulator] allegedly supports reading SDU image files<ref>https://github.com/jfdelnero/HxCFloppyEmulator/tree/main/libhxcfe/sources/loaders/sdu_loader</ref>.
* [https://github.com/keirf/flashfloppy FlashFloppy] can also read SDU image files<ref>https://github.com/keirf/flashfloppy/blob/master/src/image/img.c</ref>.
* [https://winimage.com/winimage.htm Winimage] and its companion tool [https://winimage.com/extract.htm Extract] claim support for SDU image files.

== Sample files ==

* {{DiscMasterURL|browse/38912/AST_DataDisc_UK6050d.iso/original/astdu}} → *.SDU
* SABDU distribution archives, which usually can be found on software compilations as SABDUxxx.ZIP, also include TEST0360.SDU, TEST0720.SDU, TEST1200.SDU and TEST1440.SDU image files since version 2.10.

== References ==

<references/>

Logitech Compress

2025-09-30T13:10:44Z

RSola: Give a brief description of header fields for v2.0 format

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Compression
|extensions={{ext|??%}}, {{ext|??~}}
|released=~1991 (v1), ~1996 (v2)
}}
'''Logitech Compress''' refers to a compressed file format used by Logitech for software installation.

There are two known versions, which we'll call "v1.0" and "v2.0", after the version number of the corresponding LGEXPAND.EXE decompression utility.

V1.0 is just raw [[PKWARE DCL Implode]] data.

V2.0 adds an 8-byte header, so it is a distinct format. This header includes the last character from the original file extension, a byte whose purpose is currently unknown, and the uncompressed file size as a 4-byte little-endian integer.

== Identification ==
V2.0: Files start with bytes {{magic|da fa}}. The two bytes at offset 8 are probably always {{magic|00 06}}, because the format has only been seen to use binary-4K compression, even for text files. The file ends with one of the bit patterns that [[PKWARE DCL Implode]] can end with.

== Software ==
Packages using the format often include LGEXPAND.EXE, a decompression utility for DOS.

V1.0:
* {{CdTextfiles|cream04/windows/logimw62.zip|logimw62.zip}} → LGEXPAND.EXE
* {{CdTextfiles|cream20/windows/logi71.zip|logi71.zip}} → LGEXPAND.EXE
* See also [[PKWARE DCL Implode#Software]] and [[TTCOMP#Software]].

V2.0:
* [https://archive.org/details/packard-bell-ftp-zd.-7z Packard Bell FTP] → Packard Bell FTP ZD.7z → Bell FTP ZD/ZDSFIUP01970100/l3dw9nt.zip → LGEXPAND.EXE
* [https://archive.org/details/PCMCDS Discos PCManía] → PCMania CD79_3.iso → HTML/DATA/CONTROL/M83setup.EXE → DISK1/LGEXPAND.EXE
* [{{DiscMasterHash|b5d596872c924ceb5194bfd55cd9970cda5f7e83d44c3c79753680bf4e99bd77}} DiscMaster search for LGEXPAND.EXE v2.0]
* {{Deark}}

== Sample files ==
* In most cases, the LGEXPAND.EXE utility is found alongside examples of compressed files. Refer to the Software section above.

Disk IMage Archiver

2025-08-28T13:55:28Z

RSola: Basic information

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Disk Image Formats
|released=1992
|extensions={{ext|dim}}, special
}}

'''Disk Image Archiver''' (stylized as '''Disk IMage Archiver'''), or '''DIM''', is a shareware disk imaging utility for PC DOS developed by Ray (Arsen) Arachelian. Disk images can be created as regular data files. Optionally, a password can be specified to protect the disk image contents, although the encryption method is said to not to be very secure. A companion tool, '''MKSFXDIM''', can convert these files into self-extracting executable modules; however, encrypted disk images are not supported. Versions of the software other than 1.4a seem to have disappeared and sample files are very hard to find.

== Identification ==

Disk image files start with the ASCII text <code>Disk IMage VER 1.0 Copyright (C) 1992 Ray Arachelian, All Rights Reserved.</code>, but checking <code>Disk IMage VER </code> (hexadecimal {{magic|44 69 73 6b 20 49 4d 61 67 65 20 56 45 52 20}}) should be enough<ref>[https://file-extension.net/seeker/file_extension_dim File extension DIM details at File Extension Seeker]</ref>.

Executable self-extracting images start with an [[MS-DOS EXE]] header. Previously mentioned signature should be found somewhere from the start of the overlay segment (see [[MS-DOS_EXE#Special_file_positions]] for reference). A signature in the TrID database<ref>[https://file-extension.net/seeker/file_extension_exe File extension EXE details at File Extension Seeker]</ref> matches the EXE header from SFX executables created by MKSFXDIM.EXE V1.3, which is included in the DIM 1.4a distribution package.

== Software ==

* {{CdTextfiles|simtel20/MSDOS/DSKUTL/DIM14A.ZIP}}
* [https://github.com/aaru-dps/Aaru Aaru] allegedly supports reading and writing Disk IMage Archiver files<ref>[https://github.com/aaru-dps/Aaru/tree/devel/Aaru.Images/RayDIM Aaru.Images/RayDIM subdirectory]</ref>.

