Just Solve the File Format Problem - User contributions [en]

File Information Tool Set

2013-03-07T14:40:53Z

Nxg: Spelling fix...

{|
|[[Software]]
| >
|[[File identification software]]
| >
|[[File Information Tool Set]]
|}

FITS, the File Information Tool Set, is software created at the Harvard University Library to identify, validate, and extract technical metadata for various file formats. It wraps several third-party open source tools, normalizes and consolidates their output, and reports any errors. The tools which it incorporates include JHOVE, Exiftool, National Library of New Zealand Metadata Extractor, DROID, FFIdent, and Windows File Utility.

There is no link between this tool set and the long-established [[Flexible Image Transport System|FITS]] format.

[https://code.google.com/p/fits/ FITS home page on Google Code]

File Information Tool Set

2013-03-07T01:52:19Z

Nxg: Added clarifying link to the FITS format

FITS, the File Information Tool Set, is software created at the Harvard University Library to identify, validate, and extract technical metadata for various file formats. It wraps several third-party open source tools, normalizes and consolidates their output, and reports any errors. The tools which it incorporates include JHOVE, Exiftool, National Library of New Zealand Metadata Extractor, DROID, FFIdent, and Windows File Utility.

There is no link between this took set and the long-established [[Flexible Image Transport System|FITS]] format.

[https://code.google.com/p/fits/ FITS home page on Google Code]

Scientific Data formats

2012-11-07T18:03:01Z

Nxg: Emphasise that there are several 'SDF' formats

{|
|[[File Formats]]
| >
|[[Electronic File Formats]]
| >
|[[Scientific Data formats]]
|}

== General ==
* [[cdf]] (Common Data Format)
* [[EAS3]] (binary file format for structured data)
* [[hdf]] (Hierarchical Data Format, from NASA)
* [[NetCDF]] (Network Common Data Format)
* [[SDXF]] (Structured Data Exchange Format)
* [[Silo]] (a storage format for visualization developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)* [[XDF]] (eXtensible Data Format)
* There are several formats abbreviated as [[SDF]], including:
** [[Simple Data format]] (SDF) By George H. Fisher, Space Sciences Lab, UC Berkeley (A platform-independent, precision-preserving binary data I/O format capable of handling large, multi-dimensional arrays)
** [[Simple Data format-DPT]] A new format from the Data Protocols Team for publishing and sharing data
** [[Standard Delay Format]] A standard data structure for timing data
** [[Structure Data File]] A file format for a chemical table file
* [[XSIL]] (Extensible Scientific Interchange Language)

== Astronomical and Space ==
* [[FITS]] (Flexible Image Transport System)
* [[PDS/ODL]] (Planetary Data System)
* [[VOTable]] (IVOA standard table format)
* [[Starlink_Data_Format|SDF]] (Starlink Data Format) and [[N-Dimensional_Data_Format|NDF]] (Starlink's Extensible N-Dimensional Data Format).

