Markup

Markup languages express the structure and/or presentation of a document through the use of tags, elements, and embedded commands and codes. They are distinguished from programming languages, because instead of giving instructions to be executed, markup elements designate the nature, purpose, or style of text and media which is part of a document.

General markup

 * SGML (Standard Generalised Markup Format)
 * XML
 * Binary XML

Markup metaformats

 * DTD (Document Type Definition); used to define document formats in markup languages
 * XML Schema Definition

Text markup

 * Almost Plain Text
 * CommonMark (variant of Markdown, attempted to be more standardized)
 * LaTeX (User-friendly version of TeX used by mathematicians, computer scientists etc)
 * Markdown
 * RASH (Research Articles in Simplified HTML)
 * reStructuredText
 * Scribe
 * TEI (Text Encoding Initiative; Specialised dialect of SGML)
 * TeX (TeX type-setting language created by Donald Knuth)
 * Wiki markup

See also Hypermedia

Web document markup

 * HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
 * Compressed Markup Language (compact binary form of HTML used in PalmOS)
 * Scholarly HTML
 * Markdeep (enhanced variant of Markdown intended for browser display via JavaScript)
 * OBML (Opera Binary Markup Language)
 * WML
 * XHTML (Extensible HTML)

See also Web

Specialized markup

 * 3DMLW (3D Markup Language for Web)
 * AIML (Artificial Intelligence Markup Language)
 * AsciiMath
 * CML (Chemical Markup Language)
 * Fountain (intended for screenplays)
 * KFP (preflight profiles for PDF)
 * MathML
 * Opus Embedded Commands (OEC)
 * Rant (programming/markup language for generating text)
 * &#x5b;x&#x5d;it!

See also Document, Text-based data, and News media.

Templating engines

 * doT
 * Jinja
 * Pug

See also Programming Languages

Links

 * Remember the Nineties (complaint about how markup languages are still in use instead of more user-friendly WYSIWYG stuff)