== Sample files ==

IBM PC-DOS 1.10 disk image ripped and packaged by Tech Knight for the Endangered Sofware Archive
* {{DiscMasterURL|17908/207.182.244.42.tar/207.182.244.42/pub/www.anotherworld.eu.org/Anonymous_FTP/Lost_SoftWare/Operating_System/Dos/IBM_Dos_1.10_us.zip/TK-DOS11.DIM}}

Self-extracting disk images (note that these disks don't have a FAT-based file system)
* https://ftp.sco.com/UW20/2069as.exe
* https://ftp.sco.com/UW20/2069st.exe
* https://ftp.sco.com/UW20/hba202.exe
* https://ftp.sco.com/UW20/hba203.exe

== References ==

<references/>

SXD (Sydex)

2025-05-12T03:17:12Z

RSola: /* Identification */ grammar and clarification

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Disk Image Formats
}}

Not to be confused with the [[SXD]] graphics format used by StarOffice Draw and OpenOffice Draw.

== Overview ==

Sydex offered an enhanced commercial Plus package for its [[CopyQM]] disk imaging software which provided additional features and tools. Creation of self-extracting disk images was enabled by the MAKESXD.EXE utility and the SELFEXTRACT option in the main program COPYQM.EXE.

== Identification ==

Files are standard [[MS-DOS EXE]] files. A few combined DOS and 16-bit [[NE]] OS/2 extractors have been observed as well.

The ''overlay'' segment (refer to [[MS-DOS EXE#Special file positions]]) should start with ASCII {{magic|SXD}}. However, some files feature a ''wrapper'' block of text which will be shown on screen before the self-extracting image is written to a floppy disk; for example, a license agreement that must be accepted. The wrapper block starts with ASCII <code>WB</code>, followed by the length of the block (same format as EXE header) and the compressed text. Then, ASCII <code>SXD</code> follows the wrapper.

== Software ==

* {{DiscMasterURL|browse/29661/ibm0430-0439/ibm0436.tar/ibm0436/CQMP321.ZIP|CQMP321.ZIP}} CopyQM Plus version 3.21

== Sample files ==

* https://www.ardent-tool.com/video/xgautil.exe
* https://www.ardent-tool.com/video/am2win1.exe
* https://www.ardent-tool.com/video/am2win2.exe

Disk Image Formats

2025-05-08T12:18:04Z

RSola: /* PC (DOS/Windows) */ Add SXD self-extracting disk image format from CopyQM Plus by Sydex

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|thiscat=Disk Image Formats
|image=Selanit floppy disk download icon.png
}}

[[Filesystem]]s and other file formats described on this page's parent page describe entities that exist on disks as they would normally be used.

However, there are also file formats that allow a physical disk (or tape or other medium) to be "imaged" into a file, either to be re-copied onto a physical disk later, or else used by an *emulator* of the computer system that would have originally used that sort of media.

These file formats represent a data image of one of the physical floppy disk (etc.) formats. In addition to the raw data from the disk/tape/etc, these formats may contain metadata that the corresponding emulator environment uses to correctly access the data.

Typically, when archiving a physical disk for later use, a physical disk will be imaged into one of these file formats. Sub-pages of this page should contain information on the format itself as well as instructions on how to extract a physical disk into that disk image format, including information about what physical drives are required, what software to use and how and what OS that is run under.

See also [[ROM and memory images]] for images of memory, and [[Floppy disk]]s for the physical floppies. See [[Archiving]] for archive and backup formats that are filesystem-based rather than raw-sector-based. See [[Filesystem]] for the filesystems. [[Forensics and Law Enforcement]] has formats for preserving drive contents with metadata for investigations.

==Floppy Disk Image Formats==
Images created directly from floppy disks.
===Generic Sector Images===

====Acorn====

* [[Acorn Archimedes Disk Image]]

====Amiga====

* [[ADF (Amiga)]]
* [[Disk Imploder]] (Amiga) (.dmp, .dex)
* [[Disk Masher System]] (Amiga) (.dms)
* [[WRP]]

====Amstrad====

* [[DSK (CPCEMU)]], used for Amstrad and related disks (typically [[3" disk]]s)

====APF Imagination Machine====

* [[APD]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated disk) (.apd)

====Apple II series====

* [[A2R disk image]]
* [[Apple Disk Image]] (Apple II disk image with header) (.2mg)
* [[Disk Copy 4.2]] (Apple)
* [[Disk Copy 6]] (Apple)
* [[DSK (Apple II)]], used for Apple II disks (typically 5.25" disks)
* [[EDD disk image]]
* [[Nibblized disk image]] (.nib), an Apple II disk image format that works for copy-protected disks
* SDK - See [[NuFX]].
* [[WOZ disk image]]

====Atari====
===== Atari 8-bit =====
* [[ATR]] (SIO2PC)
* [[DCM]] (Disk Communicator)
* [[DI]] (800XL DJ emulator)
* [[PRO]] (APE ProSystem)
* [[SCP]] (Spartados)
* [[XFD]] (Xformer)
===== Atari ST =====
* [[DIM]] (F-Copy)
* [[The JAM Packer]]
* [[MSA (Magic Shadow Archiver)]]
* [[ST disk image]]
* [[STT]] (STEEM)
* [[STX]] (Pasti)

====Commodore 64/128/PET/CBM====

* [[C64 Nibbler Format]] (.nib) (created by mnib)
* [[D64]] and its variants (D71, D81, all with optional error information) from the C64
* [[G64]] C64 raw (GCR coded) disk image