== Biological ==

* [[AB1]] (Chromatogram files used by DNA sequencing instruments from Applied Biosystems)
* [[ABCD]] (Access to Biological Collection Data)
* [[ACE]] (Sequence assembly format)
* [[ABCDDNA]] (Access to Biological Collection Data DNA extension)
* [[Affymetrix Raw Intensity Format]]
* [[ARLEQUIN Project Format]]
* [[Axt Alignment Format]]
* [[BAM]] (Binary compressed SAM format)
* [[BED]] (Browser extensible display format describing genes and other features of DNA sequences)
* [[BEDgraph]]
* [[Big Browser Extensible Data Format]]
* [[Big Wiggle Format]]
* [[Binary Alignement Map Format]]
* [[Binary Probe Map Format]]
* [[Binary sequence information Format]]
* [[Biological Pathway eXchange]]
* [[BLAT alignment Format]]
* [[BRIX generated O Format]]
* [[CAF]] (Common Assembly Format for sequence assembly)
* [[CellML]]
* [[CHADO XML interchange Format]]
* [[Chain Format for pairwise alignment]]
* [[CHARMM Card File Format]]
* [[CLUSTAL-W Alignment Format]]
* [[CLUSTAL-W Dendrogram Guide File Format]]
* [[Clustered Data Table Format]]
* [[DELTA]] (DEscription Language for TAxonomy)
* [[EMBL]] (Flatfile format used by the EMBL for nucleotide and peptide sequences)
* [[FASTA and FASTQ]] (File format for sequence data, FASTQ with quality).
* [[GelML]]
* [[GenBank]] (Flatfile format used by NCBI for nucleotide and peptide sequences)
* [[GFF]] (General feature format for describing genes and other features of DNA, RNA and protein sequences)
* [[GTF]] (Gene transfer format holds information about gene structure)
* [[MITAB]]
* [[mzData]] (deprecated)
* [[mzIdentML]]
* [[mzML]]
* [[mzQuantML]]
* [[NEXUS]] (Encodes mixed information about genetic sequence data in a block structured format)
* [[PDB]] (Structures of biomolecules deposited in Protein Data Bank)
* [[PHD]] (Output from the basecalling software Phred)
* [[PSI-MI XML]]
* [[PSI-PAR]]
* [[SAM]] (Sequence Alignment/Map format)
* [[SCF]] (Staden chromatogram files used to store data from DNA sequencing)
* [[SBML]] (Systems Biology Markup Language used to store biochemical network computational models)
* [[spML]]
* [[Stockholm]] (Representing multiple sequence alignments)
* [[Swiss-Prot]] (Flatfile format used for protein sequences from the Swiss-Prot database)
* [[TraML]]
* [[VCF]] (Variant Call Format)

== Biomedical signals (time series) ==

* [[ACQ]] (AcqKnowledge)
* [[BCI2000]] (The BCI2000 project)
* [[BioSemi]] (BDF) data format
* [[BKR]] (EEG data format)
* [[CFWB]] (Chart Data File Format)
* [[DICOM-Waveform]] (An extension of Dicom for storing waveform data)
* [[ecgML]] (A markup language for electrocardiogram data acquisition and analysis)
* [[EDF/EDF+]] (European Data Format)
* [[FEF]] (File Exchange Format for Vital signs, CEN TS 14271)
* [[GDF v1.x]] (General Data Format for biomedical signals - Version 1.x)
* [[ GDF v2.x]] (The General Data Format for biomedical signals - Version 2.x)
* [[ HL7aECG]] (Health Level 7 v3 annotated ECG)
* [[OpenXDF]] (Open Exchange Data Format)
* [[SCP-ECG]] (Standard Communication Protocol for Computer assisted electrocardiography)
* [[SIGIF]] (A digital SIGnal Interchange Format)
* [[WFDB]] (Format of Physiobank)

== Chemical ==
* [[CCP4]] (X-ray crystallography voxels (electron density))
* [[CHM]] (ChemDraw file format)
* [[CIF]] (Crystallographic Information File, standardised by IUCr)
* [[CML]] (Chemical markup language)
* [[CTab]] (Chemical table file .mol, .sd, .sdf)
* [[HITRAN]] (spectroscopic data with one optical/infrared transition per line in the ASCII file (.hit))
* [[JCAMP]] (Joint Committee on Atomic and Molecular Physical Data, .dx, .jdx)
* [[MOL]] (MDL Molfile)
* [[MOP]] (MOPAC format)
* [[MRC]] (voxels in cryo-electron microscopy)
* [[PDB]] (Protein Data Bank)
* [[SMILES]] (Simplified molecular input line entry specification, .smi)
* [[SPC]] (spectroscopic data)
* [[Structure Data File]] (SDF)

Chemical data may be distinguished in various ways, including [http://www.ch.ic.ac.uk/chemime/ Chemical MIME] types.

== Ecological ==
* [[Darwin Core]] (Standard for sharing information about biological diversity)
* [[EML]] (Ecological Metadata Language)

== Geographic and Geospatial ==

See also [[Geospatial]]

* [[DEM]] (Digital Elevation Model)
* [[DOQ]] (Digital Orthophotos)
* [[e00]] (ESRI ArcInfo Interchange File)
* [[FGDC]] (Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata??)
* [[GeoTIFF]] (Geospatial extensions to TIFF)
* [[GML]] (Geography Markup Language)
* [[HDFEOS, HD2, HD4]] (Hierarchical Data Format-Earth Observing System)
* [[KML]] (KML (formerly Keyhole Markup Language), Version 2.2)
* [[NDF]] (National Landsat Archive Production System (NLAPS) Data Format)
* [[SAIF]] (Spatial Archive and Interchange Format, Canadian)
* [[SDTS]] (Spatial Data Transfer Standard)
* [[shp and shx]] (ESRI Shaepfile must have components; other optional components as well, see entry)
* [[SID]] (MrSID- Multi-resolution Seamless Image Database)
* [[TAB]] (MapInfo dataset format, must have component)

