Elements of File Formats

This section is for
 * Common formats that make up only a small part of a file
 * Ancillary knowledge that may be needed to help decode file formats

Integers

 * Binary-coded decimal
 * Ones' complement
 * Two's complement
 * Variable-length quantity

See also Category:Integer data types.

Floating point numbers

 * Bfloat16 (BF16)
 * DEC64
 * IEEE floating point
 * Posit
 * Unum

See also Category:Floating point data types.

Time formats
Refer to Date and time formats.

Identifiers

 * CLSID
 * Domain name
 * Top-level domain
 * Filename
 * Filename extension
 * FourCC
 * GUID
 * IANA character set name
 * IETF language tag
 * ISO 3166-1 country code
 * Macintosh type/creator code
 * Magic
 * RISC OS filetype
 * ULID
 * UUID
 * Windows Language Code Identifier

Graphics

 * Palettes

Other

 * ANSI escape code
 * Base2
 * Bit
 * Bit order
 * Byte
 * Emacs file variable
 * Endianness (little-endian, big-endian)
 * File
 * Shebang