====Macintosh====

* [[Apple Disk Image]] (MacOS or OS X disk image with header) (.dmg, .smi, .img)
* [[DART]] (Apple)
* [[MOOF]]
* [[Sparse image]] (Apple disk image) (.sparseimage)

====MSX====
* [[PDI]] (Protected Disk Image)

====PC (DOS/Windows)====

* [[86F]] (86Box)
* [[ApriDisk]]
* [[CFI disk image]]
* [[CopyQM]]
* [[DDI]] (DiskDupe image file)
* [[Disk Express]] (.dxp)
* [[DSQ (disk image)|DSQ]]
* [[FDF Image]] (EZ-DisKlone)
* [[FDI]] (Formatted Disk Image)
* [[IMA]]
* [[IMD]] (ImageDisk)
* [[IMG (DOSIMG)|IMG]] (HD-Copy disk image)
* [[LoadDskF/SaveDskF]] (.dsk)
* [[Quick Release Sector Transfer]] (Compaq)
* [[RIM]] (EZ-DiskCopy PRO)
* [[SXD (Sydex)|SXD]] (CopyQM Plus)
* [[TD0]] (TeleDisk)
* [[XPACK disk image]] (.xdi)

====Tandy====

* [[DMK]]
* [[JV1/JV3]]
* [[JVC]]

====ZX Spectrum====
* [[Mirage Microdrive Snapshot]]
* [[TRD]] (see [[TR-DOS filesystem]])

====Misc.====
* [[Anex86 PC98 floppy image]] (.fdi)
* [[D88]] (.d88, .1dd, .2dd)
* [[DiscFerret floppy image]] (.dfi)
* [[DSK (Oric)]]
* [[Famicom Disk System]] (.fds)
* [[LDBS disk image]] (.ldbs)
* [[MESS floppy image]] (.mfi)
* [[Pasopia disk image]] (.d88)
* [[Raw disk image]] (.img) (ie, created with dd)
* [[Compressed Hunks of Data]] (.chd)
* [[SD HxC Floppy Image]] (.hfe) [https://hxc2001.com/download/floppy_drive_emulator/SDCard_HxC_Floppy_Emulator_HFE_file_format.pdf 1]
* [[SuperCard Pro]] (.scp)
* [[Wang Virtual Disk image]] (.wvd)

===Physical (Hardware) Images===

* [[DRAFT]] (Software Preservation Society intermediate format)
* [[IPF]] (Software Preservation Society image format)
* [[KryoFlux]]

==Optical Disc Image Formats==
CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, BluRay, GD-ROM etc. For the physical formats, see [[Optical Discs]].

* [[BlindWrite Image File]] (.bwi, .bwt, .b5i, .b6i) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlindWrite wiki]
* [[CDI]] (Disc Juggler)
* [[CloneCD Control File]] (.ccd, .img, .sub)
* [[C2D]] Roxio
* [[CIF Image]] Roxio
* [[CUE and BIN]]
* [[CyberLink P2I]]
* [[DDP]] (Disc Description Protocol)
* [[DMG]] (Apple)
* [[Domesday Duplicator]] (.lds, .ldf, .raw)
* [[GI]] (Sonic Global Image File)
* [[ISOBuster Managed Image]] (IBP/IBQ)
* [[ISO image]] (.iso)
* [[ISZ]]
* [[MDF and MDS]]
* [[NRG]] (Nero Burning ROM)
* [[NTI CD Image]] (.ncd) [https://archive.org/download/nti-cd-maker-standard-edition-full-version-5.0.11-2001/NTICDM2K.iso/CDM2K%2FManual%2FEnglish%2FManual.pdf 1]
* [[TOAST]] (Roxio Toast)
* [[XDI (Extended Disc Image)]]
* [[TOC]] (CDRDAO)

===Optical Disc Project Formats===
Disc Burning Software Project files

* [[Nero Burning ROM]]
** [[NRI]] (CD-ROM Compilation)
** [[Nero CoverDesigner]]
** [[NSD]] Super VCD Compilation
** [[NRV]] Video CD Compilation
** [[NRE]] CD Extra Compilation
* [[CDL]] (Corel CD Creator)
* [[Easy CD Creator]] (CL2, CL3, CL4)
* [[CL5]] (Roxio EasyCD Creator 5)
* [[RCL]] (Roxio Creator Classic)
* [[ROXIO]] (Roxio Creator Classic/Easy Media Creator)
* [[ROX]] (Roxio Creator NXT)
* [[DMSD]] (Roxio MyDVD)
* [[DISC]] (Roxio TOAST)
* [[DVD Sonic]] (Sonic myDVD .dvd)
* [[NTI CD-DVD Maker]] (.cmd)
* [[Adobe Encore]] (.ncor)
* [[DVD Studio Pro]] (.dspproj)
* [[iDVD]] (.dvdproj)
* [[CyberLink Power2Go]]
* [[CD Architect]] (.cdp)
* [[DVD Architect]] (.dar)

==Hard Disk Image Formats==

* [[Ghost Image]] (.gho, .ghs)
* [[HDV (disk image)|HDV]]
* [[Raw disk image]] (.img)
* [[TeraByte Image]]