== Mathematical ==
* [[graph6, sparse6]] (ASCII encoding of Adjacency matrices (.g6, .s6))
* [[M]] (Mathematica package file)
* [[MAT]] (MATLAB matrix data format)
* [[MathML]]
* [[WP2]] WinPlot

== Medical Imaging ==
* [[AFNI]] (data, meta-data (.BRIK,.HEAD))
* [[MGH]] (uncompressed)
* [[MGZ]] (zip-compressed)
* [[Analyze data, meta-data]] (.img,.hdr)
* [[DICOM]] (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (.dcm))
* [[MINC]] (Medical Imaging NetCDF format; since version 2.0, based on HDF5 (.mnc))
* [[OME-TIFF]] (Open Microscopy Imaging format)
* [[OME-XML]] (Open Microscopy Imaging format)
* [[OST (Open Spatio-Temporal)]] (extensible, open alternative for microscope images)
* [[nii]] (Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative (NIfTI) single-file (combined data and meta-data))
* [[gii]] (NIfTI offspring for brain surface data, single-file (combined data and meta-data) style)
* [[.img,.hdr]] (NIfTI offspring for brain surface data, dual-file (separate data and meta-data, respectively) style)
* [[SDM]] (Signed Differential Mapping- brain maps(.sdm))

== Oceanographic, Atmospheric and Meteorological ==

* [[GRIB]] (Grid in Binary)
* [[BUFR]] (Binary Universal Format Representation)
* [[IOAPI]] (netCDF augmented with metadata from the I/O API)
* [[PP]] (UK Met Office format for weather model data)

== Physics ==

* [[CGNS]] (Computational Fluid Dynamics General Notation System)
* [[NeXuS]] (Common data format for neutron, x-ray and muon science)
* [[QCDml]] (Lattice QCD gauge configuration markup language)

== Scientific Signal data ==

* [[ACQ]] (AcqKnowledge File Format for Windows)
* [[BioSemi]] (BDF) data format
* [[BKR]] (EEG data format)
* [[CFWB]] (Chart Data File Format)
* [[EDF]] (European data format)
* [[FEF]] (File Exchange Format for Vital signs)
* [[GDF]] (General data formats for biomedical signals)
* [[GMS]] (Gesture And Motion Signal format)
* [[IROCK]] (intelliRock Sensor Data File Format)
* [[MFER]] (Medical waveform Format Encoding Rules)
* [[REC]] (ATI Vision recorder file)
* [[SCP-ECG]] (Standard Communication Protocol for Computer assisted electrocardiography)
* [[SEG Y]] (Reflection seismology data format)
* [[SIGIF]] (SIGnal Interchange Format)

== Social Sciences ==

* [[DDI]] (Data Documentation Initiative)
* [[SAS]] (Statistical package)
* [[SPSS]] (Statistical package)
* [[Stata]] (Statistical package)

File command

2012-11-07T16:40:38Z

Nxg: Initial version (bit of a stub -- needs enhancement)

==The File command==

The <code>file</code> command has been a part of unix distributions for many years.

The [http://manpages.debian.net/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=file&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=Debian+6.0+squeeze&format=html&locale=en Debian manpage] gives an overview of its functionality

The program source includes a database of heuristics for determining file types, which includes a variety of 'magic numbers' which characterise files. This database is not portable, but is potentially adaptable.

For the source, see:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/ports/sysutils/file/ FreeBSD port tree] (referring to the porting of the original distribution into FreeBSD
* '''XXX Need more sources!'''