==Virtual Machine Disks and Virtualization Image Formats==
* [[OVF (Open Virtualization Format)]]
* [[qcow]] (QEMU)
* [[VDI]] (Virtual Disk Image) (VirtualBox) (.vdi)
* [[VFD (Virtual Floppy Disk)]] (Microsoft) (.vfd)
* [[VHD (Virtual Hard Disk)]] (Microsoft) (.vhd)
* [[VMDK]] (Virtual Machine Disk) (VMWare) (.vmdk)

==Tape Image Formats==

* [[APT (APF Imagination Machine)|APT]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated tape, logical bits) (.apt)
* [[APW]] (APF Imagination Machine emulated tape, raw audio) (.apw)
* [[CAS (Atari)|CAS]] (Atari; Digital Cassette Image system)
* [[PZX]] (ZX Spectrum)
* [[SIMH TAP]] (SIMH emulator's tape file format)
* [[T64]]
* [[TAP (Oric)]]
* [[TAP (ZX Spectrum)]]
* [[Tap file]] (contains data from Commodore data cassette)
* [[Tape Image Format]] (TIF) (used for seismic data)
* [[TZX]] (ZX Spectrum)
* [[Unified Emulator Format]] (UEF; also does Acorn disks and ROMs)

==Unknown==
* [[lbl]] See here for details: [https://web.archive.org/web/20130103032119/http://classiccmp.org/pipermail/cctalk/2012-December/326747.html]

==Tools==
* [[The Sleuth Kit and Autopsy]] can read raw, [[Expert Witness]], and AFF formats
* [http://www.winimage.com/ WinImage] to read, write and create images, also lots of info
* [http://foremost.sourceforge.net/ Foremost: console tool to recover files from disk images]
* [http://disktype.sourceforge.net/ disktype: detect format of disk or disk image]
* [[TrID|TrID File Identifier]]: recognize many disk image formats
* [https://github.com/bitcurator/bca-webtools bca-webtools]
* [https://github.com/eaas-framework/xmount xmount: emulates various disk image formats for use in emulators requiring them]

See also [[Disk Imaging Software & Systems]], and [[Forensics and Law Enforcement]].

== Links ==
* [http://qanda.digipres.org/20/what-are-the-reasons-for-saving-disk-images?show=183 What are the reasons for saving disk images?]
* [http://ils.unc.edu/digccurr/curategear2016-talks/woods-curategear2016.pdf BCA-Webtools: Accessing and Visualizing Disk Images in a Web Browser]

SXD (Sydex)

2025-05-08T12:13:36Z

RSola: Initial description

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Disk Image Formats
}}

Not to be confused with the [[SXD]] graphics format used by StarOffice Draw and OpenOffice Draw.

== Overview ==

Sydex offered an enhanced commercial Plus package for its [[CopyQM]] disk imaging software which provided additional features and tools. Creation of self-extracting disk images was enabled by the MAKESXD.EXE utility and the SELFEXTRACT option in the main program COPYQM.EXE.

== Identification ==

Files are standard [[MS-DOS EXE]] files. A few combined DOS and 16-bit [[NE]] OS/2 extractors have been observed as well.

The ''overlay'' segment (refer to [[MS-DOS EXE#Special file positions]]) should start with ASCII {{magic|SXD}}. However, some files feature a ''wrapper'' block of text which will shown on screen before the self-extracting image is written to disk; for example, a license agreement that must be accepted. The wrapper block starts with ASCII <code>WB</code>, followed by the length of the block (same format as EXE header) and the compressed text. Then, ASCII <code>SXD</code> follows the wrapper.

== Software ==

* {{DiscMasterURL|browse/29661/ibm0430-0439/ibm0436.tar/ibm0436/CQMP321.ZIP|CQMP321.ZIP}} CopyQM Plus version 3.21

== Sample files ==

* https://www.ardent-tool.com/video/xgautil.exe
* https://www.ardent-tool.com/video/am2win1.exe
* https://www.ardent-tool.com/video/am2win2.exe

Disk Express

2025-04-20T02:03:05Z

RSola: /* Software */ Links for shareware versions 2.x

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Disk Image Formats
|extensions={{ext|dxp}}, special
|released=1991
}}

'''Disk Express''' (stylized as '''Disk eXPress''') is a shareware utility for PCDOS and OS/2 by Albert J. Shan, allowing floppy disks to be imaged. A disk image could be saved either as a data file, or as an executable that when run wrote its contents back to diskette.

== Identification ==

If the file is not executable, it begins with a 512-byte header. The first two bytes will be 'AS' and the third will be a version number, 0-2.

If the file is executable, it starts with an [[MS-DOS EXE]] header. Bytes 2-5 of the header give the length of the executable portion, as normal. The disk image header starting with 'AS' is found four bytes after the executable portion.

Executable files use the .EXE extension.

== Structure ==

=== Executable loader ===

Depending on the options selected when the disk was imaged, the executable loader (if present) will either be in [[MS-DOS EXE]] or [[New Executable]] format (for OS/2). It is followed by a 4-byte checksum and then the disk image data.

=== Disk image header ===

The disk image has a 512-byte header:

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset
! Size
! Description
|-
|0x000 || 2 bytes || Magic number, <code>AS</code>
|-
|0x002 || 1 byte || Major version of Disk Express required to write this file (2 in files generated by v2.x)
|-
|0x003 || 1 byte || Minor version required to write this file (30 if 'encrypted' or 'bad sectors' flags are set, otherwise 0)
|-
|0x004 || 1 byte || Release of Disk Express that created this file (single ASCII character)
|-
|0x005 || 1 byte || Disk capacity:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0 || 160k
|-
|1 || 180k
|-
|2 || 320k
|-
|3 || 360k
|-
|4 || 720k
|-
|5 || 1.2M
|-
|6 || 1.4M
|-
|7 || 2.8M
|}
|-
|0x006 || 4 bytes || [[CRC-32]] of disk data
|-
|0x00A || 1 byte || Compression type: 0 for uncompressed, 1-2 for compressed
|-
|0x00B || 1 byte || Last cylinder imaged
|-
|0x00C || 1 byte || Last head imaged
|-
|0x00D || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x00E || 1 byte || Bitwise flags:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0x01 || Non-DOS disk
|-
|0x02 || Encrypted disk image
|-
|0x04 || Contains bad sectors
|}
|-
|0x00F || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x010 || 4 bytes || Passphrase hash (if encrypted)
|-
|0x014 || 284 bytes || Always 0
|-
|0x130 || 4 bytes || CRC-32 of file header
|-
|0x134 || 200 bytes || File description: 5 lines each of 40 characters, [[CP437]] character set
|-
|0x1FC || 4 bytes || CRC-32 of description
|}

=== Sector data ===

The imaged sectors follow the header with no further header or trailer information. The default behaviour of Disk Express is to record up to the last allocated block on the disk, so the amount of data stored may be less than the media type in the header block.

If the file is compressed, then each track is compressed separately. Each track in this case is preceded by a little-endian word, giving the length of the compressed data. There are special cases if the length is 1 (in which case all bytes in the track are the same) or if it is the same as the uncompressed length (in which case the track is not compressed).

== Software ==

* [{{CdTextfilesURL|640swstudio/UTILITY/DKEXP101.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.01]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nopv07/020A/DKEXP1.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.02]
* {{DiscMasterLink|browse/14387/winos2_a.zip/winos2_a/OS2/UTILITY/DISK/DXP196B.ZIP|Disk eXPress v1.96 (beta)}}
* {{DiscMasterLink|browse/21352/La_Coleccion_Walnut_Creek_Junio_1993.iso/dos/diskette/dxp200.zip|Disk eXPress v2.00}}
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|pier01/017a/dxp203.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.03]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|pier02/002a/dxp210.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.10]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|pier02/026a/dxp21a.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.10a]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nopv10/015a/dxp220.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.20]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|hobbesos2/ALL/DISKUTIL/DXP230.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v2.30]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nopv11/016A/DXP231.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v2.31]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nopv13/039A/DXP232.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v2.32]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|swextrav4-4/os2utilf/dxp233.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.33]
* [{{SACFTPURL|utildisk|dxp234.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.34]

== Sample files ==

Self-extracting images created by regular shareware and licensed versions

* https://dl.dell.com/chipset/Kniea001.exe → DD0377p1.EXE, DD0377p2.EXE
* https://ftpmirror.infania.net/sites/ct_treiber_service/treiber/toshiba/dos_driv/tcm30.exe → TCM3DISK.EXE - Encrypted image

Self-extracting images created by special versions licensed for IBM

* {{CdTextfilesURL|pier/pier03/035/vp162fix.zip}} → VP162FIX.EXE
* http://phoenix.bnbbbs.net/files/os2swbbs/ndrivers/164adap2.exe

Standalone disk images

* [https://archive.org/download/2015.02.old-dos.ru 2015.02.old-dos.ru] → 2015.02.maxxx.tar → maxxx/DOS/System/DRdos/Drdos50/4dxp/DRD50-*.DXP - Uncompressed, version 2.x

Disk Express

2025-04-15T00:49:23Z

RSola: /* Sample files */ grammar edit

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Disk Image Formats
|extensions={{ext|dxp}}, special
|released=1991
}}

'''Disk Express''' (stylized as '''Disk eXPress''') is a shareware utility for PCDOS and OS/2 by Albert J. Shan, allowing floppy disks to be imaged. A disk image could be saved either as a data file, or as an executable that when run wrote its contents back to diskette.

== Identification ==

If the file is not executable, it begins with a 512-byte header. The first two bytes will be 'AS' and the third will be a version number, 0-2.

If the file is executable, it starts with an [[MS-DOS EXE]] header. Bytes 2-5 of the header give the length of the executable portion, as normal. The disk image header starting with 'AS' is found four bytes after the executable portion.

Executable files use the .EXE extension.

== Structure ==

=== Executable loader ===

Depending on the options selected when the disk was imaged, the executable loader (if present) will either be in [[MS-DOS EXE]] or [[New Executable]] format (for OS/2). It is followed by a 4-byte checksum and then the disk image data.