SDF

2012-11-06T01:28:51Z

Nxg: Added Starlink SDF link

This is a disambiguation page. SDF as a Scientific Data format could refer to

* [[Simple Data format]] By George H. Fisher, Space Sciences Lab, UC Berkeley,
* [[Simple Data format-DPT]] A new format from the Data Protocols Team for publishing and sharing data,
* [[Standard Delay Format]] A standard data structure for timing data,
* [[Structure Data File]] A file format for a chemical table file.
* [[Starlink Data Format]] A format for astronomical data, developed by the Starlink Project

N-Dimensional Data Format

2012-11-06T01:27:53Z

Nxg: Created page

{|
|[[File Formats]]
| >
|[[Electronic File Formats]]
| >
|[[Scientific Data formats]]
| >
| Starlink Extensible N-Dimensional Data Format
|}

== General description ==

Starlink NDF files are a hierarchical structuring format, primarily for astronomical data, developed by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starlink_Project UK Starlink Project] (1980--2005), and based on the same project's [[Starlink Data Format|SDF]] files.

== Other information ==

The NDF format is documented in the Starlink project document [http://www.starlink.rl.ac.uk/docs/sun33.htx/sun33.html SUN/33].

The Starlink Project<ref>The Starlink Project, http://starlink.jach.hawaii.edu/</ref> ran from 1980 to 2005, and has been supported, since its funding ended, by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_Astronomy_Centre Joint Astronomy Centre, Hawai`i].

There is no standard NDF MIME type. Almost all NDF files used a <code>.sdf</code> file extension.

== Software ==

The Starlink software suite reads, writes and manipulates NDF files.

== Sample files ==

No collections known.

== Identification ==

Not known

== References ==

<references/>

Starlink Data Format

2012-11-06T01:24:11Z

Nxg: Created page

{|
|[[File Formats]]
| >
|[[Electronic File Formats]]
| >
|[[Scientific Data formats]]
| >
| Starlink Data Format
|}

== General description ==

Starlink Data Format (SDF) files are a container format, primarily for astronomical data, developed by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starlink_Project UK Starlink Project] (1980--2005).

The main 'user' of .sdf files was the same project's higher-level [[N-Dimensional_Data_Format|NDF]] format.

== Other information ==

The Starlink Project<ref>The Starlink Project, http://starlink.jach.hawaii.edu/</ref> ran from 1980 to 2005, and has been supported, since its funding ended, by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_Astronomy_Centre Joint Astronomy Centre, Hawai`i].

There is no standard SDF MIME type. Almost all SDF files used a <code>.sdf</code> file extension.

== Software ==

The Starlink software suite reads, writes and manipulates SDF files.

== Sample files ==

No collections known.

== Identification ==

Not known

== References ==

<references/>

VOTable

2012-11-06T01:16:13Z

Nxg: Added VOTable page

{|
|[[File Formats]]
| >
|[[Electronic File Formats]]
| >
|[[Scientific Data formats]]
| >
| VOTable
|}

== General description ==

VOTable is an XML-based table format used for interchange within the International Virtual Observatory Alliance ([http://www.ivoa.net IVOA]) suite of standards.

The current version (as of late 2012) is VOTable 1.2, standardised in an IVOA Recommendation<ref>Francois Ochsenbein and Roy Williams, ''VOTable Format Definition, Version 1.2''. Online: http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/VOTable/</ref>

== Other information ==

The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Virtual_Observatory_Alliance IVOA] acts as a standardisation body for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_observatory Virtual Observatory] projects. In a process modelled on the W3C's, it provides a forum for standards documents to be proposed, discussed, and eventually promoted to Recommendations.

The IVOA's [http://wiki.ivoa.net/twiki/bin/view/IVOA/IvoaVOTable VOTable Working Group] maintains an informal list of versions and implementations.

The MIME type <code>application/x-votable+xml</code> is often used for VOTable documents, but has not been registered with the IETF.

File extensions <code>.vot</code> and <code>.xml</code> are reasonably common, but there is no recommendation or fixed convention.

== Software ==

See the IVOA Working Group page mentioned above.

== Sample files ==

No collections known.