=== Disk image header ===

The disk image has a 512-byte header:

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset
! Size
! Description
|-
|0x000 || 2 bytes || Magic number, <code>AS</code>
|-
|0x002 || 1 byte || Major version of Disk Express required to write this file (2 in files generated by v2.x)
|-
|0x003 || 1 byte || Minor version required to write this file (30 if 'encrypted' or 'bad sectors' flags are set, otherwise 0)
|-
|0x004 || 1 byte || Release of Disk Express that created this file (single ASCII character)
|-
|0x005 || 1 byte || Disk capacity:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0 || 160k
|-
|1 || 180k
|-
|2 || 320k
|-
|3 || 360k
|-
|4 || 720k
|-
|5 || 1.2M
|-
|6 || 1.4M
|-
|7 || 2.8M
|}
|-
|0x006 || 4 bytes || [[CRC-32]] of disk data
|-
|0x00A || 1 byte || Compression type: 0 for uncompressed, 1-2 for compressed
|-
|0x00B || 1 byte || Last cylinder imaged
|-
|0x00C || 1 byte || Last head imaged
|-
|0x00D || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x00E || 1 byte || Bitwise flags:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0x01 || Non-DOS disk
|-
|0x02 || Encrypted disk image
|-
|0x04 || Contains bad sectors
|}
|-
|0x00F || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x010 || 4 bytes || Passphrase hash (if encrypted)
|-
|0x014 || 284 bytes || Always 0
|-
|0x130 || 4 bytes || CRC-32 of file header
|-
|0x134 || 200 bytes || File description: 5 lines each of 40 characters, [[CP437]] character set
|-
|0x1FC || 4 bytes || CRC-32 of description
|}

=== Sector data ===

The imaged sectors follow the header with no further header or trailer information. The default behaviour of Disk Express is to record up to the last allocated block on the disk, so the amount of data stored may be less than the media type in the header block.

If the file is compressed, then each track is compressed separately. Each track in this case is preceded by a little-endian word, giving the length of the compressed data. There are special cases if the length is 1 (in which case all bytes in the track are the same) or if it is the same as the uncompressed length (in which case the track is not compressed).

== Software ==

* [{{CdTextfilesURL|640swstudio/UTILITY/DKEXP101.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.01]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nightowl/nopv07/020A/DKEXP1.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.02]
* {{DiscMasterLink|file/14387/winos2_a.zip/winos2_a/OS2/UTILITY/DISK/DXP196B.ZIP|Disk eXPress v1.96 (beta)}}
* [{{SACFTPURL|utildisk|dxp234.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.34]

== Sample files ==

Self-extracting images created by regular shareware and licensed versions

* https://dl.dell.com/chipset/Kniea001.exe → DD0377p1.EXE, DD0377p2.EXE
* https://ftpmirror.infania.net/sites/ct_treiber_service/treiber/toshiba/dos_driv/tcm30.exe → TCM3DISK.EXE - Encrypted image

Self-extracting images created by special versions licensed for IBM

* {{CdTextfilesURL|pier/pier03/035/vp162fix.zip}} → VP162FIX.EXE
* http://phoenix.bnbbbs.net/files/os2swbbs/ndrivers/164adap2.exe

Standalone disk images

* [https://archive.org/download/2015.02.old-dos.ru 2015.02.old-dos.ru] → 2015.02.maxxx.tar → maxxx/DOS/System/DRdos/Drdos50/4dxp/DRD50-*.DXP - Uncompressed, version 2.x

Disk Express

2025-04-15T00:48:13Z

RSola: /* Sample files */ A few more samples, no need to be picky about image contents

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Disk Image Formats
|extensions={{ext|dxp}}, special
|released=1991
}}

'''Disk Express''' (stylized as '''Disk eXPress''') is a shareware utility for PCDOS and OS/2 by Albert J. Shan, allowing floppy disks to be imaged. A disk image could be saved either as a data file, or as an executable that when run wrote its contents back to diskette.

== Identification ==

If the file is not executable, it begins with a 512-byte header. The first two bytes will be 'AS' and the third will be a version number, 0-2.

If the file is executable, it starts with an [[MS-DOS EXE]] header. Bytes 2-5 of the header give the length of the executable portion, as normal. The disk image header starting with 'AS' is found four bytes after the executable portion.

Executable files use the .EXE extension.

== Structure ==

=== Executable loader ===

Depending on the options selected when the disk was imaged, the executable loader (if present) will either be in [[MS-DOS EXE]] or [[New Executable]] format (for OS/2). It is followed by a 4-byte checksum and then the disk image data.

=== Disk image header ===

The disk image has a 512-byte header:

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset
! Size
! Description
|-
|0x000 || 2 bytes || Magic number, <code>AS</code>
|-
|0x002 || 1 byte || Major version of Disk Express required to write this file (2 in files generated by v2.x)
|-
|0x003 || 1 byte || Minor version required to write this file (30 if 'encrypted' or 'bad sectors' flags are set, otherwise 0)
|-
|0x004 || 1 byte || Release of Disk Express that created this file (single ASCII character)
|-
|0x005 || 1 byte || Disk capacity:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0 || 160k
|-
|1 || 180k
|-
|2 || 320k
|-
|3 || 360k
|-
|4 || 720k
|-
|5 || 1.2M
|-
|6 || 1.4M
|-
|7 || 2.8M
|}
|-
|0x006 || 4 bytes || [[CRC-32]] of disk data
|-
|0x00A || 1 byte || Compression type: 0 for uncompressed, 1-2 for compressed
|-
|0x00B || 1 byte || Last cylinder imaged
|-
|0x00C || 1 byte || Last head imaged
|-
|0x00D || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x00E || 1 byte || Bitwise flags:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0x01 || Non-DOS disk
|-
|0x02 || Encrypted disk image
|-
|0x04 || Contains bad sectors
|}
|-
|0x00F || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x010 || 4 bytes || Passphrase hash (if encrypted)
|-
|0x014 || 284 bytes || Always 0
|-
|0x130 || 4 bytes || CRC-32 of file header
|-
|0x134 || 200 bytes || File description: 5 lines each of 40 characters, [[CP437]] character set
|-
|0x1FC || 4 bytes || CRC-32 of description
|}

=== Sector data ===

The imaged sectors follow the header with no further header or trailer information. The default behaviour of Disk Express is to record up to the last allocated block on the disk, so the amount of data stored may be less than the media type in the header block.

If the file is compressed, then each track is compressed separately. Each track in this case is preceded by a little-endian word, giving the length of the compressed data. There are special cases if the length is 1 (in which case all bytes in the track are the same) or if it is the same as the uncompressed length (in which case the track is not compressed).

== Software ==

* [{{CdTextfilesURL|640swstudio/UTILITY/DKEXP101.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.01]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nightowl/nopv07/020A/DKEXP1.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.02]
* {{DiscMasterLink|file/14387/winos2_a.zip/winos2_a/OS2/UTILITY/DISK/DXP196B.ZIP|Disk eXPress v1.96 (beta)}}
* [{{SACFTPURL|utildisk|dxp234.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.34]

== Sample files ==

Self-extracting images created by regular shareware and licensed versions

* https://dl.dell.com/chipset/Kniea001.exe → DD0377p1.EXE, DD0377p2.EXE
* https://ftpmirror.infania.net/sites/ct_treiber_service/treiber/toshiba/dos_driv/tcm30.exe → TCM3DISK.EXE - Encrypted image

Self-extracting images created by special licensed versions for IBM

* {{CdTextfilesURL|pier/pier03/035/vp162fix.zip}} → VP162FIX.EXE
* http://phoenix.bnbbbs.net/files/os2swbbs/ndrivers/164adap2.exe

Standalone disk images

* [https://archive.org/download/2015.02.old-dos.ru 2015.02.old-dos.ru] → 2015.02.maxxx.tar → maxxx/DOS/System/DRdos/Drdos50/4dxp/DRD50-*.DXP - Uncompressed, version 2.x

Disk Express

2025-04-14T18:55:57Z

RSola: /* Samples */ Some self-extracting samples

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Disk Image Formats
|extensions={{ext|dxp}}, special
|released=1991
}}

'''Disk Express''' (stylized as '''Disk eXPress''') is a shareware utility for PCDOS and OS/2 by Albert J. Shan, allowing floppy disks to be imaged. A disk image could be saved either as a data file, or as an executable that when run wrote its contents back to diskette.

== Identification ==

If the file is not executable, it begins with a 512-byte header. The first two bytes will be 'AS' and the third will be a version number, 0-2.

If the file is executable, it starts with an [[MS-DOS EXE]] header. Bytes 2-5 of the header give the length of the executable portion, as normal. The disk image header starting with 'AS' is found four bytes after the executable portion.

Executable files use the .EXE extension.

== Structure ==

=== Executable loader ===

Depending on the options selected when the disk was imaged, the executable loader (if present) will either be in [[MS-DOS EXE]] or [[New Executable]] format (for OS/2). It is followed by a 4-byte checksum and then the disk image data.

=== Disk image header ===

The disk image has a 512-byte header:

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset
! Size
! Description
|-
|0x000 || 2 bytes || Magic number, <code>AS</code>
|-
|0x002 || 1 byte || Major version of Disk Express required to write this file (2 in files generated by v2.x)
|-
|0x003 || 1 byte || Minor version required to write this file (30 if 'encrypted' or 'bad sectors' flags are set, otherwise 0)
|-
|0x004 || 1 byte || Release of Disk Express that created this file (single ASCII character)
|-
|0x005 || 1 byte || Disk capacity:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0 || 160k
|-
|1 || 180k
|-
|2 || 320k
|-
|3 || 360k
|-
|4 || 720k
|-
|5 || 1.2M
|-
|6 || 1.4M
|-
|7 || 2.8M
|}
|-
|0x006 || 4 bytes || [[CRC-32]] of disk data
|-
|0x00A || 1 byte || Compression type: 0 for uncompressed, 1-2 for compressed
|-
|0x00B || 1 byte || Last cylinder imaged
|-
|0x00C || 1 byte || Last head imaged
|-
|0x00D || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x00E || 1 byte || Bitwise flags:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0x01 || Non-DOS disk
|-
|0x02 || Encrypted disk image
|-
|0x04 || Contains bad sectors
|}
|-
|0x00F || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x010 || 4 bytes || Passphrase hash (if encrypted)
|-
|0x014 || 284 bytes || Always 0
|-
|0x130 || 4 bytes || CRC-32 of file header
|-
|0x134 || 200 bytes || File description: 5 lines each of 40 characters, [[CP437]] character set
|-
|0x1FC || 4 bytes || CRC-32 of description
|}

=== Sector data ===

The imaged sectors follow the header with no further header or trailer information. The default behaviour of Disk Express is to record up to the last allocated block on the disk, so the amount of data stored may be less than the media type in the header block.