== Identification ==

The v1.2 VOTable XML-Schema uses the namespace <code>http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOTable/v1.2</code>

== References ==

<references/>

Scientific Data formats

2012-11-06T01:00:37Z

Nxg: Add link to VOTable and Starlink SDF/NDF

{|
|[[File Formats]]
| >
|[[Electronic File Formats]]
| >
|Scientific Data formats
|}

== General ==
* [[cdf]] (Common Data Format)
* [[EAS3]] (binary file format for structured data)
* [[hdf]] (Hierarchical Data Format, from NASA)
* [[NetCDF]] (Network Common Data Format)
* [[SDF]] (Simple Data Format, a platform-independent, precision-preserving binary data I/O format capable of handling large, multi-dimensional arrays)
* [[SDXF]] (Structured Data Exchange Format)
* [[Silo]] (a storage format for visualization developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)* [[XDF]] (eXtensible Data Format)
* [[XSIL]] (Extensible Scientific Interchange Language)

== Astronomical and Space ==
* [[FITS]] (Flexible Image Transport System)
* [[PDS/ODL]] (Planetary Data System)
* [[VOTable]] (IVOA standard table format)
* [[Starlink_Data_Format|SDF]] (Starlink Data Format) and [[N-Dimensional_Data_Format|NDF]] (Starlink's Extensible N-Dimensional Data Format).

== Biological ==

* [[AB1]] (Chromatogram files used by DNA sequencing instruments from Applied Biosystems)
* [[ACE]] (Sequence assembly format)
* [[BAM]] (Binary compressed SAM format)
* [[BED]] (Browser extensible display format describing genes and other features of DNA sequences)
* [[CAF]] (Common Assembly Format for sequence assembly)
* [[EMBL]] (Flatfile format used by the EMBL for nucleotide and peptide sequences)
* [[FASTA and FASTQ]] (File format for sequence data, FASTQ with quality).
* [[GenBank]] (Flatfile format used by NCBI for nucleotide and peptide sequences)
* [[GFF]] (General feature format for describing genes and other features of DNA, RNA and protein sequences)
* [[GTF]] (Gene transfer format holds information about gene structure)
* [[NEXUS]] (Encodes mixed information about genetic sequence data in a block structured format)
* [[PDB]] (Structures of biomolecules deposited in Protein Data Bank)
* [[PHD]] (Output from the basecalling software Phred)
* [[SAM]] (Sequence Alignment/Map format)
* [[SCF]] (Staden chromatogram files used to store data from DNA sequencing)
* [[SBML]] (Systems Biology Markup Language used to store biochemical network computational models)
* [[Stockholm]] (Representing multiple sequence alignments)
* [[Swiss-Prot]] (Flatfile format used for protein sequences from the Swiss-Prot database)
* [[VCF]] (Variant Call Format)

== Biomedical signals (time series) ==

* [[ACQ]] (AcqKnowledge)
* [[BCI2000]] (The BCI2000 project)
* [[BDF]] (BioSemi data format0
* [[BKR]] (EEG data format)
* [[CFWB]] (Chart Data File Format)
* [[ DICOM-Waveform]] (An extension of Dicom for storing waveform data)
* [[ecgML]] (A markup language for electrocardiogram data acquisition and analysis)
* [[EDF/EDF+]] (European Data Format)
* [[FEF]] (File Exchange Format for Vital signs, CEN TS 14271)
* [[GDF v1.x]] (General Data Format for biomedical signals - Version 1.x)
* [[ GDF v2.x]] (The General Data Format for biomedical signals - Version 2.x)
* [[ HL7aECG]] (Health Level 7 v3 annotated ECG)
* [[OpenXDF]] (Open Exchange Data Format)
* [[SCP-ECG]] (Standard Communication Protocol for Computer assisted electrocardiography)
* [[SIGIF]] (A digital SIGnal Interchange Format)
* [[WFDB]] (Format of Physiobank)

== Chemical ==
* [[CCP4]] (X-ray crystallography voxels (electron density))
* [[CHM]] (ChemDraw file format)
* [[CIF]] (Crystallographic Information File, standardised by IUCr)
* [[CML]] (Chemical markup language)
* [[CTab]] (Chemical table file .mol, .sd, .sdf)
* [[HITRAN]] (spectroscopic data with one optical/infrared transition per line in the ASCII file (.hit))
* [[JCAMP]] (Joint Committee on Atomic and Molecular Physical Data, .dx, .jdx)
* [[MOL]] (MDL Molfile)
* [[MOP]] (MOPAC format)
* [[MRC]] (voxels in cryo-electron microscopy)
* [[PDB]] (Protein Data Bank)
* [[SDF]] (Structure Data File)
* [[SMILES]] (Simplified molecular input line entry specification, .smi)
* [[SPC]] (spectroscopic data)

Chemical data may be distinguished in various ways, including [http://www.ch.ic.ac.uk/chemime/ Chemical MIME] types.