If the file is compressed, then each track is compressed separately. Each track in this case is preceded by a little-endian word, giving the length of the compressed data. There are special cases if the length is 1 (in which case all bytes in the track are the same) or if it is the same as the uncompressed length (in which case the track is not compressed).

== Software ==

* [{{CdTextfilesURL|640swstudio/UTILITY/DKEXP101.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.01]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nightowl/nopv07/020A/DKEXP1.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.02]
* {{DiscMasterLink|file/14387/winos2_a.zip/winos2_a/OS2/UTILITY/DISK/DXP196B.ZIP|Disk eXPress v1.96 (beta)}}
* [{{SACFTPURL|utildisk|dxp234.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.34]

== Sample files ==

* https://dl.dell.com/chipset/Kniea001.exe → DD0377p1.EXE, DD0377p2.EXE - Intel Streaming SIMD (KNI), v. 4.04.08, A00 package from Dell
* https://ftpmirror.infania.net/sites/ct_treiber_service/treiber/toshiba/dos_driv/tcm30.exe → TCM3DISK.EXE - Toshiba Card Manager 3.0 (encrypted self-extracting image)

Disk Express

2025-04-14T18:32:35Z

RSola: /* Software */ Surviving beggarware (1.x) and beta (1.96) versions, 2.x prior to 2.34 will come later

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Disk Image Formats
|extensions={{ext|dxp}}, special
|released=1991
}}

'''Disk Express''' (stylized as '''Disk eXPress''') is a shareware utility for PCDOS and OS/2 by Albert J. Shan, allowing floppy disks to be imaged. A disk image could be saved either as a data file, or as an executable that when run wrote its contents back to diskette.

== Identification ==

If the file is not executable, it begins with a 512-byte header. The first two bytes will be 'AS' and the third will be a version number, 0-2.

If the file is executable, it starts with an [[MS-DOS EXE]] header. Bytes 2-5 of the header give the length of the executable portion, as normal. The disk image header starting with 'AS' is found four bytes after the executable portion.

Executable files use the .EXE extension.

== Structure ==

=== Executable loader ===

Depending on the options selected when the disk was imaged, the executable loader (if present) will either be in [[MS-DOS EXE]] or [[New Executable]] format (for OS/2). It is followed by a 4-byte checksum and then the disk image data.

=== Disk image header ===

The disk image has a 512-byte header:

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset
! Size
! Description
|-
|0x000 || 2 bytes || Magic number, <code>AS</code>
|-
|0x002 || 1 byte || Major version of Disk Express required to write this file (2 in files generated by v2.x)
|-
|0x003 || 1 byte || Minor version required to write this file (30 if 'encrypted' or 'bad sectors' flags are set, otherwise 0)
|-
|0x004 || 1 byte || Release of Disk Express that created this file (single ASCII character)
|-
|0x005 || 1 byte || Disk capacity:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0 || 160k
|-
|1 || 180k
|-
|2 || 320k
|-
|3 || 360k
|-
|4 || 720k
|-
|5 || 1.2M
|-
|6 || 1.4M
|-
|7 || 2.8M
|}
|-
|0x006 || 4 bytes || [[CRC-32]] of disk data
|-
|0x00A || 1 byte || Compression type: 0 for uncompressed, 1-2 for compressed
|-
|0x00B || 1 byte || Last cylinder imaged
|-
|0x00C || 1 byte || Last head imaged
|-
|0x00D || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x00E || 1 byte || Bitwise flags:
{| class="wikitable"
! Value
! Meaning
|-
|0x01 || Non-DOS disk
|-
|0x02 || Encrypted disk image
|-
|0x04 || Contains bad sectors
|}
|-
|0x00F || 1 byte || Always 0
|-
|0x010 || 4 bytes || Passphrase hash (if encrypted)
|-
|0x014 || 284 bytes || Always 0
|-
|0x130 || 4 bytes || CRC-32 of file header
|-
|0x134 || 200 bytes || File description: 5 lines each of 40 characters, [[CP437]] character set
|-
|0x1FC || 4 bytes || CRC-32 of description
|}

=== Sector data ===

The imaged sectors follow the header with no further header or trailer information. The default behaviour of Disk Express is to record up to the last allocated block on the disk, so the amount of data stored may be less than the media type in the header block.

If the file is compressed, then each track is compressed separately. Each track in this case is preceded by a little-endian word, giving the length of the compressed data. There are special cases if the length is 1 (in which case all bytes in the track are the same) or if it is the same as the uncompressed length (in which case the track is not compressed).

== Software ==
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|640swstudio/UTILITY/DKEXP101.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.01]
* [{{CdTextfilesURL|nightowl/nopv07/020A/DKEXP1.ZIP}} Disk eXPress v1.02]
* {{DiscMasterLink|file/14387/winos2_a.zip/winos2_a/OS2/UTILITY/DISK/DXP196B.ZIP|Disk eXPress v1.96 (beta)}}
* [{{SACFTPURL|utildisk|dxp234.zip}} Disk eXPress v2.34]

User:RSola

2025-03-26T11:09:08Z

RSola: Created page with "Jack of all trades, master of none. Special interest in vintage file formats, old software and reverse engineering on PC-based x86 platforms from DOS to Windows and Linux."

Jack of all trades, master of none. Special interest in vintage file formats, old software and reverse engineering on PC-based x86 platforms from DOS to Windows and Linux.