== Ecological ==
* [[Darwin Core]] (Standard for sharing information about biological diversity)
* [[EML]] (Ecological Metadata Language)

== Geographic and Geospatial ==

See also [[Geospatial]]

* [[DEM]] (Digital Elevation Model)
* [[DOQ]] (Digital Orthophotos)
* [[e00]] (ESRI ArcInfo Interchange File)
* [[FGDC]] (Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata??)
* [[GeoTIFF]] (Geospatial extensions to TIFF)
* [[GML]] (Geography Markup Language)
* [[HDFEOS, HD2, HD4]] (Hierarchical Data Format-Earth Observing System)
* [[KML]] (KML (formerly Keyhole Markup Language), Version 2.2)
* [[NDF]] (National Landsat Archive Production System (NLAPS) Data Format)
* [[SAIF]] (Spatial Archive and Interchange Format, Canadian)
* [[SDTS]] (Spatial Data Transfer Standard)
* [[shp and shx]] (ESRI Shaepfile must have components; other optional components as well, see entry)
* [[SID]] (MrSID- Multi-resolution Seamless Image Database)
* [[TAB]] (MapInfo dataset format, must have component)

== Mathematical ==
* [[graph6, sparse6]] (ASCII encoding of Adjacency matrices (.g6, .s6))
* [[M]] (Mathematica package file)
* [[MAT]] (MATLAB matrix data format)
* [[MathML]]
* [[WP2]] WinPlot

== Medical Imaging ==
* [[AFNI]] (data, meta-data (.BRIK,.HEAD))
* [[MGH]] (uncompressed)
* [[MGZ]] (zip-compressed)
* [[Analyze data, meta-data]] (.img,.hdr)
* [[DICOM]] (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (.dcm))
* [[MINC]] (Medical Imaging NetCDF format; since version 2.0, based on HDF5 (.mnc))
* [[OME-TIFF]] (Open Microscopy Imaging format)
* [[OME-XML]] (Open Microscopy Imaging format)
* [[OST (Open Spatio-Temporal)]] (extensible, open alternative for microscope images)
* [[nii]] (Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative (NIfTI) single-file (combined data and meta-data))
* [[gii]] (NIfTI offspring for brain surface data, single-file (combined data and meta-data) style)
* [[.img,.hdr]] (NIfTI offspring for brain surface data, dual-file (separate data and meta-data, respectively) style)
* [[SDM]] (Signed Differential Mapping- brain maps(.sdm))

== Oceanographic, Atmospheric and Meteorological ==

* [[GRIB]] (Grid in Binary)
* [[BUFR]] (Binary Universal Format Representation)
* [[IOAPI]] (netCDF augmented with metadata from the I/O API)
* [[PP]] (UK Met Office format for weather model data)

== Physics ==

* [[CGNS]] (Computational Fluid Dynamics General Notation System)
* [[NeXuS]] (Common data format for neutron, x-ray and muon science)
* [[QCDml]] (Lattice QCD gauge configuration markup language)

== Scientific Signal data ==

* [[ACQ]] (AcqKnowledge File Format for Windows)
* [[BKR]] (EEG data format)
* [[BDF]] (BioSemi data format)
* [[CFWB]] (Chart Data File Format)
* [[EDF]] (European data format)
* [[FEF]] (File Exchange Format for Vital signs)
* [[GDF]] (General data formats for biomedical signals)
* [[GMS]] (Gesture And Motion Signal format)
* [[IROCK]] (intelliRock Sensor Data File Format)
* [[MFER]] (Medical waveform Format Encoding Rules)
* [[SCP-ECG]] (Standard Communication Protocol for Computer assisted electrocardiography)
* [[SEG Y]] (Reflection seismology data format)
* [[SIGIF]] (SIGnal Interchange Format)

== Social Sciences ==

* [[DDI]] (Data Documentation Initiative)
* [[SAS]] (Statistical package)
* [[SPSS]] (Statistical package)
* [[Stata]] (Statistical package)

User:Nxg

2012-11-05T16:42:33Z

Nxg: Created

Norman Gray

http://nxg.me.uk

Flexible Image Transport System

2012-11-05T16:41:30Z

Nxg: Fix formatting

== General description ==

FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) is a heavily-used and well-standardised format for storing astronomical data. It can store both images and tables, and has basic but flexible support for metadata.

The format is fundamentally rather simple; indeed it is simple enough that a basic reader can be constructed with a relatively small amount of effort, but this is rarely necessary, since there are readers and writers for a broad range of scientific programming languages.

The metadata is stored as a list of key-value pairs, with the keys being up to eight characters long, and the values up to 70 characters. There are some standards, and several conventions, for the choices of keyword. These conventions generally interoperate well, but readers should be aware that collisions are possible.

The format has been standardised in a sequence of papers in the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics, and a set of conventions for header metadata has been developed, over a number of years.

== Other information ==

The format is summarised in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FITS Wikipedia], which includes some history of the format.

For further information, see:
* Version 3 of FITS is described in <ref>William D Pence, L Chiappetti, Clive G Page, R A Shaw and E Stobie, ''Definition of the Flexible Image Transport System (FITS), version 3.0'', Astronomy and Astrophysics, '''524''', A42+ (2010) doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015362, (ADS bibcode: [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1981A&AS...44..363W 1981A&AS...44..363W])</ref>, and this document has been approved by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Astronomical_Union&oldid=520671540 IAU's] [http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/iaufwg/iaufwg.html FITS Working Group]. The document is also available [http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/standard30/fits_standard30.pdf online].
* The <code>image/fits</code> and <code>application/fits</code> MIME types were registered in [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4047.txt RFC 4047].
* Further information, including libraries and file samples, is available at the [http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov FITS support office]

== Software ==

See the [http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov FITS support office].

== Sample files ==

See the [http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov FITS support office].

== Identification ==

FITS files start with the sequence of characters <code>SIMPLE </code>.

The common FITS file extensions are <code>.fits</code> and (less often) <code>.fts</code>.

The <code>image/fits</code> and <code>application/fits</code> MIME types were registered in [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4047.txt RFC 4047].

== References ==

<references/>

Flexible Image Transport System

2012-11-05T16:20:34Z

Nxg: Add FITS information

== General description ==

FITS is a heavily-used and well-standardised format for storing astronomical data. It can store both images and tables, and has basic but flexible support for metadata.

The format is fundamentally rather simple; indeed it is simple enough that a basic reader can be constructed with a relatively small amount of effort, but this is rarely necessary, since there are readers and writers for a broad range of scientific programming languages.

The metadata is stored as a list of key-value pairs, with the keys being up to eight characters long, and the values up to 70 characters. There are some standards, and several conventions, for the choices of keyword. These conventions generally interoperate well, but readers should be aware that collisions are possible.

The format has been standardised in a sequence of papers in the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics, and a set of conventions for header metadata has been developed, over a number of years.

== Other information ==

The format is summarised in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FITS Wikipedia].

For further information, see:
* Version 3 of FITS is described in <ref>Pence, William D and Chiappetti, L. and Page, Clive G and Shaw, R.~A. and Stobie, E., ''Definition of the Flexible Image Transport System (FITS), version 3.0'', Astronomy and Astrophysics, '''524''', A42+ (2010) doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015362, (ADS bibcode: [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1981A&AS...44..363W 1981A&AS...44..363W])</ref>, and this document has been approved by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Astronomical_Union&oldid=520671540 IAU's] [http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/iaufwg/iaufwg.html FITS Working Group]. The document is also available [http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/standard30/fits_standard30.pdf online].
* The =image/fits= and =application/fits= MIME types were registered in [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4047.txt RFC 4047].
* Further information, including libraries and file samples, is available at the [http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov FITS support office]

== Software ==

See the [http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov FITS support office].

== Sample files ==

See the [http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov FITS support office].

== Identification ==

FITS files start with the sequence of characters =SIMPLE =.

The common FITS file extensions are =.fits= and (less often) =.fts=.

The =image/fits= and =application/fits= MIME types were registered in [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4047.txt RFC 4047].

== References ==

For references, see above.